《巴黎協定》為全球應對氣候變化確立了"自下而上"的治理路徑,有助于增強各類行為體的參與動力,而后續的巴黎進程更適用于建立以跨國氣候伙伴關系為代表的治理模式。在這一模式下,主要施動者是地方政府和包括氣候NGO、市民社會在內的非國家行為體。他們不僅在議程設定、透明度、監督執行和代表利益攸關方等方面具有不可替代的作用,而且還具有擅長短期本土化項目管理等優勢。本文從國際關系的跨國行為體視角出發,對這類伙伴關系的興起及其合法性、有效性進行分析,所獲得的基本結論為:(1)各國達成《巴黎協定》的內在邏輯有助于跨國伙伴關系發揮作用;(2)當前跨國氣候伙伴關系參與全球氣候治理的路徑呈現不斷制度化的趨勢;(3)跨國伙伴關系治理的合法性和有效性具有一定特殊性;(4)非國家行為體在參與治理的過程中逐漸交叉,更易形成聯盟且相關的觀念外溢也更為便利。這一新興治理關系對中國的啟示包括:(1)重新審視非國家行為體在全球氣候治理中的作用;(2)評估一些具有重大影響力的跨國伙伴關系,并適當鼓勵國內相關機構和組織參與全球進程;(3)在國內層面,以漸進的方式,有針對性地參與、建立一些跨國氣候伙伴關系,有助于提升中國的城市與地方政府的氣候治理能力;(4)在國際合作中,利用非國家行為體的優勢推動中國所提出的南南氣候合作倡議及相關項目的落實,進一步提升中國氣候治理的話語權,并彌補資金、技術及能力建設上的不足。

The Paris Agreement establishes a‘bottom-up’approach of mitigation path for global climate governance and also mobilizes the participation of various actors. In general,future climate process will be more conducive to the development of emerging governing models such as transnational climate partnerships. This is because non-state actors have an irreplaceable role not only in agenda setting,transparency,implementation and representation of stakeholders,but also are good at short-term localized projects. In this paper,from the perspective of transnational actors,it analyzes the impact of partnership,its legitimacy and effectiveness. The basic conclusions are as follows:(1)the internal logic of the Paris Agreement will help transnational partnerships play more important roles;(2)there is a rapid trend that transnational partnerships in international climate governance move on the institutional path;(3)publicprivate partnerships may strengthen climate governance in terms of legitimacy and effectiveness;(4)non-state actors are in the process of shaping networks,so NGO coalition and spillovers are more convenient. There are some good insights for China’s participation in the future:(1)to re-examine the role of non-state actors in climate governance;(2)China could carry out experimental climate cooperation through progressive engagement with some well-established partnerships;(3)domestically,in the collaboration,China thus may improve its climate governance and achieve mutual gains particularly for Chinese cities;(4)internationally,to use the advantages of non-state actors to promote China’s South-South climate cooperation initiatives and the implementation of related projects.