技術進步不僅是推動發展中國家經濟增長的根本動力,而且是跨越潛在"中等收入陷阱"的基本路徑。從技術維度將世界各國劃分為遠離前沿、國際準前沿和國際前沿三類經濟體,并通過構建納入技術差距的熊彼特主義內生增長模型,刻畫非前沿經濟體的技術進步路徑及其動力轉換的一般機理,并基于115個國家的長時序面板數據進行實證發現:對于遠離前沿的經濟體,基于技術差距的追趕導向型技術進步可推動快速技術進步,擴大競爭可能將導致低水平競爭困境;對于國際準前沿經濟體,追趕導向型技術進步將面臨潛在"技術追趕陷阱",競爭導向型技術進步可規避"技術追趕陷阱",并加快向國際前沿收斂。政府應在技術進步動力轉換、規避"技術追趕陷阱",進而推動經濟持續中高速增長中發揮重要作用。

Technological progress is not only fundamental driver of the economic growth of developing countries,but also a basic way of surmounting the potential"middle income trap."Our empirical research,based on longitudinal panel data for 115countries,uses the technological dimension to divide economies into those distant from the international frontier,quasi-frontier economies and frontier economies,constructing a Schumpeterian endogenous growth model which takes into account technological gaps and depicts the path of technological progress in non-frontier economics and the general mechanism underlying their switch to other economic drivers.Our findings show that for economies far from the international frontier,catch-up oriented technological progress addressing technological gaps can bring about rapid technological progress,but the expansion of competition may lead to a low-level competitive dilemma.In quasi-frontier economies,although catch-up oriented technological progress faces a potential"catch-up technology trap,"competition-led technological progress can avoid this trap and accelerate convergence with the international frontier.Governments have an important part to play in switching the driver of technological progress,evading the"catch-up technology trap"and thus facilitating rapid and sustainable economic growth.