《醫心方》是日本現存最古老的醫書，由平安朝(794-1183)鍼博士丹波康賴(912-995)於982年撰成。全書摘錄當時在日本之中國醫藥方書兩百餘種，卻無引言凡例以敘其著作旨趣。本文比較《醫心方》第二十一至二十四卷的內容及其所徵引之中國醫書，推敲日本中世紀醫者對於婦人健康問題之特殊觀點。全文首先介紹《醫心方》的編纂與流傳；其次分析《醫心方》中「任婦月禁脈圖」為例，說明丹波康賴對《產經》之倚重；最末則指出《醫心方》的臨床實用性，以及日本偏重胎產的婦人方傳統。在為「中國醫學日本化」的研究史提供個案的同時，也驚覺中國以「經帶胎產」理解女性身體健康以形成婦產專科的歷史，有其特殊而非必然的一面。

Ishinpo is the oldest extant medical work in Japan. It was edited by Tanba Yasuyori (912-995), an imperial doctor of the Heian period (794-1183), who cited medical theories and technologies from over two hundred Chinese texts introduced into Japan up until his time and put them into thirty volumes without any foreword to explain his ideas and categorization of medicine. This article compares Volumes 21 to 24 of Ishinpo with the Chinese texts from which Tanba drew his excerpts to analyze the different conceptualizations of women’s health problems between this Japanese doctor and his Chinese predecessors, It first introduces the history of compilation and transmission of Ishinpo, and then discusses different views concerning the origins of women’s diseases between Ishinpo and several Chinese texts it quoted. A detailed examination of a set of pictures that indicated taboo points of acupuncture and moxibustion for pregnant women is followed. These pictures came from Chanjing (Canon for Childbirth), on which Tanba relied more heavily than any other Chinese medical work in his four volumes on women. The conclusion then points out the practice-oriented characteristics of medieval Japanese medicine and Tanba’s primary concern over childbirth, in contrast to the menstruation-based conceptualization of women’s health issues in Chinese medicine.