本論文的研究對象「稱呼（address form）」，乃是指直接叫對方或者提及某人 時的語言形式。不同的社會，由於語言、傳統、道德觀念、價值觀念、社會背景、心理因素 等差異，而有其不同的稱呼形式。透過稱呼形式的研究，我們除了可以得知該語言的特色之 外，也可以由此進一步地探索該社會對於家族、社會、性別等所持有的價值觀。 根據本研究的結果發現，日語的稱呼由人名、人稱代名詞、表身分的名詞（含親屬稱謂詞、 地位名稱、職業名稱等）與附加詞（含詞頭、詞尾等）所組成。自稱詞、對稱詞、他稱詞的 結構暨用法和漢語大異其趣。例如：直呼其名的現象不如漢語普遍，稱呼的方式也和漢語不 盡相同。人稱代名詞雖然種類比漢語多，但是在實際生活中的使用情況，卻不如漢語頻繁。 親屬稱謂詞的種類沒有漢語多。表尊稱的詞尾「イモ」的用法廣泛，和漢語無法呈一對一的 對應。 對稱詞呈現出階級性及性別差異。 虛構性用法和漢語有所不同。 稱呼受情境（ situation ）影響的程度與漢語不一樣。 由日語稱呼的內涵、特色，可以窺探出日本人自他區隔分明的社會心理及其民族性，是日語 教學應該注意的事項之一。

　　　　　The address form is a form we use when we address a person directly or when we refer to someone. In every culture, people have their own address forms which are different from culture to culture because of the difference in language, tradition, morality, value, and psychological factors. Through the study of address forms, we can not only capture the characteristics of the Japanese language but we can also explore the values of the society such as family and social structures and gender difference. The address forms in Japanese are composed of a person's name, the pronoun, the title referring to a person's social status and the affix. They are different from the ones in Mandarin. For example, the Japanese people have more kinds of pronouns than we do in Mandarin. However, they do not use them as often. The kinds of the kinship terminology in Japanese are not as many as Mandarin. The suffix "san" is used in many case. The second personal pronoun shows class consciousness and gender distinction. The fictitious usage in Japanese is also different from which that of Mandarin. Moreover, The address forms in Japanese are influenced by various situations. Through the kinds and characteristics of the address forms in Japanese, we can understand the cultural traits of Japanese, in which we can tell that the Japanese people are more self-conscious.