This paper selects the Elixir Daoisms frost postwar Taiwan and examines how they adapt to the social changes in modern society. Following the Kuomintang (KMT) government to Taiwan in 1949, each master in charge of these Daoist groups respectively undertakes the task of spreading their religions, making sure that their transmission lines will not be interrupted. Politically speaking, they are all under difficult conditions of the time. They all have to be very cautious about recruiting practitioners and transmitting religious traditions under the pressures of the KMT and the government. Same of them actively cooperate with the government, while some of them do not. As a result, the outcome differs greatly. Some of them succeed in transmitting their professional knowledge widely, resulting in the founding of sew religious associations in the process of modernization. Some of them can only hand or then traditions in a secret manner, maintaining the ancient master-disciple transmission model. The other challenge these Daoist groups face is the impact of science. Since the May Fourth period, Daoist groups snob as Xian Xue (仙學) and Tins Di Jiao (天帝教) has already tried to pass dawn their teachings by scientific languages. Kunlun Xian Zung (崑崙仙宗) and Huang Lon Dan Yuan (黃龍丹院) in Taiwan also attempt to combine scientific knowledge with elixir Daoist practices. As a matter of fact, in the second end the third generation, many Daoist masters actually interpret traditional Daoist scripts in scientific terms, transforming the private-transmitted systems into public ones, and hence introducing Daoist traditions into modem life. To conclude, each Daoist master has his own way of coping with the impacts of politics and science; sod how the Daoist tradition is transmitted depends mare or lesson the master's judgment. The master's decision in turn shapes barb the nature and scale of each individual Daoist group. This is anew chapter is the history of Elixir Daoism, telling stories of success created by each Daoist group outside the Chinese mainland.