解決環境和氣候問題已經成為促進中國可持續發展的前提。對于實施溫室氣體減排和空氣污染協同控制而帶來的狹義協同效益研究,國外已經開展了20多年的研究;如何從宏觀角度來探究在解決環境和氣候問題,同時帶來持續的經濟增長與社會發展的協同效益是學術界迫切需要研究的重要問題。本文對近年來國內外與環境和發展有關的廣義協同效益研究領域進行了回顧,對規范分析和實證分析兩大類文獻進行梳理。規范分析的思路是將能源、環境等因素納入經濟增長模型中,使用動態優化理論方法,推導各要素的最優增長率;實證分析則是使用國家或城市的實際發展數據,估算與環境、經濟和社會發展相關的各增長率的最優值,并將此最優值與實際值進行比較,評價實際發展的可持續程度。通過對已有研究的分析,本文指出廣義協同效益研究已興起但尚未形成完善體系,至今仍未出現將經濟增長、環境保護、資源節約、公共健康、教育等諸多因素都考慮在內的綜合研究(特別是定量研究),以保持環境可持續發展為前提、探討同時實現經濟與社會可持續發展的協同效益研究目前還很缺乏。廣義協同效益從可持續發展視角來考慮社會福利最大化問題,能為分析環境、經濟和社會發展三者關系提供一種新思路和新方法,且研究結果也可對本世紀中國可持續發展政策的制定提供科學建議和理論依據。

The priority of promoting China’s sustainable development is to tackle climate change and environmental problems. International and domestic researches have been carried out on narrow scope of co-benefits of greenhouse gas emission reduction and air pollution control for more than 20 years. Nevertheless,researches to tackle the above-mentioned problems from a macroscopic view,as well as to boost the co-benefits of economic growth and social development,is yet not deeply detected. This paper reviews both Chinese and overseas researches related to broad sense co-benefits of environment and development,and mainly focuses on normative and empirical literatures. In the normative analysis,energy and environment factors are incorporated into economic growth models,and the optimal growth rates are derived by using dynamic optimization method. The empirical analysis uses real data of development in a city or a country,to estimate the optimal growth rates of environment,economy and society. By comparing the actual and optimal growth rates,the level of sustainable development can be evaluated. After reviewing the existing studies,the paper points out that broad sense co-benefits researches have been emerging but not formed a mature researching subject yet. There are few integrated on measuring elements of the economy,environmental pollution,resources consumption,physical capital and human capital in the context of co-benefits which put the environmentally sustainable development as the premise while maintaining the economically and socially sustainable development at the same time. The co-benefits study emphasizes on maximizing social welfare in terms of sustainable development. Not only can it provide a new method for analyzing the correlations amongst environmental,economic,and social development,but the outcomes of study can also serve as the scientific supporting of making sustainable development policies for China in this century.