This study aimed to explore the relationship among Big Five personality,fear of missing out and social media self-control failure in college students.A total of 396 college students were surveyed with Ten-Item Personality Inventory in China(TIPI-C),Fear of Missing Out Scale and Social Media Self-control Failure Scale.The results showed that:(1) Extroversion,agreeableness,conscientiousness and emotional stability had significant positive effects on fear of missing out;(2) Fear of missing out positively predicted social media self-control failure;(3) Fear of missing out mediated the relationship between personality traits(extroversion,agreeableness,conscientiousness as well as emotional stability) and social media self-control failure,and it belonged to the suppressing effect.