以日語單詞為材料,考察學習順序和材料相似性對聽覺類別學習的影響。結果發現,對于高相似性規則,個體在交錯呈現條件下學習成績更好;對于低相似性規則,個體在集中呈現條件下學習成績更好。這一現象與前人在視覺類別學習中所發現的規律相同。結果表明,學習順序對聽覺類別學習的影響受材料相似性調節,并且學習順序對類別學習的影響具有跨通道的一致性。

The present study aims to examine the effects of practice schedule and material similarity on auditory category learning.Participants were asked to learn both higher and lower similarity pronunciation rules of Japanese in the blocked and interleaved conditions. The results revealed that in the condition of higher similarity, participants benefited from interleaving. In contrast, in the condition of lower similarity, blocking was more effective. These findings are consistent with what Carvalho and Goldstone(2014)found on visual category learning. Besides, the results showed that for the old words, if the similarity of pronunciation rule was higher, more participants chose the correct option; however, if the similarity of pronunciation rule was lower, more participants chose the rule-correct option. Our results suggest that: 1) material similarity modulates the effects of practice schedule on auditory category learning, 2) the effects of practice schedule on auditory category learning are consistent with the effects on visual category learning,and 3) during learning the lower similarity rules, participants remember only the rule parts, whereas during learning the higher similarity rules, they can remember both the rule and non-rule parts.