王船山的歷史思想具有相當的哲學深度及極深刻的歷史意，深值吾人全面而深入地研究，將其豐富而深刻的價?和意義加以適切地揭示。 然而要如何才能適切地揭示呢？ 筆者發現若不具備相當全面的歷史意識與文化涵養──亦即若不能全面揭示相關理念的文獻義、歷史義、哲學義，那麼往往會在解讀的過程中，或因不當的預設，或囿於某一學科的專業侷限，或忽略中史學研究特有的經史交融的傳統，或不加反省套用西方歷史哲學的標準為批評依據……等原因，而造成對問題誤解而不自覺。 本文限於篇幅，並不對船山歷史思想作全面研究，而係籍著勞思光先生對船山理、勢觀的某些不合理的詮釋作一再分析、再反省；在扣緊中國史學經史交融的特性上，透過對相關文獻的重新理解與詮釋，將船山歷史思想的理、勢觀念與哲學思想的天人合一，以及踐仁知天的實踐進路相貫通，提出本人認為較適當、合理的詮釋，以期揭示船山歷史思想的真義。此外，並藉此一案例，印證診釋學方法論中所強調的重要技巧之一──「全面的前把握」，實為避免偏見的必要步驟之一。

　　　　　Confucian scholar Wang Chuanshan's idea of history has philosophical profundity and is worth careful study today. With the aim to reassess its rich meanings and contemporary values, this paper focuses on discussing the appropriate interpretative approaches to Wang Chuanshan's writings, and then by referring to Wang Chuanshan's writings, and then by referring to Mr. Lao Siguang's study, it offers a new view on Wang's ideas. In the first part, the paper argues that there are various causes, which would result in a misinterpretation of Wang's views. the most important of all is that the interpreter lacks historical insight and an adequate understanding of Chinese culture, and consequently, the interpreter is unable to comprehend fully the textual, historical and philosophical meanings of Wang's writings. In the second part, the paper reconsiders Wang Cdhuanshan's theroy of the relation between li (pattern-principle) and shi (historical trend), arguing that contemporary Chinese scholar Lao Siguang's interpretation of Wang's ideas is debatable. The author believes that the new interpretation offered in this paper is helpful to achieve a real understanding of the meanings of Wang's historical thinking. The paper finally contends that the above discussion has illustrated that to have a "comprehensive pre-understanding" -the important methodological technique of hermeneutics-is a necessary step to avoid prejudice in intellectual inquiry.