參考文獻
中文部分
內政部(2010)。2009年老人狀況調查摘要分析。2013年10月15日取自http://sowf.moi.gov.tw/stat/Survey/list.html
內政部社會司(2012.2.29)。內政部長青學苑推動情形簡報。2014年1月12日取自http://moe.senioredu.moe.gov.tw/ezcatfiles/b001/img/img/28/145020417.pdf
內政部統計處(2014)。內政部統計月報1.6-現住人口按五歲年齡組分。2014年6月6日取自http://sowf.moi.gov.tw/stat/month/list.htm
王文科(2002)。教育研究法。臺北市:五南。史曉寧(2010)。臺灣住院與社區慢性病獨居老人之健康照護需求與需求滿意度之探討與工具之發展。臺北醫學大學醫學科學研究所博士論文,未出版,台北市。
全國自殺防治中心(2013)。老人自殺防治--自殺新聞事件的省思。2014年6月05日取自http://tspc.tw/tspc/uploadfiles/File/book25.pdf
朱妙芳(2009)。台北縣三鶯區高齡者人際關係與幸福感關聯之研究。國立台灣師範大學社會教育學系在職進修專班碩士論文,未出版,台北。
朱瑞玲、章英華(2001)。華人社會的家庭倫理與家人互動:文化及社會的變遷效果,發表於華人家庭動態資料庫學術研討會。臺北市:中央研究院經濟研究所、國科會社會科學研究中心主辦。
行政院經濟建設委員會(2011)。中華民國臺灣 100年至 165年人口推計報告。 2012年6月5日取自取自於 http://www.cepd.gov.tw/m1.aspx
何書綾(2011)。國中生家人關係量表編製及應用之研究。家庭教育雙月刊, 29,43-57。
余錦芬、黃郁婷(2009)。父母宗教行為與青少年親子關係之研究-以台北市基督教家庭為例。華岡農科學報,23,35-60。
吳明隆(2007)。SPSS操作與應用--問卷統計分析實務。台北,五南。
吳明隆(2008)。論文寫作與量化研究。台北,五南。
吳明隆、塗金堂(2007)。SPSS與統計應用分析。台北,五南。
吳淑娟(2010)。高齡學習者日常生活能力、問題解決策略與幸福感關係之研究。國立中正大學成人及繼續教育研究所博士論文,未出版,嘉義。
吳寧遠(2000)。老年人之家庭支持研究--以高雄市為例,於黃松林主編之新臺灣社會發展學術叢書--老人篇。台北:允晨。呂素美(1997)。我們算不算是一家人? -「家人關係問卷」調查分析。學前教育,19(11),6-19。
李勉禛(2010)。老人自由需求符合程度、社會支持與幸福感之相關研究。高雄師範大學輔導與諮商研究所碩士論文,未出版,高雄。
李政賢譯(2011)。正向心理學(原作者:Baumgardner, S. R., &; Crothers, M. K.)。臺北市:五南。(原著出版年:2009)
李昱平(2006)。高雄縣高級中等學校學生靈性健康與生命態度之相關研究。高雄師範大學教育學系碩士論文,未出版,高雄。
李維靈、施建彬、邱翔蘭(2007)。退休老人休閒活動參與及其幸福感之相關研究。人文暨社會科學期刊,3(2), 27-35。
邢占軍(2005)。對主觀幸福感的反思。本土心理學研究,24,301-323。周麗端、唐先梅(2010)。國人家人互動調查結果摘要。2013年3月22日取自http://www.edu.tw/news. aspx?news_sn=3447&;pages=0&;unit_sn=16
周麗端、唐先梅(2011)。樂齡家庭生活與學習調查。教育部委託之專題研究成果報告。台北:教育部。
易之新(譯)(2005)。超個人心理治療:心理治療與靈性的整合(原作者:Cortright, B.)。臺北市:心靈工坊。
易之新,黃璧惠,釋自鼐(譯)(2008)。踏上心靈幽徑-穿越困境的靈性生活指引(原作者:Kornfield, J.)。臺北市:張老師文化。
林松齡(1983)。台中地區老年現象之研究。台中:台中市社會工作研究服務中心。
林美珠(1993)。家庭主婦參與志願服務對家庭關係的影響。東海大學社會工作研究所碩士論文,未出版,台中市。
林惠雅、林麗玲(2008)。青少年知覺之家人關係型態與幸福感。本土心理學研究,30,199-241。林頡翔(2011)。以正向心理觀點探討退休中老年人幸福感及其相關因素之研究。台灣師範大學健康促進與衛生教育學系碩士論文,未出版,台北市。
林麗惠(2012)。老年期的家庭與人際關係:社會支持網絡之觀點。成人及終身教育,40,24-33。
邱莉婷(2011)。高齡學習者面對問題因應方式、社會支持與主觀幸福感關係之研究。,台灣師範大學社會教育學系博士論文,未出版,台北。邱皓政(2006)。量化研究與統計分析-SPSS中文視窗版資料分析範例解析。台北:五南圖書公司。
施建彬(1995)。幸福感來源及其相關因素之探討。私立高雄醫學院行為科學研究所碩士論文,未出版,高雄。
洪晟惠(2009)。中年世代的家庭結構、家人關係與生活滿意度之研究。論文發表於臺灣心理學會所舉辦之「第48屆年會心理學在臺灣的發展:回顧與前瞻」學術研討會,臺北市。洪晟惠(2010)。家庭結構、家人關係與生活滿意度之研究—以中年世代為例。未出版之碩士論文,台灣師範大學人類發展與家庭學系,台北。洪櫻純(2009)。老人靈性健康之開展與模式探尋。台灣師範大學社會教育學系博士論文,未出版,台北。洪蘭(譯)(2012)。邁向圓滿(原作者:Seligman, M.)。臺北市:遠流。(原著出版年:2011)
胡幼慧(1991)。社會流行病學。台北:巨流。胡因夢、劉清彥(譯)(1993)。恩寵與勇氣(原作者: Wilber, K.)。臺北市:張老師。(原著出版年:1991)
范綱華、蕭新煌(2013)。宗教信仰與主觀心理福祉:台港比較,收於楊文山、尹保珊主編之面對挑戰:台灣與香港之比較(頁27‐60)。台北:中央研究院社會學研究所。徐麗君、蔡文輝(1996)。老年社會學—理論與實務。臺北市:巨流。
徐麗明(譯)(2003)。人際歷程心理治療(原作者:Teyber, E.)。臺北市:揚智文化。
祖靜萍(2005)。台北市松年大學學員學習動機與學習滿意度之研究。實踐大學家庭研究與兒童發展研究所碩士論文,未出版,台北市。
高紅英、苗元江(2008)。影響老年人幸福感的因素探析。江西社會科學,11,198-201。
張素紅、楊美賞(1999)。老人寂寞與個人因素、自覺健康狀況、社會支援之相關研究。高雄醫學科學雜誌15(6),337-347。
張淑美(2008)。生命與教育的雙修並練-靈性教育理念與實踐。高雄線圓照寺主辦:97年度全國中小學教師生命教育成長營之「生命教育議題研討文集」(頁118-129),7月6日。(高雄縣:九華圖書社編印)。
教育部(2010.5.27)。溫馨五月孝親的心不停歇。2013年10月8日取自http://epaper.edu.tw/print.aspx?print_type=topical&;print_sn=453&;print_num=411
教育部樂齡學習網(2014a)。101年全國各縣市樂齡學習中心成果統計。2014年4月29日取自https://moe.senioredu.moe.gov.tw/front/bin/ptdetail.phtml?Part=
13050001&;PreView=1
教育部樂齡學習網(2014b)。2011年全國各縣市樂齡學習中心辦理成果的性別統計表。2014年4月2日取自https://moe.senioredu.moe.gov.tw/ezcatfiles/
b001/img/img/289/325606723.pdf
許忠信(2003)。老年人的生活型態、社會疏離感和幸福感之研究。國立高雄師範大學成人教育研究所碩士論文,未出版,高雄。
陳若琳(2005)。解構新世代的家人關係。杏陵天地,14(5),4-6。
陳淑美、林佩萱(2010)。親子世代的財務支援、照顧需要對老人居住安排與生活滿意度影響之研究。住宅學報,19(1),29-58。陳毓茹(2005)。高雄縣市成人宗教態度、家庭支持與幸褔感之關係研究。高雄師範大學成人教育研究所碩士論文,未出版,高雄。
陳鈺萍(2004)。國小教師的幸福感及其相關因素之研究。屏東師範學院國民教育研究所碩士論文,未出版,屏東縣。
陳碧珍(2011)。宗教戒毒歷程中生命轉化與家人關係復和的探究。犯罪學期刊 ,14(2),1-39。陳肇男(1999)。老年三寶:老本、老伴與老友。台北:中央研究院經濟研究所。
陳慧姿(2007)。高中教師靈性健康與幸福感之相關研究-以高雄地區為例。高雄師範大學教育系生命教育碩士專班論文,未出版,高雄市。
陳黛芬(2005)。高齡者生活知能與幸福感相關之研究—以高雄市長青學苑為例。中正大學高齡者教育研究所碩士論文,未出版,嘉義。
陳黛芬(2013)。高齡學習者日常靈性經驗、社會連結與正向情緒關係之研究。中正大學成人及繼續教育研究所博士論文,未出版,嘉義。陳嬿竹(2002)。網路與真實人際關係、人格特質及幸福感之相關研究。屏東師範學院教育心理與輔導研究所碩士論文,未出版,屏東。
陳韻涵、馮克芸(2014.5.29)。南韓社會在全力發展經濟的同時,選擇「犧牲家庭」。聯合報,A1版。
陸洛(1998)。中國人幸福感之內涵、測量及相關因素探討。人文及社會科學,8(1),115-137。
陸洛、陳欣宏(2002)。台灣變遷社會中老人的家庭角色調適及代間關係之初探。應用心理研究,14,221- 249。黃光國(1988)。中國人的權力遊戲。台北:巨流。黃宗堅、謝雨生、周玉慧(2004)。家人關係的測量與分類:以青少年原生家庭成員互動為例。中華心理衛生學刊,46(4), 307-328。黃俐婷(2004)。家庭支持的結構與功能分析。社區發展季刊 ,105,367-381。黃郁婷(1995)。親子溝通、因應方式與老年人幸福感之關係。中國文化大學生活應用科學研究所碩士論文,未出版,台北。
黃國城(2003)。高雄市醫院志工幸福感、死亡態度與生命意義感之相關研究。高雄師範大學成人教育研究所碩士論文,未出版,高雄市。
黃淑貞(2005)。中學生靈性健康與生活壓力相關之研究—以台中地區三所女中為例。輔仁大學教育領導與發展研究所碩士論文,未出版,台北。
黃富順(主編)(2007)。各國高齡教育。台北市:五南。
黃富順(2008)。高齡教育學。臺北市:五南出版社。
黃富順(2012)。高齡心理學。臺北市:師大書苑。黃富順、林麗惠、吳淑娟(2010)。全國老年生活幸福感調查研究。教育部委託之專題研究成果報告。台北:教育部。
黃富順、楊國德(2011)。高齡學。臺北市:五南出版社。
黃惠貞(2003)。某大專院校學生靈性健康、知覺壓力與憂鬱之相關研究。國立臺灣師範大學衛生教育研究所碩士論文,未出版,台北。黃馨萍(2003)。家庭互動規範、互動行為與家人幸福感之關係研究:共享與平等匹配理念之差別效應。屏東師範學院教育心理與輔導學系碩士論文,未出版,屏東市。
楊文山、周玉慧、莊義利(1998)。晚年生活壓力、社會支持與老人身心健康。人文及社會科學集刊,10(2), 227-265。楊素華(2006)。老年人靈性狀態及靈性教育需求之研究。國立高雄師範大學教育學研究所碩士論文,未出版,高雄市
楊國樞(1993)。中國人的社會取向:社會互動的觀點。載於楊國樞、余安邦(主編),中國人的心理與行為-理想與方法篇(1992)(87-142頁。)台北:桂冠圖書公司。楊雅筠(2003)。老年人友誼支持與幸福感之研究-以台北市老人服務中心為例。中國文化大學生活應用科學研究所碩士論文,未出版,台北。
經建會都市及住宅發展處(2012)。推動跨域合作治理,促進區域均衡發展--國家建設總合評估規劃中程計畫。台灣經濟論衡,10(6),7-35。
葉光輝(2000)。家庭共親職互動文化類型之探討。中華心理衛生學刊,13(4),33-76。葉光輝(2004)。現代華人家人的互動關係及其心理歷程。本土心理學研究,22,81-119。董氏基金會(2013)。老人憂鬱症盛行率為各年齡之冠,就診率不到1/10!。2014年6月10日取自http://www.etmh.org/News/NewsDetails.aspx?type=1&;NewId=176
廖梓辰(2002)。家庭人際互動與家庭和諧、幸福感之相關研究。屏東師範學院教育心理與輔導研究所碩士論文,未出版,屏東市。
劉乃瑛(2004)。工作家庭連結、工作家庭衝突、工作滿足、與家人關係的研究,中山大學人力資源管理研究所碩士論文,未出版,高雄市。
劉敏珍(2000)。老年人人際親密、依附風格與幸福感之關係研究。未出版之碩士論文,高雄師範大學成人教育研究所,未出版,高雄市。
劉淑瓊(譯)(2011)。家族治療的靈性療癒(上冊)(原作者:Walsh, F.)。臺北市:五南。(原著出版年:2009)
劉靜軒(2004)。老人社會大學學員智慧與生活滿意度相關之研究,國立中正大學高齡者教育研究所碩士論文,未出版,嘉義。
蔡坤良(2004)。小琉球漁村老人生命意義感、死亡態度與幸福感之研究。未出版之碩士論文,南華大學生死學研究所,嘉義縣。
蔡晶晶、陳若琳(2004)。雙薪家庭幼兒母親對婆婆參與教養正向感受之研究。中華家政學刊,35,61-74。
衛生福利部(2014)。國人平均壽命。2014年6月10日取自www.mohw.gov.tw/MOHW_Upload/doc/民國101年主要死因分析.doc
蕭勝斌(2008)。高齡學習者人格特質、思考風格與智慧關係之研究。國立中正成人及繼續教育所研究所博士論文,未出版,嘉義。蕭雅竹(2003)。護生靈性健康與實習壓力、憂鬱傾向及自覺健康狀態之相關研究。國立台灣師範大學衛生教育研究所博士論文,未出版,台北市。
錢憲民(1996)。快樂的哲學:中國人生哲學史。臺北市:紅葉文化。
謝碧玲(1983)。家人關係。中華百科全書。2013年10月15日取自http://ap6.pccu.edu.tw/Encyclopedia_media/main-usesc.asp?id=5389
羅凱南(2000)。社會支持、人格特質、個人屬性對老人心理幸福滿足影響之研究。國立政治大學心理學系研究所碩士論文,未出版,台北。
羅瑞玉(2009)。 老人靈性需求初探—以屏東地區為例。論文發表於屏東教育大學「南臺灣社會發展」學術研討會論文集,屏東市。
外文部分
Allport, G. W., &; Ross, J. M. (1967). Personal religious orientation and prejudice. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 5, 432-443.
Argyle, M. (2001). The psychology of happiness(2nd Edition). London:Routledge.
Atchley, R. C. (2008). Spirituality, meaning, and the experience of aging. Generations, 32(2), 12–16.
Atchley, R. C. (2009). Spirituality and aging. Baltimore, MD.:Johns Hopkins University Press.
Bahr, H., &; Bahr, K. S. (2001). Families and self-sacrifice:Alternative models and meanings for family theory. Social Forces, 79, 1231-1258.
Bailly, N., Roussiau, N. (2010). The daily spiritual experience scale (DSES):Validation of the short form in an elderly French population. Canadian Journal of Aging, 29(2), 223-231.
Ballew, S. H., Hannum, S. M., Gaines, J. M., Marx, K. A., &; Parrish, J. M. (2011). The role of spiritual experiences and activities in the relationship between chronic illness and psychological well-being. Doctoral Program in Gerontology, University of Maryland, Baltimore and Baltimore County.
Bar-Tur, L., Levy-Shiff, R., &; Burns, A. (1998). Well-being in aging:Mental engagements in elderly men as a moderator of losses. Journal of Aging Studies, 12 (1), 1~17.
Baron, R. M., &; Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator–mediator variable distinction in social psychological research:Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(6), 1173-1182.
Bengtson, V. L., &; Norella, M. P. (2003). Intergenerational relations and the life course in changing times. The international conference on Intergenerational Relations in Family Life Course. Ca:University of Southern California, 1-33.
Bengtson, V. L., &; Roberts, R. E. (1991). Intergenerational solidarity in aging families: An example of formal theory construction. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 53, 856-870.
Berscheid, E., &; Reis, H. T. (1998). Attraction and close relationships. In D. T. Gilbert, S. T. Fiske, &; G. Lindzey (Eds.), The handbook of social psychology (4th ed., Vol. 2, pp. 193–281). New York:McGraw-Hill.
Blieszner, R., &; Bedford, V. H. (Eds.). (1995). Handbook of aging and the family. Westport, CT:Greenwood Press.
Boswell, G. H., Kahana, E., Dilworth-Anderson, P. A. (2006). Spirituality and healthy lifestyle behaviors:Stress counter-balancing effects on the well-being of older adults. Journal of Religion and Health, 45 (4), 587-602.
Bradburn N. M. (1969). The structure of psychological well-being. Chicago: Aldine.
Carstensen, L. L. (1995). Evidence for a life-span theory of socioemotional selectivity. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 4, 151-156.
Chalise, H. N. (2010). Social support and its correlation to loneliness and subjective well-being of Nepalese older adults. Asian Social Work and Policy Review, 4(1), 1-25.
Chiang, H., Chien, L. Lin, J., Yeh, Y., &; Lee, T. S. (2013). Modeling psychological well-being and family relationships among retired older people in Taiwan. International Journal of Mental Health Nursing 22, 93–101
Cohen, A. B. (2002). The importance of spirituality in well-being for Jews and Christians. Journal of Happiness Studies, 3, 287-310.
Connidis, I. A., &; McMullin, J. A. (1993). To have or have not: Parent status and the subjective well-being of older men and women. The Gerontologist, 33(5), 630-636.
Connidis, I. A. (2010). Family ties and aging (2nd ed.). California:Pine Forge Press.
Day, R. D. &; Acock, A. (2013). Marital well-being and religiousness as mediated by relational virtue and equality. Journal of Marriage and Family, 75, 164-177.
Depner, C., &; Ingersoll-Dayton, B. (1985). Conjugal social support:Patterns later life. Journal of Gerontology, 40(6), 761-766.
Diener, E. (1984). Subjective well-being. Psychological Bulletin, 95, 542-575.
Diener, E. (2009). The Science of well-being. New York:Springer.
Diener, E., Emmons, R., Larsen, J., &; Griffin, S. (1985). The satisfaction with life scale. Journal of Personality Assessment, 49(1), 71-75.
Diener, E., Suh, E. M., Lucas, R. E., &; Smith, H. L. (1999). Subjective well-being: Three decades of progress. Psychological Bulletin, 125, 276–302.
Eisenhandler, S. A. (2005). Religion is the finding thing:An Evolving spirituality in late life. Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 45(1/2), 85-103.
Ellison, C. W. (1983). Spiritual well-being:Conceptualization and measurement. Journal of Psychology and Theology ,11(4), 330-340.
Ellison, C. G., Gey, D. A., &; Glass, T. A. (1989). Does religious commitment contribute to individual life satisfaction? Social Force, 68, 100-123.
Ellison, C. G. (1990). Family ties, friendships, and subjective well-being among black Americans. Journal of Marriage and the Family , 52, 298-310.
Ellison, C. G., &; Fan, D. (2008). Daily spiritual experiences and psychological well-being among U. S. adults. Social Indicators Research, 88, 247-271.
Emmons, R. A., Paloutzian, R. F. (2003). The psychology of religion. Annual Reviewed Psychology, 54, 377–402.
Farran, C. J., Fitchett, G., Quiring-Emblen, D. J., &; Burck, J. R. (1989). Model for spiritual assessment and intervention. Journal of Religion and Health, 28(3), 185-195.
Fetzer Institute (1999). National institute on aging working group:Multidimensional measurement of religiousness, spirituality for use in health research. A report of a national working group supported by the Fetzer institute in collaboration with the national institute on aging. Kalamazoo, MI:Fetzer Institute.
Finchman, F. D., &; Beach, S. R. H. (2010). Of memes and marriage:Toward a positive relationship. Journal of FamilyTheory and Review, 2, 4-24.
Fingerman, K. L., &; Charles, S. T. (2010). It takes two to tango: Why older people have the best relationships. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 19(3), 172-176.
Fitzpatrick, M. A. (2004). Family communication patterns theory:Observations on its development and application. The Journal of Family Communication, 4(3&;4), 167–179
Fitzpatrick, M. A., &; Ritchie, L. D. (1993). Communication theory and the family. In P. G. Boss, W. J. Doherty, R. LaRossa, W. R. Schumm, &; S. K. Steinmetz(Eds.), Sourcebook of family theories and methods:A contextual approach (pp.565-585). New York:Plenum Press.
Fitzpatrick, M. A., &; Ritchie, L. D. (1994). Communication schemata within the family: Multiple perspectives on family interaction. Human Communication Research, 20, 275-301.
Fredrickson, B. L., &; Losada, M. F. (2005). Positive affect and the complex dynamics of human flourishing. American Psychologist, 60, 678–686.
Gable, S. L., Gonzaga, G., &; Strachman, A. (2006). Will you be there for me when things go right? Social Support for Positive Events. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 91, 904-917.
Gable, S. &; Gosnell, C. L. (2011). The positive side of close relationships. In K. M. Sheldon, T. B. Kashdan, &; M. F. Stegar(Eds.), Designing positive psychology:Taking stock and moving forward (pp.265-279). New York:Oxford University Press.
Gable, S., Reis, H., Impett, E., &; Asher, E. (2004). What do you do when things go right? The interpersonal and intrapersonal benefits of sharing positive events. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 87(2), 228-245.
Genia, V. (1991). The spiritual experience index:A measure of spiritual maturity. Journal of Religion and Health, 30(4), 337-348.
Ha, J. (2008). Changes in support from confidants, children, and friends following widowhood. Journal of Marriage and Family, 70, 306-318.
Hansen, L. S. (2001). Integrating work, family, and community through holistic life planning. The Career Development Quarterly, 49(3), 261-277.
Headey, B., &; Wearing, A.(1989). Personality, life events, and subjective well-being: Toward a dynamic equilibrium model. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57(4), 731-739.
Hill, P. C., &; Pargament, K. I.(2003) Advances in the conceptualization and measurement of religion and spirituality: Implications for physical and mental health research. American Psychologist, 58, 64-74.
Hinterkopf, E. (1998). Integrating spirituality in counseling: A manual for using the experiential focusing method. New York:American Counseling Association.
Howden, J. W. (1992). Development and psychometric characteristics of the Spirituality Assessment Scale. Dissertation Services, 54(1-B), 166B.
Ingersoll-Dayton, B., Saengtienchai, C., Kespichayawattana, J., &; Aungsuroch, Y. (2001). Psychological well-being Asian style:The perspective of Thai elders. Journal of Cross-Cultural Gerontology, 16, 283-302.
Kahn, R. L., &; Antouncci, T.C. (1980). Convoys over the life courses, attachment, roles and social support. In P. B. Baltes and O. G. Brim (eds.), Life-Span Development and Behavior (pp. 254–283). New York: Academic Press.
Kalkstein, S., &; Tower, R. B. (2009). The daily spiritual experiences scale and well-being: demographic comparisons and scale validation with older Jewish adults and a diverse internet sample. Journal of Religion Health, 48(4), 402-17.
Katz, R. (2009). Intergenerational family relations and life satisfaction among three elderly population groups in transition in the Israeli multi-cultural society. Journal of Cross-Cultural Gerontology, 24(1), 77-91.
Kimble, M., McFadden, S., Ellor, J., &; Seeber, J. (1995). Aging, spirituality and religion. Minneapolis, MN:Fortress Press.
Koesten, J., Schrodt, P., &; Ford, D. J. (2009). Cognitive flexibility as a mediator of family communication environments and young adults’ well-being. Health Communication, 24, 82–94.
Lamdin, L., &; Fugate, M. (1997). Elder learning: New frontier in an aging society. AZ: The Oryx Press.
Lang, F. R., &; Carstensen, L. L. (1994). Close emotional relationships in late life: Further support for proactive aging in the social domain. Psychology and Aging, 9, 315-324.
Larsen, R. J., &; Eid, M. (2008). Ed Diener and the science of subjective well-being. In Eid. M. &; Laser, R. J. (eds.). The Science of Subjective Well-being. New York: The Guilford Press.
Lu, L.(1999). Personal and environmental causes of happiness: A longitudinal analysis. Journal of Social Psychology, 139, 79-90.
Mahoney, A. (2010). Religion in Families, 1999–2009:A relational spirituality framework. Journal of Marriage and Family, 72, 805-827.
McCauley, J., Tarpley, M. J., Haaz, S., & Bartlett, S. J. (2008). Daily spiritual experiences of older adults with and without arthritis and the relationship to health outcomes. Arthritis and Rheumatism ,59, 122-128.
Meezenbroek, E. J., Garssen, B., Berg, M., Dierendonc, D., Visser, A., Schaufeli, W. (2012). Measuring spirituality as a universal human experience:A review of spirituality questionnaires. Journal of Religion and Health , 51 (2), 336-354.
Methrotra, C. M., &; Wagner, L. S. (2009). Aging and diversity:An active learning experience. New York:Taylor &; Francis.
Miller, W. R., &; Thoresen, C. E. (2003). Spirituality, religion, and health. American Psychologist, 58(1), 24-35.
Moberg, D. O. (1990). Spiritual maturity and wholeness in later years. Journal of religious gerontology, 7(1~2), 5–24.
Moberg, D. O. (2008). Spiritual and aging:Research and implications. Journal of Religion, Spirituality and Aging, 20, 95-134.
Moberg, D. O. (2010). Spirituality research:Measuring the immeasurable? Perspectives on Science and Christian Faith, 62(2), 99-114.
Morgan, L. A., &; Kunkel, S. R. (2007). Aging society, and the life course (3rd ed.). New York: Springer publishing company.
Myers, D. G. (1992). The pursuit of happiness: Who is happy-and why. New York: William Morrow.
Myers, D. G., &; Diener, E. (1995). Who is happy. Psychological Science, 6, 10-19.
Myers, D. G. (2000). The funds, friends, and faith of happy people. American Psychologist, 55, 56-67.
National Council on Family Relations (no date). NCFR Fact sheet:Assuring the Future:Family Life Education. 2013.03.15 retrieved from http://www.ncfr.org/sites/default/files/downloads/news/fle_fact_sheet_2011.pdf
Ng, S. M., Ted, C. T., Fong, E., Tsui, Y. L., Friendly, A. Y., &; Law, S. K. W. (2009). Validation of the Chinese version of Underwood’s daily spiritual experience scale--transcending cultural boundaries?Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 16, 91-97.
Patrick, J. H., Cottrell, L. E., &; Barnes, K. A. (2001). Gender, emotional support, and well-being among the rural elderly. Sex Roles, 45, 15-29.
Perrone, K. M., Webb, L. K., Wright, S. L., Jackson, Z. V., &; Ksiazak, T. M. (2006). Relationship of spirituality to work and family roles and life satisfaction among gifted adults. Journal of Mental Health counseling, 28(3), 253-268.
Pezzin, L. E. &; Pollak, R. A., &; Schone, B. S. (2008). Parental marital disruption, family type, and transfers to disabled elderly parents. Journals of Gerontology: Series Social Sciences, 63B, S349-S358.
Ramsey, J. L., &; Blieszner, R. (1999). Spiritual resiliency in older women:Models of strength for challenges through the life span. Thousand Oaks, California:Sage.
Ryan, R. M., &; Deci, E. L. (2000). The darker and brighter sides of human existence: Basic psychological needs as a unifying concept. Psychological Inquiry, 11, 319-338.
Ryff, C. D. (1989). Happiness is everything, or is it?Explorations on the meaning of psychological well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57, 1069–1081.
Ryff, C. D., &; Keyes, C. (1995). The structure of psychological well-being revisited. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 69, 719–727.
Saxena, , S., O’Connel, K. &; Underwood, L. (2002). Cross-cultural quality-of-life assessment at the end of life. Gerontologist, 42, 81-85.
Schrodt, P., Ledbetter, A. M., &; Ohrt, J. K. (2007). Parental confirmation and affection as mediators of family communication patterns and children’s mental well-being. Journal of Family Communication, 7, 23-46.
Schrodt, P. (2009). Family strength and satisfaction as functions of family communication environments. Communication Quarterly, 57(2), 171-186.
Seeber, J. J. (1990). Spiritual maturity in the later years. New York: Haworth Press.
Seifert, L. S. (2002). Toward a psychology of religion, spirituality, meaning-search, and aging:Past research and a practical application. Journal of Adult Development, 9(1), 61–70.
Silverstein, M., &; Giarrusso, R. (2010). Aging and family life:A decade review. Journal of Marriage and Family, 72(5), 1039-1058.
Skarupski, K. A., Fitchett, G., Evans, D.A., &; Mendes de Leon, C. F. (2010). Daily spiritual experiences in a biracial, community-based population of older adults. Aging and Mental Health , 14(7), 779-789.
Thoresen, C. E., &; Harris, A. H. S. (2002). Spirituality and health:What's the evidence and what’s needed?Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 24(1), 3–13.
Thornton, A. (1985). Reciprocal influences of family and religion in a changing world. Journal of marriage and the family, 47(2), 381-394.
Tisdell, E. J. (2008). Spirituality and adult learning. New Directions for Adult and Continuing Education, 199, 27-36.
Ulloa, B. F. L., Møller, V., &; Sousa-Poza, A. (2013). How does subjective well-being evolve with age?A literature review. IZA Discussion Paper, 7328 retrieved from http://ftp.iza.org/dp7328.pdf
Underwood, L. G., &; Teresi, J. A. (2002). The daily spiritual experience scale: Development, theoretical description, reliability, exploratory factor analysis, and preliminary construct validity using health-related data. Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 24(1), 22-33.
Underwood, L. G. (2006). Ordinary spiritual experience:Qualitative research, interpretive guidelines, and population distribution for the daily spiritual experience scale . Archive for the Psychology of Religion, 28, 181-218.
Underwood, L. G. (2011). The daily spiritual experience scale:Overview and results. Religions, 2(1), 29-50.
Underwood, L. G. (2013). Spiritual connection in daily life. West Conshohocken:Templeton.
Walsh, F. (2010). Families in later life:Challenges, opportunities, and resilience. In B. Carter &; M. McGoldrick (Eds.), The expanded family life cycle (4th ed.). Needham Heights, MA: Allyn &; Bacon.
Watkins, D. R. (2009). Spiritual formation of older persons. Journal of Religion, Spirituality and Aging, 21, 7-16.
Westgate, C. E. (1996). Spiritual wellness and depression. Journal of Counseling and Development, 75, 26-35.
Whitbeck, L. B., Hoyt, D. R., &; Tyler, K. A. (2001). Family relationship histories, intergenerational relationship quality, and depressive affect among rural elderly people. The Journal of Applied Gerontology, 20(2), 214-229.
Wilcox, W. B., &; Wolfinger, N. H. (2008). Living and loving "decent":Religion and relationship quality among urban parents. Social Science Research, 37, 828-848.
Wills, E. (2009). Spirituality and subjective well-being:Evidences for a new domain in the personal well-being index. Journal of Happiness Studies,10(1), 49-69.
Worthington, E. L., Jr. (1989). Religious faith across the lifespan:Implications for counseling and research. Counseling Psychologist, 17, 555-612.
Wright, L . M . , Watson, W. L., &; Bell, J. M. (1996). Beliefs:The heart of healing in families and illness. New York:Basic Books.
Yoon, D. P. (2006). Factors affecting subjective well-being for rural elderly individuals:The importance of spirituality, religiousness, and social support. Journal of Religion &; Spirituality in Social Work, 25(2), 59-75.