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題名:依附關係、低自我控制、接觸偏差同儕及認同非法手段與青少年偏差行為關係之縱貫性研究
作者:譚子文
作者(外文):Tan Tzyy Wen
校院名稱:國立中正大學
系所名稱:犯罪防治研究所
指導教授:楊士隆、董旭英
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2014
主題關鍵詞:依附關係低自我控制接觸偏差同儕認同非法手段青少年偏差行為縱貫性研究attachmentlow self-controldeviant peerillegal meansdelinquencylongitudinal
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本研究主要在探討依附關係、低自我控制、接觸偏差同儕、認同非法手段與國中學生偏差行為發生之間的相關性,並嘗試建立一個跨時間的模式,有系統地解釋依附關係、自我控制、接觸偏差同儕、認同非法手段與偏差行為發生之影響。本研究以台南市(改制前)七所國民中學七、八、九年級學生為對象,主要則採用分層叢聚隨機抽樣方式,分別於102年10月及103年4月進行二次追縱調查,最後共計21個班級465名國中學生(男234名,女231名;七年級161名,八年級154名,九級150名)。以自編之「青少年生活狀況調查問卷」,採自填問卷調查方式蒐集資料,並以結構方程模式等方式進行分析。研究發現:
1.雖然經由時序的影響,依附關係、低自我控制、接觸偏差同儕、認同非法手段以及青少年偏差行為的個別發展,均呈現穩定的現象。
2.依附關係會透過低自我控制、接觸偏差同儕與認同非法手段之中介效果,而負向的影響青少年偏差行為,確認這一影響歷程主要是透過低自我控制、接觸偏差同儕與認同非法手段的部分中介,且這樣的邏輯關係具有其穩定性。
3.確認低自我控制、接觸偏差同儕、認同非法手段的中介效果。
4.依附關係發展中之依附對象與青少年間的各種不同相互依存結合。
5.由跨時間之直接效果分析,以接觸偏差同儕與青少年偏差行為之關係最高,其次為低自我控制,第三為依附關係,以認同非法手段之關聯性最低。
6.依附關係的持續性、穩定性效應。
7.少年時期的行為取向,成為預測未來個人生活適應的重要指標。
8.青少年自我控制能力之發展過程並非是一簡單線性的增加趨勢,低自我控制與接觸偏差同儕的關係是一互相影響的變動歷程。
9.確認接觸偏差同儕與偏差行為的關係,係一種偏差循環。
爰據以建議強化依附關係對低自我控制、接觸偏差同儕、認同非法手段的影響;建立以「信任感」及「正面回應孩子」為核心的依附關係;教師應多使用綜合溝通管道與學生溝通,加強師生間的情感依附關係;在校園裡建立一種正確的是非觀念,及良好的校園誠信文化。
Drawing upon the social control theory, low self-control theory, social learning theory and differential opportunity theory, this study tried to find how attachment, low self-control, deviant peer and illegal means would influence juvenile delinquency. Sample of the study consisted of 465 junior high school students from Tainan City by a random stratified-cluster sampling. Structure equation modeling was used to test the model. The results of this study found that: (1)although by the impact of timing, attachment, low self-control, deviant peer and illegal means of individual development, showed a stable phenomenon; (2) as the indirect effects analysis showed, low self-control, association with deviant peers and illegal means were the mediators for the relationship between attachment and juvenile delinquency; (3) confirm low self-control, deviant peer and illegal means mediating effects; (4) attachment developing with a variety of different interdependence between the combination; (5) the direct effect of time-span analysis, relationship between deviant peer exposure and adolescent deviant behaviors of the highest, followed by low self-control, the third for the attachment, illegal means the lowest; (6) the sustainability and stability of attachment effect; (7) the juvenile period of orientation, individual adaptation to life as an important guide to predict the future; (8) adolescence's self-control of the development process is not a simple linear trend, low self-control and exposure to deviant peer relationship is a mutual influence process of change. (9) recognizes the relationship between deviant peer and delinquency is a deviation cycle. Based on the research results, several suggestions for guidance and further studies were also provided.
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