:::

詳目顯示

回上一頁
題名:在國家權力與家族主義之間:企業控制與臺灣大型企業間網絡再探
書刊名:臺灣社會學
作者:李宗榮 引用關係
作者(外文):Lee, Zong-rong
出版日期:2007
卷期:13
頁次:頁173-242
主題關鍵詞:國家權力家族主義企業間網絡企業控制State powerChinese familismIntercorporate networksCorporate control
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
相關次數:
  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(27) 博士論文(3) 專書(0) 專書論文(3)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:21
  • 共同引用共同引用:773
  • 點閱點閱:122
在台灣,公部門事業與民間企業之間的股權與董監事網絡,一直是個影響市場活動的重要組織治理結構。然而其具體運作與形成根源卻被學者所忽略;既有解釋台灣市場發展的兩大理論(以強調強勢國家模型為核心的政治論、以及以華人家族主義為主的網絡論),對此展示了理論與經驗研究上的空白。本文嘗試重新挖掘與分析這個被忽視的經驗現象、確認這個既有理論典範之外的經驗異態(anomaly)、並探討其形成以及轉變如何受強勢的制度權力與社會結構所影響。本文以制度論的分析架構來解釋台灣大型企業股權與董監事網絡的形成,並形成對企業總體網絡的性質與結構的研究假設。透過分析台灣的公部門事業與民間上市公司之間的股權與董監事網絡的形成,考察國家與家族主義的因素如何一起影響台灣大型企業網絡的形成。透過1960 年代末與1990 年代末兩個時間點的資料分析,本文探討國家權力如何透過三種組織間網絡機制,而得以控制市場行動者、考察這個公、民間網絡結構的內在特性、追溯其形成的歷史條件並建立初步的類型學、探討國家與民間企業在整體網絡中的相對位置,並比較台灣的企業董監網絡與西方主要工業國家的差異。最後並透過對企業轉投資網絡活動的統計分析,來展現這種由公部門強勢主導的網絡結構對市場行動者的影響。本文的主要論點是統治權力的控制律令、以及家族文化的延續慣習,總鑲嵌在看似經濟理性卻承載著制度與文化傳統的企業組織關係中,而社會學家唯有考察組織所鑲嵌的社會文化與制度因素,才能掌握企業組織的演變與運作緣由。藉著這種視角才能適當的理解這種攸關台灣企業經濟權力與策略統理機構的成型與演變。文末並討論在企業組織研究、發展理論與經濟社會學上的研究意涵。
Situated within the research context of corporate control, this study investigates the extent to which the intercorporate networks of big businesses in Taiwan are influenced by state intervention and the persistent practice of Chinese familism. This study begins by developing an institutionalist approach to market governance through integrating the control imperative of state power into the framework of intercorporate network analysis, and accordingly, derives hypotheses that are tested with empirical analyses. This paper argues that corporate control is exercised through relational measures that the institutional authority seeking dominance can utilize. By tracing the strategized relations between the institutional authority and corporate actors, it is possible to comprehend how market dominance is maintained via affiliational actions in particular historical conjunctures. This paper then provides a historical survey of the investment portfolios of major, state-owned firms; identifies the underlying networking patterns, and explains three intercorporate mechanisms through which control may be exercised. Empirical analyses of intercorporate networks in 125 major state-owned and private firms during late 1990s reveal that both prominent state power and the cultural practice of Chinese familism are at work: While the particularistic guanxi networking generates a localized tendency of group formation, it is the overlapping participation of state-owned firms that eventually linked the provincial clusters of private firms together on a global level. This feature has resulted in the tendency of state-owned firms to occupy dominant network positions and engendered a network construction distinctively different from those in major industrialized economies. A dyadic statistical analysis of equity alliances among 77 major, private firms further demonstrates the structural constraints that this politicized market interface may impose upon corporate activities. Overall, analyses from this study discover empirical manifestations inimical to existing theories about Taiwan's market development. Implications for organization studies, the development state literature, and broader research contexts are discussed.
期刊論文
1.Lie, John(1997)。Sociology of Markets。Annual Review of Sociology,23,341-360。  new window
2.Scott, John(1991)。Networks of Corporate Power: A Comparative Assessment。Annual Review of Sociology,17,181-203。  new window
3.Mizruchi, Mark S.(1993)。Cohesion, Equivalence, and Similarity of Behavior: A Theoretical and Empirical Assessment。Social Networks,15(3),275-307。  new window
4.Krueger, Anne O.(1990)。Government Failures in Development。The Journal of Economic Perspectives,4(3),9-23。  new window
5.Baum, J. A. C.、Oliver, C.(1991)。Institutional Linkages and Organization mortality。Administrative Science Quarterly,36,187-218。  new window
6.劉韻僖(20021000)。上市公司間董事會連結之研究。管理學報,19(5),901-926。new window  延伸查詢new window
7.Aguilera, Ruth V.、Jackson, Gregory(2003)。The Cross-national Diversity of Corporate Governance: Dimensions and Determinants。Academy of Management Review,28(3),447-465。  new window
8.Evans, Peter B.(1989)。Predatory, Developmental, and Other Apparatuses: A Comparative Political Economy Perspective on the Third World State。Sociological Forum,4(4),561-587。  new window
9.Krackhardt, D.(1988)。Predicting with networks: Nonparametric multiple regression analysis of dyadic data。Social networks,10,359-381。  new window
10.Mizruchi, M. S.(1996)。What do interlocks do? An analysis, critique, and assessment of research on interlocking directorates。Annual Review of Sociology,22(1),271-298。  new window
11.Podolny, Joel M.、Page, Karen L.(1998)。Network Forms of Organization。Annual Review of Sociology,24(1),57-76。  new window
12.Fernandez, R. M.、Gould, R. V.(1994)。A dilemma of state power: Brokerage and influence in the national health policy domain。American Journal of Sociology,99(6),1455-1491。  new window
13.Bonacich, P.(1987)。Power and Centrality: A family of Measures。American Journal of Sociology,92,1170-1182。  new window
14.Podolny, Joel M.(1993)。A Status-based Model of Market Competition。American Journal of Sociology,98(4),829-872。  new window
15.王振寰(19930300)。臺灣新政商關係的形成與政治轉型。臺灣社會研究,14,123-163。new window  延伸查詢new window
16.馬黛、詹傑仲、胡德中(20021200)。政府干預股市的理論與實證分析:臺灣股市的護盤實例。財務金融學刊,10(3),107-145。new window  延伸查詢new window
17.Amsden, Alice H.(1979)。Taiwan's Economic History: A Case of Etatisme and a Challenge to Dependency Theory。Modern China,5(3),341-379。  new window
18.Luo, Xiao-Wei、Chung, Chi-Nien(2005)。Keeping It All in the Family: The Role of Particularistic Relationships in Business Group Performance during Institutional Transition。Administrative Science Quarterly,50(3),404-439。  new window
19.Chung, Chi-Nien(2006)。Beyond Guanxi: Network Contingencies in Taiwanese Business Groups。Organization Studies,27(4),461-489。  new window
20.Burris, Val(2005)。Interlocking Directorates and Political Cohesion among Corporate Elites。American Journal of Sociology,111(1),249-283。  new window
21.Burt, Ronald S.(1987)。Social Contagion and Innovation: Cohesion versus Structural Equivalence。American Journal of Sociology,92(6),1287-1335。  new window
22.Numazaki, Ichiro(1986)。Networks of Taiwanese Big Business: A Preliminary Analysis。Modern China,12(4),487-534。  new window
23.Hamilton, G. G.、Biggart, N. W.(1988)。Market, Culture, Authority: a Comparative Analysis of Management and Organization in the Far East。American Journal of Sociology,94(Supplement),52-94。  new window
24.Hamilton, G. G.、Kao, C. S.(1990)。The Institutional Foundations of Chinese Business: The Family Firm in Taiwan。Comparative Social Research,12(1),135-151。  new window
25.White, Harrison C.、Boorman, Scott A.、Breiger, Ronald L.(1976)。Social structure from multiple networks: I Blockmodels of roles and positions。American Journal of Sociology,81(4),730-780。  new window
26.Baum, Joel A. C.、Oliver, Christine(1992)。Institutional Embeddedness and the Dynamics of Organizational Populations。American Sociological Review,57(4),540-559。  new window
27.Fligstein, Neil(1996)。Markets as Politics: A Political-Cultural Approach to Market Institutions。American Sociological Review,61(4),656-673。  new window
28.Meyer, J. W.、Rowan, B.(1977)。Institutional organizations: Formal structure as myth and ceremony。American Journal of Sociology,83(2),340-363。  new window
29.DiMaggio, Paul J.、Powell, Walter W.(1983)。The Iron Cage Revisited: Institutional Isomorphism and Collective Rationality in Organizational Fields。American Sociological Review,48(2),147-160。  new window
30.陳東升(20000600)。創新、創業與臺灣積體電路產業組織網絡的動態發展:創業投資公司網絡介面角色的探討。國立臺灣大學社會學刊,28,1+3-64。new window  延伸查詢new window
31.Chibber, Vivek(2002)。Bureaucratic Rationality and the Developmental State。American Journal of Sociology,107(4),951-989。  new window
32.Krueger, Anne O.(1974)。The Political Economy of the Rent-Seeking Society。American Economic Review,64(3),291-303。  new window
33.Gould, R. V.、Fernandez, R. M.(1989)。Structures of Mediation: A Formal Approach to Brokerage in Transaction Networks。Sociological Methodology,19,89-126。  new window
34.Krackhardt, David(1987)。QAP Partialling as a Test of Spuriousness。Social Networks,9(2),171-186。  new window
35.Wong, Siu-Lun(1985)。The Chinese Family Firm: A Model。British Journal of Sociology,36(1),58-72。  new window
36.Granovetter, Mark S.(1985)。Economic Action and Social Structure: The Problem of Embeddedness。American Journal of Sociology,91(3),481-510。  new window
37.王振寰(19950200)。國家機器與臺灣石化業的發展。臺灣社會研究季刊,18,1-37。new window  延伸查詢new window
38.劉韻僖、葉匡時(1998)。企業監控之研究。經濟情勢暨評論,5(1),1-22。  延伸查詢new window
39.梁永煌(1989)。國民黨壟斷金融事業總清算。財訊,92,60-63。  延伸查詢new window
40.劉國修、吳紀中(2005)。辜仲瑩一手好牌,為何越打越辛苦?。商業周刊,906,96-104。  延伸查詢new window
41.刁曼蓬(2006)。開發金控難逃財團爭食的宿命?。天下雜誌,344,36-38。  延伸查詢new window
42.施常熟(1985)。銀行董事監事傳奇-退休官員、地方政客與企業家合譜的樂章。財訊,42,52-59。  延伸查詢new window
43.Cao, Yang、倪志偉(2000)。Comments: Controversies and Evidence in the Market Transition Debate。American Journal of Sociology,105(4),1175-1189。  new window
44.Fligstein, Neil、Sweet, Alec Stone(2002)。Constructing Polities and Markets: An Institutionalist Account of European Integration。American Journal of Sociology,107(5),1206-1243。  new window
45.Chen, Tun-Jen(1989)。Democratization of a Quasi-Leninist Regime in Taiwan。World Politics,41(4),471-499。  new window
46.Lincoln, J. R.、Gerlach, M.、Ahmadjian, C.(1998)。Evolving Patterns of Keiretsu Organization and Action in Japan。Research in Organizational Behavior,20,307-343。  new window
47.Kadushin, Charles(1995)。Friendship among the French Financial Elite。American Sociological Review,60(2),202-221。  new window
48.Roy, William G.、Bonacich, Phillip(1988)。Interlocking Directorates and Communities of Interest among American Railroad Companies, 1905。American Sociological Review,53(3),368-379。  new window
49.Mariolis, P.(1975)。Interlocking Directorates and Control of Corporations。Social Science Quarterly,56,425-439。  new window
50.Glasberg, Davita Silfen、Schwartz, Michael(1983)。Ownership and Control of Corporations。Annual Review of Sociology,9,311-332。  new window
51.Barkey, Karen(1991)。Rebellious Alliances: The State and Peasant Unrest in Early Seventeenth-Century France and the Ottoman Empire。American Sociological Review,56(6),699-715。  new window
52.Todeva, Emanuela、Knoke, David(2002)。Strategic Alliances and Corporate Social Capital。Kölner Zeitschrift für Soziologie und Sozialpsychologie,Sonderheft 42,345-380。  new window
53.Davis, Gerald F.(1994)。The Corporate Elite and the Politics of Corporate Control。Current Perspective in Social Theory,1,215-238。  new window
54.Ansell, Chris(2000)。The Networked Polity: Regional Development in Western Europe。Governance: An International Journal of Policy and Administration,13(2),303-333。  new window
55.Kogut, Bruce、Walker, Gordon(2001)。The Small World of Germany and the Durability of National Networks。American Sociological Review,66(3),317-335。  new window
56.Fligstein, Neil、Feeland, Robert(1995)。Theoretical and Comparative Perspectives on Corporate Organization。Annual Review of Sociology,21,21-43。  new window
會議論文
1.Fields, K. J.(1998)。KMT, Inc. Party Capitalism in a Developmental State。0。  new window
2.Lee, Zong-Rong(2004)。Institutional Embeddedness and the Formation of Alliance Networks: A Longitudinal Study。0。  new window
學位論文
1.李澤澄(1997)。臺灣證券市場之權力運作,沒有紀錄。  延伸查詢new window
2.李宗榮(1994)。國家與金融資本:威權侍從主義下國民黨政權銀行政策的形成與轉型(碩士論文)。東海大學。  延伸查詢new window
3.邱麗珍(1997)。國民黨黨營經濟事業發展歷史之研究(1945-1996)(碩士論文)。臺灣大學,臺北。  延伸查詢new window
4.Gold, Thomas B.(1981)。Dependent Development in Taiwan(博士論文)。Harvard University。  new window
5.陳大在(1972)。臺灣的資金結構與利率,0。  延伸查詢new window
6.陳兆勇(1996)。從銀行放款行為看臺灣金融雙元性,0。  延伸查詢new window
7.饒芳綾(2000)。我國集團企業進入特許行業之合作關係分析,0。  延伸查詢new window
8.黃宗昊(2001)。臺灣股票市場的政治經濟分析,0。  延伸查詢new window
9.Numazaki, I.(1992)。Networks and Partnerships: The Social Organization of the Chinese Elite in Taiwan(-)。Michigan State University。  new window
10.吳泉源(1992)。The Politics of Financial Development in Taiwan,0。  new window
11.鍾基年(2000)。Markets, Culture and Institutions: The Formation and Transformation of Business Groups in Taiwan, 1960S-1990S,0。  new window
12.李宗榮(2005)。The Tertius State: Corporate Control under State Power and Intercorporate Affiliations,0。  new window
圖書
1.Windolf, Paul(2002)。Corporate Networks in Europe and the United States。New York, NY:Oxford University Press。  new window
2.Haggard, Stephan、Maxfield, Sylvia、Schneider, Ben R.(1997)。Theories of Business and Business-State Relations。Business and the State in Developing Countries。Ithaca, NY:Cornell University Press。  new window
3.Mintz, Beth、Schwartz, Michael(1985)。The Power Structure of American Business。Chicago, Illinois:University of Chicago Press。  new window
4.Mizruchi, Mark S.(1982)。The American Corporate Corporate Network: 1904-1974。Beverly Hills, CA:Sage。  new window
5.Heinz, J.、Laumann, E.、Nelson, R.、Salisbury, R.(1993)。The Hollow Core: Private Interests in National Policy-Making。Cambridge, MA:Harvard University Press。  new window
6.Scott, James(1997)。Corporate Business and Capitalist Classes。New York, NY/ Oxford, UK:Oxford University Press。  new window
7.Mizruchi, Mark S.(1992)。The structure of corporate political action: Interfirm relations and their consequences。Cambridge, MA:Harvard University Press。  new window
8.Campbell, John L.、Hollingsworth, J. Rogers、Lindberg, Leon N.(1991)。Governance of the American Economy。Cambridge University Press。  new window
9.Simmel, Georg(1955)。Conflict; The Web of Group-affiliations。Conflict; The Web of Group-affiliations。New York, NY:Free Press。  new window
10.Fields, Karl J.(1995)。Enterprise and the State in Korea and Taiwan。Cornell University Press。  new window
11.Zysman, John(1983)。Governments, Markets, and Growth: Financial Systems and the Politics of Industrial Change。Ithaca:Cornell University Press。  new window
12.Roe, Mark J.(1994)。Strong Managers, Weak Owners: The political Roots of American Corporate Finance。Princeton, NJ:Princeton University Press。  new window
13.梁永煌、田習如(2000)。拍賣國民黨:黨產大清算。臺北:財訊出版社。  延伸查詢new window
14.Wasserman, Stanley、Faust, Katherine(1994)。Social Network Analysis: Methods and Applications。Cambridge University Press。  new window
15.Herman, E. S.(1981)。Corporate control, corporate power; A Twentieth Century Fund study。New York:Cambridge University Press。  new window
16.Gerlach, Michael L.(1992)。Alliance Capitalism: The Social Organization of Japanese Business。Berkeley, CA:University of California Press。  new window
17.Long, J. Scott(1997)。Regression Models for Categorical and Limited Dependent Variables。Sage Publications。  new window
18.Weber, Max、Henderson, A. M.、Parsons, Talcott(1947)。Max Weber: the theory of social and economic organization。Oxford University Press。  new window
19.Burt, Ronald S.(1992)。Structural Holes. Cambridge。Cambridge, MA:Harvard University Press。  new window
20.段承璞(1994)。台灣戰後經濟。台北:人間出版社。  延伸查詢new window
21.Fligstein, N.(2001)。The Architecture of Markets: An Economic Sociology of Twenty-First-Century Capitalist Societies。Princeton, NJ:Princeton University Press。  new window
22.Winckler, Edwin A.、Greenhalgh, Susan(1988)。Contending Approaches to the Political Economy of Taiwan。M. E. Sharpe。  new window
23.蕭新煌(1989)。壟斷與剝削:威權主義的政治經濟分析。臺北:臺灣研究基金會。  延伸查詢new window
24.Chu, Yun-han(1992)。Crafting Democracy in Taiwan。Taipei:Institute for National Policy Research。  new window
25.陳師孟、林忠正、朱敬一、施俊吉、劉錦添、張清溪(19920000)。解構黨國資本主義 : 論臺灣官營事業之民營化。臺北:自立晚報。new window  延伸查詢new window
26.Wade, Robert H.(1990)。Governing the Market: Economic Theory and the Role of Government in East Asian Industrialization。Princeton, New Jersey:Princeton University Press。  new window
27.Evans, Peter B.(1995)。Embedded Autonomy: States and Industrial Transformation。Princeton, New Jersey:Princeton University Press。  new window
28.Migdal, Joel S.(1988)。Strong Societies and Weak States. State-Society Relations and State Capabilities in the Third World。Princeton University Press。  new window
29.Pfeffer, Jeffrey、Salancik, Gerald R.(2003)。The External Control of Organizations: A Resource Dependence Perspective。Stanford University Press。  new window
30.劉進慶、王宏仁、林繼文、李明俊漢(19920000)。臺灣戰後經濟分析。臺北:人間。new window  延伸查詢new window
31.Burt, Ronald S.(2005)。Brokerage and Closure: An Introduction to Social Capital。Oxford University Press。  new window
32.Simmel, Georg、Wolff, Kurt H.(1950)。The Sociology of Georg Simmel。Free Press。  new window
33.Kuhn, Thomas Samuel(1970)。The Structure of Scientific Revolutions。University of Chicago Press。  new window
34.王振寰(1996)。誰統治台灣?轉型中的國家機器與權力結構。巨流。new window  延伸查詢new window
35.Borgatti, Stephen P.、Everett, Martin G.、Freeman, Linton C.(2002)。UCINET for windows: Software for social network analysis。Analytic Technologies。  new window
36.吳若予(19920000)。戰後臺灣公營事業之政經分析。臺北:業強出版社。new window  延伸查詢new window
37.Johnson, Chalmers(1982)。MITI and the Japanese Miracle: The Growth of Industrial Policy, 1925-1975。Stanford University Press。  new window
38.中華徵信所(1971)。臺灣區年度壹百家最大民營企業。臺灣區年度壹百家最大民營企業。臺北市。  延伸查詢new window
39.中華徵信所(1976)。中華民國最大民營企業。中華民國最大民營企業。臺北市。  延伸查詢new window
40.Stokman, F. N.、Ziegler, R.、Scott, J.(1984)。Networks of Corporate Power: A Comparative Analysis of Ten Countries。Networks of Corporate Power: A Comparative Analysis of Ten Countries。New York, NY。  new window
41.Barkey, Karen(1994)。Bandits and Bureaucrats: The Ottoman Route to State Centralization。Bandits and Bureaucrats: The Ottoman Route to State Centralization。Ithaca, NY。  new window
42.Yoshino, Michael Y.、Rangan, U. Srinivasa(1995)。Strategic Alliances。Strategic Alliances。Boston, MA。  new window
43.Roy, William G.(1997)。Socializing Capital: The Rise of the Large Industrial Corporation in America。Princeton, NJ:Princeton University Press。  new window
44.許嘉棟、郭平欣(1985)。我國銀行資金配置效率分析。臺灣的金融發展。臺北市。  延伸查詢new window
45.李國鼎(1976)。臺灣民營工業的發展。臺灣工業發展論文集。臺北市。  延伸查詢new window
46.DiMaggio, Paul(1983)。State Expansion and Organizational Fields。Organizational Theory and Public Policy。Beverly Hills, CA。  new window
47.Scott, J.(1985)。Theoretical Framework and Research Design。Networks of Corporate Power: A Comparative Analysis of Ten Countries。Cambridge, UK。  new window
48.Schwartz, Michael、Mizruchi, Mark S.(1987)。The Structural Analysis of Business: An Emerging Field。Intercorporate Relations: The Structural Analysis of Business。Cambridge, UK。  new window
49.Winckler, Edwin A.(1988)。Elite Political Struggle, 1945-1985。Contending Approaches to the Political Economy of Taiwan。Armonk, NY。  new window
50.Schneider, Ben Ross、Maxfield, Sylvia(1997)。Business, the State, and Economic Performance in Developing Countries。Business and the State in Developing Counters。Ithaca, NY。  new window
51.Fields, Karl(1997)。Strong State and Business Organization in Korea and Taiwan。Business and the State in Developing Countries。Ithaca, NY。  new window
其他
1.(1969)。中央銀行年報,臺北市。  延伸查詢new window
圖書論文
1.Granovetter, Mark(2002)。A Theoretical Agenda for Economic Sociology。New Economic Sociology: Developments in an Emerging Field。New York:Russell Sage Foundation。  new window
2.Powell, Walter W.、Smith-Doerr, Laurel(1994)。Networks and Economic Life。The Handbook of Economic Sociology。New York:Russell Sage Foundation。  new window
3.Hage, Jerald、Alter, Catherine(1997)。A Typology of Interorganizational Relationships and Networks。Contemporary Capitalism: The Embeddedness of Institutions。Cambridge:Cambridge University Press。  new window
4.Gold, Thomas B.(1988)。Colonial Origins of Taiwanese Capitalism。Contending Approaches to the Political Economy of Taiwan。Armonk, New York:M.E. Sharpe。  new window
5.Nee, Victor、Ingram, Paul(1998)。Embeddedness and Beyond: Institutions Exchange and Social Structure。The New Institutionalism in Sociology。New York:Russell Sage Foundation。  new window
6.Williamson, Oliver E.(1994)。Transaction Cost Economics and Organization Theory。The Handbook of Economic Sociology。Princeton, NJ:New York:Princeton University Press:Russell Sage Foundation。  new window
7.Cheng, Tun-jen(1993)。Guarding the Commanding Heights: The State as Banker in Taiwan。The Politics of Finance in Developing Countries。Ithaca, N.Y.:Cornell University Press。  new window
8.Hamilton, Gary G.(1997)。Organization and Market Processes in Taiwan's Capitalist Economy。The Economic Organization of East Asian Capitalism。Thousand Oaks, CA:Sage。  new window
9.Simon, Denis Fred(1988)。External Incorporation and Internal Reform。Contending Approaches to the Political Economy of Taiwan。Armonk, New York:M. E. Sharpe, Inc。  new window
10.Skocpol, Theda(1985)。Bring the State Back in: Strategies of Analysis in Current Research。Bringing the State Back In。Cambridge:Cambridge University Press。  new window
11.Amsden, Alice H.(1985)。The State and Taiwan's Economic Development。Bringing the State Back In。Cambridge, MA:Cambridge University Press。  new window
12.Gold, Thomas B.(1988)。Entrepreneurs, Multinationals, and the State。Contending Approaches to the Political Economy of Taiwan。Armonk, New York:M. E. Sharpe, Inc.。  new window
13.Greenhalgy, Susan(1988)。Families and Networks in Taiwan's Economic Development。Contending Approaches to the Political Economy of Taiwan。M. E. Sharpe。  new window
 
 
 
 
第一頁 上一頁 下一頁 最後一頁 top
:::
無相關著作
 
QR Code
QRCODE