災變後的心理反應計有創傷經驗的重複出現、否認、複雜的情緒團、罪惡感及基本信念的衝擊。如果這些反應未能被個人消化，將會導致個人形成自我防衛機轉，而增加個人的心理負荷。一旦藉由與信賴得過的人互動，表達出內在真實的心理經驗述材，而與個人原有的生命經驗融合，則可以達到自我療傷的結果。因此個體可從災變中成長的，只要他能使危機可處理化、可理解化以及意義化。這樣成長需藉助個人的個性、社會支援及反芻的歷程。本文認為此種內在的心理復建歷程需築基於個人的生存、生計以及生理上無任何擔憂時，較能有效地進行。因此從目前震災後的復健歷程來看，已經逐漸從「急救－應急」期進入「短期復健期」，應以「震災後負向心理反應之處理」為主，而以積極原則作為輔助的原則。災後的心理社會復健需從不同類型的災民之生理、生存、生計及生命四個層面才評估及設計相關的服務計劃，才能符合災民的需求。

　　　　　The psychological responses after disaster include the re-experiencing traumatic experiences, denials, complicated emotional complexity, guilty and the impacts upon basic belief systems. If those responses are not "digested" by the individual, they will transform into self-defense mechanisms and then produce the personal mental load. The individual can utilize self-healing by interacting with reliable others, expressing the real metal experiences and combining those experiences with original ones. For this reason, if the individual can make the crisis manageable, comprehensible and meaningful, the disaster can help one to grow up. The growth relies on of the individual personality, social support and rumination. The author regards that such mental reconstruction works effectively only if the individual is without worry on surviving, living and physiological perspectives. The present post-earthquake reconstruction progresses gradually from "first aid-emergency" period into "short-term reconstruction" period. The primary objective should be to deal with "negative post-earthquake psychological responses" and comply with the active principles. Post-disaster reconstruction should base on different types of survivors and their needs on physiological, surviving, living and life perspectives to plan and evaluate relative service.