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題名:幼兒多元文化教育課程設計與實踐之個案研究
作者:黃文娟
作者(外文):HUANG,WEN-CHUAN
校院名稱:國立高雄師範大學
系所名稱:教育學系
指導教授:方徳隆
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2019
主題關鍵詞:幼兒多元文化教育多元文化課程childrenmulticultural educationmulticultural curriculum
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本研究採以個案研究法與質性研究的文本分析,探究一位私立幼兒園教師在多元文化教育課程實踐中的自我覺察歷程。課程實施對象為年滿五歲就讀於私立幼兒園大班的幼兒,包括不同性別、族群、社會階層、特殊生等。課程設計採複合論多元文化主義觀點取向,並以促進幼兒在人際關係與群體關係兩面向的技巧為教學策略,協助幼兒發展自我肯定,並幫助幼兒學習理解差異,發展尊重並欣賞他人的態度,同理他人想法,並與他人合作,以達幼兒多元文化教育目標。
研究結果從幼兒多元文化教育課程實踐的歷程來說,包括: (一)教師應該幫助幼兒克服對差異帶來的不適反應(二)提問式教育是幼兒多元文化教育的實踐(三)在平等開放的學習環境,可以展現幼兒的獨特性(四)透過合作創作能促進幼兒進行人際互動(五)幼兒面對差異的態度受教師深刻影響(六)幼兒多元文化教育教師應更重視潛在課程的影響 (七)幼兒多元文化教育也是一種生活教育
(八)豐富的文化情境是多元文化教育不可或缺的。
從教師對教學的反思來說,包括:(一)以教師為中心的教育觀不利實踐多元文化教育課程(二)平等開放、互助關懷的班級氣氛是實踐幼兒多元文化教育課程的關鍵(三) 幼兒多元文化教育課程必須建立在師生平等的關係下進行(四)觀察反思有助於教師自我教學意識和師生權力關係的覺醒(五)教師從自我意識覺醒到教學實踐需要更多的外在助力。
根據上述本研究之綜合結論,結合我的行動省思為未來的幼兒多元文化課程設計與實踐提出建議。
This qualitative case study used textual analysis to explore the self-awareness of a private kindergarten teacher, in the practice of multicultural education. The curriculum of this private kindergarten targeted children over the age of five, consisting of different genders, ethnic groups and social classes, as well as special needs students. The curriculum design adopted a pluralist-multiculturalism perspective which aimed to promote children's interpersonal relationship and group relationship skills.These teaching strategies aimed to help young children develop self-affirmation and understand differences through respect and appreciation of attitudes among their peers. Young children were encouraged to share ideas and work together to achieve a multicultural learning environment.
Results from this research suggests that: (1) Teachers should help children overcome the discomfort caused by differences among peers, (2) problem-posing teaching could be the key to the practice of multicultural education, (3) equality in the learning environment can highlight the uniqueness of individuals, (4) teachers should promote interpersonal interaction through collaborative creation among students, (5) children’s appreciation toward their differences are deeply influenced by teachers attitudes, (6) preschool multicultural education teachers should pay more attention to the influence of potential teaching courses, (7) multicultural education can be seen as a kind of life education, and (8) rich cultural situations are indispensable in multicultural education.
The participating teacher's self-reflection are that: (1) teacher-centered educational concepts are an unfavorable practice for a multicultural education curriculum, (2) an atmosphere of equality, openness, and mutual care in the classroom is the key to the practice of multicultural education, (3) the cultural education curriculum must be established under the relationship of the teacher's life and beyond, (4) observation and self-reflection can promote teachers’ self-awareness of their role in their teaching environment, (5) teachers need support from colleagues and their teaching institution to implement improvements in their teaching practice.
Based on the conclusions of this case study, combined with my active participation in this learning environment, I provide suggestions for the design and practice of a future multicultural curriculum for kindergarten children.
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