通過操縱背景任務的認知負荷與提示所在的時段位置,考察提示能否通過影響個體對時間性前瞻記憶的認知控制來促進其任務表現。結果發現提示顯著提高了前瞻任務的正確率。內部控制方面,高認知負荷下10分鐘處提示顯著提高了前瞻干擾量;外部控制方面,高、低認知負荷下6分鐘和10分鐘處提示均顯著增加了時鐘查看次數。這表明提示能夠通過提高個體的內部和外部控制水平促進前瞻任務的表現,但其影響效果受到認知負荷和提示位置等因素的調節。

The present study adopted a 4 between-subject(no reminder & 2 min reminder & 6 min reminder & 10 min reminder) × 2 within-subject(high cognitive load & low cognitive load) mixed design to investigate the effect of reminders on time-based prospective memory(TBPM). The results showed: 1) TBPM task performance: reminders improved PM accuracy. 2) internal control: the interaction between reminder and cognitive load was significant, the costs were greater for the 10 min reminder condition compared with the no reminder condition under high cognitive demand. 3) external control: A main effect of reminder condition indicated that participants in the 10 min reminder condition and the 6 min reminder condition checked the clock more frequently than participants in the no reminder condition. To conclude, reminders can improve the task performance of the TBPM by increasing individuals’ internal and external control of the TBPM task, but the effect is regulated by factors such as cognitive load and reminder condition.