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題名:企業全球運籌策略之研究
作者:陳銘璋
作者(外文):Ming-Chang Chen
校院名稱:國立臺灣海洋大學
系所名稱:航運管理學系
指導教授:余坤東
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2004
主題關鍵詞:全球運籌運籌策略目標運籌作業型態因素分析集群分析global logistics strategystrategic objectivesoperational patternsfactor analysiscluster analysis
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摘要
本研究主要在探討台灣資訊科技產業全球運籌策略之內涵,是屬運籌策略之基礎研究。首先藉由內隱的運籌策略目標與外顯的運籌作業型態兩個維度來建立全球運籌策略的分析架構,接著分別依循吳思華所提出的構面取向與類型取向策略研究法進行運籌策略目標與運籌作業型態之操作化。因素分析技術與集群分析技術分別被用以建立運籌策略目標與運籌作業型態之構面與群組。最後,進行全球運籌策略前因變項之分析,利用卡方檢定與單因子變異數分析來驗證四個企業基本屬性與全球運籌策略之關係,藉以呈現各運籌策略之外形與輪廓。
研究結果發現:全球運籌策略目標包含「供料與生產成本」、「產銷協調整合」與「市場的效率回應」三個目標構面;全球運籌作業型態包含「供應鏈協調整合」及「外部資源與全球部署」兩個型態構面。集群分析的結果,受訪廠商依其在運籌策略目標三構面上的因素得分,可區隔為「保守型運籌策略目標群組」與「積極型運籌策略目標群組」;依其在運籌作業型態兩構面上的因素得分,可區隔為「全面型運籌作業型態群組」、「效率導向型運籌作業型態群組」、「資源導向型運籌作業型態群組」以及「消極型運籌作業型態群組」。綜合受訪廠商在運籌策略目標與運籌作業型態兩個維度、各個構面上之異同,四個全球運籌策略進一步獲得辨明─「全面積極型」、「作業效率型」、「資源部署型」與「消極保守型」全球運籌策略。在四項企業基本屬性(資訊科技次產業別、產業供應鏈位置、產品生命週期階段及品牌策略)與全球運籌策略之間所建立起的十二個研究假說中,有六個前因關係獲得證實。
本研究不但為全球運籌策略建構了可觀察、可衡量的雙維度構面因素,更進一步分析驗證了全球運籌策略的前因關係。以此為分析架構,許多重要的全球運籌策略相關議題之量化實證研究將得以順利展開。
關鍵詞:全球運籌策略、運籌策略目標,運籌作業型態,因素分析、集群分析
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to explore the essence of global logistics strategy. Firstly, an analytic framework, including strategic logistics objectives and logistics operational patterns, was constructed. Secondly, the dimensions of strategic logistics objectives and logistics operational patterns were identified by factor analysis technique, and then global logistics strategy could be operationalized. Thirdly, the strategic objective groups and operational pattern groups were further categorized by cluster analysis technique. Finally, the chi-square test and one way ANOVA were employed to verify the relationship between global logistics strategy and four basic firm characteristics.
The major findings of this paper include the followings: (1) There are three dimensions identified in strategic logistics objectives, they are supply stability and cost down, coordination and integration, and efficient consumer response. (2) There are two dimensions identified in logistics operational patterns, they are supply chain coordination and resource acquisition and deployment. (3) By cluster analysis, the sample firms are categorized into two groups according to their factor scores on strategic objectives dimensions. (4) The sample firms are also categorized into four groups according to their factor scores on operational patterns dimensions. (5) Four global logistics models are concluded by cross analysis of strategic logistics objectives and logistics operational patterns. (6) Seven hypotheses about the relationship between global logistics strategy and firm characteristics are verified by chi-square test and one way ANOVA.
This study provides a useful analytical framework for global logistics strategy, under which strategic objectives and operational patterns could be observed and measured. It is expected that more critical logistics issues could be further explored by scientific methods based on the findings of this paper.
Keywords: global logistics strategy, strategic objectives, operational patterns, factor analysis, cluster analysis
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