Valley economy is a new mode of development of mountain areas,with theoretical content and features of their own development. Unique geographical structure Wuling mountain valley, rich ecological resources and multi-ethnic cultural resources and the existing multi-national development strategies and policies, so that the development of Wuling Mountain valley economy has entirely feasible; at the same time,the ecological environment in Wuling Mountain,poor rural poverty reduction,regional coordinated development and preservation of ethnic culture development and other socio-economic development highlights the need to ditch the domain of economic development,the development of Wuling mountain valley economy has a very important theoretical and practical practice.