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題名:臺灣公務人員職場精神力之研究
作者:李俊達 引用關係
作者(外文):Lee, Chun-Ta
校院名稱:國立臺北大學
系所名稱:公共行政暨政策學系
指導教授:翁興利
彭錦鵬
黃朝盟
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2013
主題關鍵詞:精神力職場精神力靈性紮根理論公務人員SpiritualityWorkplace SpiritualityGrounded TheoryCivil Service
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許多研究指出,影響組織中工作人員表現的因素除了技術上的核心能力之外,使命感、價值觀以及忠誠度等心靈層次的條件也具有決定性的影響。公務人員不僅與一般企業成員不同,更需要在公部門職場中,具備愛或同情心、重視生命意義等精神層面的特質。長期以來,國內學界及實務界對公務人員的職涯發展皆側重於核心能力之建構,但對公部門來說,重視核心能力之餘,職場精神力的議題已經具有不可規避的重要性。
本研究綜整既有文獻的成果,強調於精神「力」的效用與目的,認為職場精神力是,「組織成員基於工作意義或職場中群體生活的互動,希望藉由工作使內在生命獲得滋養,進而從『從精神層面驅使工作者行為的力量』」。藉由紮根理論研究方法的分析,本研究所歸納出來的十一個類目,可涵蓋公務人員職場精神力的重要概念。一個具備職場精神力的公務人員在遭遇「職場困境」的脈絡時,將會自省「儒家文化」良心與愛心的內在生命意義,表現「對自利的超越」。而造就如此現象的因果條件,主要包括「工作意義」、「群體」、「重要事件」對其個人的啟發。同時,若公務人員能獲得「家庭支持」,或是「個人特質」能與工作性質相輔相成,或能訴諸「宗教信仰」時,將更有助於表現職場精神力,進而在公務工作上展現「盡責行為」與「經驗傳承」的結果。
在未來的研究建議方面,本研究認為應開發公務人員職場精神力量表。既有文獻已經有許多既成量表可供應用,惟整體觀之,「文化脈絡」是一項重要的發展趨勢,亦即量表必須本土化、在地化。因此,欲從職場精神力來觀察公務人員的服務動機,必然需要進一步釐清「儒家文化」以及「宗教信仰」這兩個重要的類目。此外,針對未來的公務人力培訓課程,本研究認為不應再失衡地偏重核心能力的概念,同時也應該多方考量職場精神力的面向,俾利公務人員不只具備核心能力,更有志並有心於公共服務。
Organizational performance is greatly influenced by spiritual conditions of its employees, such as the sense of mission, value, loyalty and sacrifice. Academic literature establishes that positive relevance between employees’ spirituality and their job performance exists in the private enterprises. In order to better execute public policies, civil servants should devote themselves into work with positive spirituality instead of just being detached technocrat.
Synthesizing academic literature and discovering the utilities and efficacy of spirituality, this study defines workplace spirituality (WS) as “employee with an inner life which nourished by meaningful work and that takes place in the context of community, brings spiritual strength to the workplace.” Based on the Grounded Theory (GT), this study finds 11 categories of spirituality related to the civil service in Taiwan: self-transcendence, meaning at work, sense of community, critical events, workplace predicament, Chinese Confucianism, family support, personal attributes, religious belief, conscientiousness, and inheritance of experience.
This study recommends the establishment of a WS measurement for Taiwan civil service. It is recommended that the WS measurement has to be localized and focused on two categories: “Chinese Confucianism” and “religious belief.” It is also recommended that the WS concept and goal should be incorporated into the training syllabus of civil service. Other than the building of core competence, civil service training should be reviewed in light of the critical importance of WS in the public sector service.
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