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題名:日治公學校國語教科書裡的性別操演
書刊名:興大人文學報
作者:鄭昱蘋
作者(外文):Cheng, Yu-ping
出版日期:2011
卷期:46
頁次:頁95-126
主題關鍵詞:底層女性公學校性別操演殖民話語國語教科書Females at the bottom social levelPublic schoolsGender performativityWords of colonizersTextbook
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(1) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
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  • 共同引用共同引用:492
  • 點閱點閱:64
在國族、種族、父權的大論述下,日治時期的台灣女性是三重階級意識下的底層人民。檢視漢人所就讀的公學校五期國語科教材中解析那段殖民歷史下,日本殖民主是如何在公權力的知識論述中去操演男性對女性的刻板形象。以性別為題目的教材裡頭,隱含著男性殖民主對這塊土地上性別刻板印象的再深化。課文中所選材的日本男性以及日本女性,被編輯者神格化與美化,是帝國者作為性別上、種族上、國族上,純良高貴於台灣人民的殖民意識。而台灣男子作為殖民地上的下層者、勞動者,要為帝國經濟實業努力打拼。殖民地上最底層的人民就是台灣女性,殖民話語中的她們被圈在家庭裡、錮在封建思想裡,安身認命、三從四德。殖民主的男性借用公權力創造女性神話的合法論述,透過教育方式讓台灣學童從對母親的依賴信任轉而對日本國族的認同,也透過孩童對母親的依戀提醒男童,喜歡母親、孝順母親,就該聽從母親的話,做個大日本帝國現代實業的勞動者,效忠日本天皇的愛國者。編輯者藉由日本男性、台灣男性、日本女性、台灣女性,四種人物來操演性別議題。在面對以男性為主的公學校教材,不管設計者(男)或接收者(男和女)顯然都被動去接受父權所建構的性別社會。只是當這群台灣女孩和男孩在閱讀這些以父權為中心思維的課文時,也只是再次深鑿父權符號下性別的刻板印象而已。
Under grand discourses of nation, race, and patriarchy, Taiwanese females living in the Japanese colonial era were rendered as the people at the bottom social level under the triple-class consciousness. The author observes teaching material in the fifth issue of the textbook of Mandarin-which was used in public schools where Han people studied. Based on the teaching material, she analyzes how in the history of that colonization period, the Japanese colonial master, through the knowledge discourse of the public authority, performed the stereotype that males acted towards females.The content of the teaching material where gender was used as a topic implies that the male colonial masters deepened the gender stereotype on the land. Japanese males and females who were chosen as a part of the content of the text were apotheosized and glorified by the editor, and the imperialist used them as the colonial consciousness that was pure, delicate, grand, and noble in terms of gender, race, and nation. On the other hand, Taiwanese males were at the bottom social level and were laborers of the colony, having to work hard for the economic industries of the empire.Taiwanese females were the people at the lowest social level of the colony, and from the words of the colonizers, they were trapped in their families and imprisoned in stale and old-fashioned thoughts-they settled, resigned to fate, and followed three rules about females' acts towards males and wifely virtue. Male colonial masters used the public power for creating a legalized discourse of female myths, and by means of education, they made Taiwanese school kids turn their dependence and trust towards their mothers to the recognition of the nation, Japan, as well as reminding children to like and show filial obedience for their mothers by means of their attachments towards the mothers. The Japanese males, as a result of carrying out their methods towards Taiwanese children, felt that the children should listen to their mothers by being laborers of the contemporary industries of the Great Empire of Japan, and patriots who pledged loyalty to the emperor of Japan.The editor performed the gender issue through the use of four types of characters: Japanese males and females and Taiwanese males and females. It is apparent that both recipients (males and females) and the designer of the teaching material of the public schools (male) were passively accepting the gender society constructed by the patriarchy when they confronted the teaching material that males were taken as the principal figures in the society. It is simply that the gender stereotype imprinted with symbols of the patriarchy was merely re-deepened in Taiwanese girls and boys when this group of Taiwanese girls and boys read the text that centered thoughts on patriarchy.
期刊論文
1.周婉窈(20041200)。寫實與規範之間--公學校國語讀本插畫中的臺灣人形象。臺大歷史學報,34,87-147。new window  延伸查詢new window
2.魏德文(20031200)。從重刊《日治時期臺灣公學校與國民學校國語讀本》看教材印製史與景印始末記。臺灣教育史研究會通訊,30,29-39。  延伸查詢new window
3.歐用生(19791200)。日據時代臺灣公學校課程之研究。臺南師專學報,12,87-111。  延伸查詢new window
會議論文
1.蔡錦堂(1993)。日本據臺初期公學校「國語」教科書之分析。中國與亞洲國家關係史學術研討會。臺北:私立淡江大學歷史學系。238-289。  延伸查詢new window
學位論文
1.許佩賢(1994)。塑造殖民地少國民:日據時期臺灣公學校教科書之分析(碩士論文)。國立臺灣大學。  延伸查詢new window
2.陳虹文(2000)。日本殖民統治下台灣教育政策之研究--以公學校國語教科書內容分析為例。  延伸查詢new window
圖書
1.De Beauvoir, Simone(1992)。第二性。第二性。臺北市:志文出版社。  延伸查詢new window
2.李園會(2005)。日據時期台灣教育史。台北:臺南市:國立編譯館:復文出版社。  延伸查詢new window
3.陳培豐、王興安、鳳氣至純平(2006)。「同化」の同床異夢:日治時期臺灣的語言政策、近代化與認同。臺北市:麥田出版社。new window  延伸查詢new window
4.陳碧奎、張瑞雄、張良澤(1997)。高座海軍工廠臺灣少年工寫真帖。臺北市:前衛出版社。  延伸查詢new window
5.河合敦、劉錦秀(2005)。日本史圖解。臺北:商周。  延伸查詢new window
6.顧燕翎(20000000)。女性主義理論與流派。臺北市:女書文化事業有限公司。new window  延伸查詢new window
7.中村孝志、卞鳳奎(2002)。中村孝志教授論文集--日本南進政策與臺灣。臺北:稻鄉。  延伸查詢new window
8.臺灣總督府(1919)。公學校修身書卷五卷六編纂趣意書。臺北:臺灣總督府。  延伸查詢new window
9.呂理州(1994)。明治維新:日本邁向現代化的歷程。遠流出版社。  延伸查詢new window
10.教育部(2000)。國民中小學九年一貫課程綱要綜合活動學習領域。  延伸查詢new window
11.劉崇稜(1982)。日本文學概論。臺北。  延伸查詢new window
12.河合敦、陳念雍(2006)。圖解鎌艙‧室町時代。臺北。  延伸查詢new window
13.武光誠、黃琳雅(2009)。圖解日本戰國時代。臺北。  延伸查詢new window
14.河合敦、黃秋鳳(2009)。圖解江戶時代。臺北。  延伸查詢new window
其他
1.(2010),http://www.welcome2japan.hk/arrange/attractions/facilities/traditional_handicrafts/9009.html), 20100402。  new window
2.(2010),http://miko.org/~uraki/kuon/furu/text/dainihonsi/dns224.htm, 20100412。  new window
3.,http://sotokufu.sinica.edu.tw/sotokufu/topic/database/topic/07/topic07.html, 20100424。  new window
圖書論文
1.周婉窈、許佩賢(2003)。臺灣公學校與國民學校國語讀本總解說:制度沿革、教科和教科書。日治時期臺灣公學校與國民學校國語讀本:解說.總目錄.索引。臺北:南天書局。  延伸查詢new window
 
 
 
 
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