Based on the field investigation of one city and four counties in Liangshan and the analysis targeted on 391 Yi young students,this paper deals with the current situation and influencing factors of the ethnic identity and national identity of the adolescents of ethnic minority Yi living in Liangshan. The results showed excellent that as the Yi adolescents go up to higher grades in school,with the increasing amount of the time they spend on learning Mandarin,their ethnic identity and national identity tend to improve simultaneously with the former one overweighing the latter one, and the influence of ascribed objective factors are not stable,while the influence of social influence and education is obviously and durability.