:::

詳目顯示

回上一頁
題名:朝貢制度與歷史想像:兩百年來的中國與坎巨堤(1761~1963)
書刊名:中央研究院近代史研究所集刊
作者:林孝庭
作者(外文):Lin, Hsiao-ting
出版日期:2011
卷期:74
頁次:頁41-82
主題關鍵詞:朝貢制度藩屬坎巨堤費正清中國世界秩序Tributary systemKanjutJohn K. FairbankKashmirChinese world order
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
相關次數:
  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(6) 博士論文(2) 專書(1) 專書論文(0)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:6
  • 共同引用共同引用:45
  • 點閱點閱:59
摘 要 本文採「領土譜系」研究途徑,探討1761 至1963 年間,中國與中 亞喀什米爾坎巨堤之間的關係,並針對近世中國所謂「朝貢體制」,提 出不同面向的理解。本研究處理中國不同歷史階段(盛清、晚清、民國、 二次戰後中國、中華人民共和國)坎巨堤與中國的關係,探討坎巨堤從 不被盛清朝廷正式承認為內藩或朝貢國地位的土邦,逐漸轉化成為傳統 歷史藩屬之一部,最後在民國時期被中國內地官民「想像」成為一塊「已 喪失」於帝國主義侵略下的邊疆領土,亟待收復。本文顯示,帝國時期 的「朝貢體系」,不論就其精神或實踐層面,並未隨著帝國秩序的瓦解 而停止運作,清王朝結束後,仍繼續在近代中國政治與外交舞台上扮演 一定角色,並成為解決、或者製造問題的途徑之一。從中、坎歷史關係 探索中,吾人亦得知晚清官員對於「藩部」或「屬國」概念的理解,與 其說是來自其對帝國傳統朝貢制度之信仰,不如說是來自其與英、俄等西方強權交往互動的經驗法則。而十九世紀中葉以來,英帝國主義者將 「主權」和「宗主權」等觀念引入外交領域,藉以與清廷交涉之餘,重 新開啟闡釋中國傳統帝國主權與領土權的契機,並將此一新的詮釋運用 於彼此外交關係的實踐當中,以謀取各自最大的利益。
Abstract This article examines China’s relations with the Central Asian tribal state of Kanjut (also called Hunza) over two centuries. Employing a territorial genealogical approach, this research explores how Kanjut, not initially recognized during the high Qing as an inner dependency or vassal, was gradually re-conceptualized by the Qing court as a historical tributary protectorate, and then in the Republican and Nationalist eras became known as a “lost territory” ripe for restoration. It also argues that the tributary system was not a dynastic legacy that ceased to function after 1911; rather, it was an instrument of political expediency that continued to be used in the post-imperial era. In a sense, this research offers a new way of thinking about what the “tribute system” might really have been: a nineteenth and twentieth century reinterpretation of an older form of symbolically asymmetric interstate relations (common in one form or another throughout many parts of Asia). This reinterpretation was strongly informed by English-language terminology and formulations, including “suzerainty” and the mistranslation of “gong” as “tribute” itself, and by the ways that both Britain and China manipulated the terminology in seeking to further their territorial, diplomatic, and strategic interests.
期刊論文
1.Crossley, Pamela(1997)。Review of Cherishing Men from Afar: Qing Guest Ritual and the Macartney Embassy of 1793。Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies,57(2),597-611。  new window
2.James A. Millward(1993)。The Qing Silk-Horse Trade with the Qazaqs in Yili and Tarbaghatai,1758-1853。Central and Inner Asian Studies,7,1-42。  new window
3.Joseph Fletcher。Ch'ing Inner Asia c. 1800。The Cambridge History of China,10(1),37-38。  new window
4.Nicola Di Cosmo(1998)。Qing Colonial Administration in Inner Asian。The International History Review,20(2),287-309。  new window
5.Hendrik Spruyt(2006)。Genealogy, Territorial Acquisition and the Capitalist State。International Politics,43(5),511-518。  new window
6.W. M. Dobell(1964)。Ramification of the China-Pakistan Border Treaty。Pacific Affairs,37(3),288-289。  new window
7.徐國琦(1994)。略論費正清。美國研究,1994(2),73-95。  延伸查詢new window
8.Nyman, Lars-Erik(1991)。Sinkiang 1934-1943: Dark Decade for a Pivotal Puppet。Cahiers du monde russe et soviétique,32(1),97-105。  new window
會議論文
1.廖敏淑(2009)。1871年以前清朝與“互市國”日本的關係。中國社會科學院近代史研究所青年學術論壇(2007年度),中國社會科學院近代史研究所編 。北京:社會科學文獻出版社。122-142。  延伸查詢new window
圖書
1.王之春、趙春晨(1989)。清朝柔遠記。北京:中華書局。  延伸查詢new window
2.Kim, Key-Hiuk(1980)。The Last Phase of the East Asian World Order。Berkeley:University of California Press。  new window
3.陳慧生、陳超(1999)。民國新疆史。烏魯木齊:新疆人民出版社。  延伸查詢new window
4.John Keay(1990)。The Gilgit Game: The Explorers of the Western Himalayas, 1865-95。Karachi:Oxford University Press。  new window
5.John E. Wills(1984)。Embassies and Illusions: Dutch and Portuguese Envoys to Kang-hsi, 1666-1687。Cambridge:Harvard University Press。  new window
6.John Clark(1956)。Hunza: Lost Kingdom of the Himalayas。Karachi:Funk & Wagnalls。  new window
7.Janet Rizvi(1999)。Trans-Himalayan Caravans: Merchant Princes and Peasant Traders in Ladakh。New Delhi:Oxford University Press。  new window
8.Barbara Mons(1958)。High Road to Hunza。London:The Travel Book Club。  new window
9.British Government of India, comp.(1909)。A Collection of Treaties, Engagements and Sanads: Relating to India And Neighbouring Countries。Calcutta:Government of India。  new window
10.Newby, Laura J.(2005)。The Empire and the Khanate: A Political History of Qing Relations with Khoqand, c.1760-1860。Brill。  new window
11.Suisheng Zhao(1997)。Power Competition in East Asia: From the Old Chinese World Order to Post-Cold War Regional Multipolarity。New York:Palgrave Macmillan。  new window
12.Shahid Hamid(1979)。Karakuram Hunza: The Land of Just Enough。Karachi:Ma'aref Limited。  new window
13.Stefano Bianca(2006)。Karakoram: Hidden Treasures in the Northern Areas of Pakistan。Turin, Italy:Umberto Allemandi。  new window
14.Dorothy Woodman(1969)。Himalayan Frontiers: A Political Review of British, Chinese, Indian and Russian Rivalries。London:Barrie and Rockcliff。  new window
15.Mohomed Nazim Khan。The Autobiography of Sir Mohomed Nazim Khan, K.C.I.E., Mir of Hunza。  new window
16.Martin Evans(2010)。Securing the Indian Frontier in Central Asia: Confrontation and Negotiation, 1865-1895。London:Routledge。  new window
17.Mujtaba Razvi(1971)。The Frontiers of Pakistan: A Study of Frontier Problems in Pakistan's Foreign Policy。Karachi-Dacca:National Publishing House。  new window
18.Irmtraud M-Stellrecht(1978)。Hunza und China (1761-1891): 130 Jahre einer Beziehung und ihre Bedeutung für die wirtschaftliche und politische Entwicklung Hunzas im 18 und 19 Jahrhundert。Wiesbaden:Steiner。  new window
19.Clarmont P. Skrine(1926)。Chinese Central Asia。London:Houghton Mifflin。  new window
20.Christian Tyler(2004)。Wild West China: The Taming of Xinjiang。New Brunswick:Rutgers University Press。  new window
21.Chiang Kai-shek Diaries(19471211)。Hoover Institution Archives。Stanford University。  new window
22.Anthony Verrier(1991)。Francis Younghusband and the Great Game。London:Jonathan Cape。  new window
23.(1888)。Translation of the Peking Gazette for 1887。Shanghai:North China Herald。  new window
24.(1896)。Translation ofthe Peking Gazette for 1895。Shanghai:The North China Herald。  new window
25.張其昀(1964)。中華民國標準地圖。台北:中國地學研究所。  延伸查詢new window
26.王樹枏、王學曾(1923)。新疆圖志。天津:東方學會。  延伸查詢new window
27.和珅(1897)。大清一統志。杭州:竹簡齋石印。  延伸查詢new window
28.祁韻士(1966)。西陲要略。台北:台灣商務印書館。  延伸查詢new window
29.中國社會科學院中國邊疆史地研究中心(1988)。清代理藩院資料輯錄--嘉慶朝《大清會典》中的理藩院資料。北京:全國圖書館文獻縮微複製中心。  延伸查詢new window
30.穆彰阿、潘錫恩(1935)。嘉慶重修統一志。上海:商務印書館。  延伸查詢new window
31.托津(2004)。欽定回疆則例。香港:蝠池書院出版有限公司。  延伸查詢new window
32.紀大樁(2002)。新疆近世史論稿。哈爾濱:黑龍江教育出版社。  延伸查詢new window
33.勒德洪(1986)。清德宗實錄。北京:中華書局。  延伸查詢new window
34.許建英(2004)。近代英國和中國新疆(1840-1911)。哈爾濱:黑龍江教育出版社。  延伸查詢new window
35.宋伯魯(1963)。新疆建置志。台北:台灣商務印書館。  延伸查詢new window
36.鍾鏞(1963)。西疆交涉志要。臺北:台灣商務印書館。  延伸查詢new window
37.李信成(1993)。楊增新在新疆。台北:國史館。  延伸查詢new window
38.蔣君章(1936)。新疆經營論。南京:正中書局。  延伸查詢new window
39.華企雲(1933)。中國邊疆。南京:新亞細亞學會。  延伸查詢new window
40.許崇灝(1943)。新疆誌略。重慶:正中書局。  延伸查詢new window
41.李寰(1944)。新疆研究。重慶:重慶印書局。  延伸查詢new window
42.金德洋(1967)。邊疆增建行省。台北:軍用圖書公司。  延伸查詢new window
43.(1960)。中華人民共和國分省地圖。北京:中國地圖出版社。  延伸查詢new window
44.羅家倫(1989)。羅家倫先生文存。台北:中國國民黨黨史委員會。  延伸查詢new window
45.劉海藩(2005)。中華人民共和國國史全鑒--外交卷。北京:中央文獻出版社。  延伸查詢new window
46.林良光、葉正佳、韓華(2001)。當代中國與南亞國家關係。北京:社會科學文獻出版社。  延伸查詢new window
47.郭寄嶠(1970)。邊疆政策之研究。台北:蒙藏委員會。  延伸查詢new window
48.郭寄嶠(1970)。邊疆與國防。台北:中央文物供應社。  延伸查詢new window
49.濱下武志(1990)。近代中国の国際的契機:朝貢貿易システムと近代アジア。東京:東京大学出版会。  延伸查詢new window
50.孫福坤(1952)。蘇聯掠奪新疆紀實。九龍:自由出版社。  延伸查詢new window
51.Hevia, James Louis(1995)。Cherishing Men From Afar: Qing Guest Ritual and the Macartney Embassy of 1793。Duke University Press。  new window
52.Fairbank, John K.(1968)。The Chinese World Order。Cambridge, Mass:Harvard University Press。  new window
53.Womack, Brantly(2006)。China and Vietnam: The Politics of Asymmetry。Cambridge University Press。  new window
54.王樹枏、袁同禮(1963)。新疆國界圖志。臺北。  延伸查詢new window
55.Forbes, Andrew D. W.(1986)。Warlords and Muslims in Chinese Central Asia: A Political History of Republican Sinkiang, 1911-1949。Cambridge University Press。  new window
56.Millward, James A.(2007)。Eurasian Crossroads: A History of Xinjiang。London:Hurst。  new window
57.Meyer, Karl E.、Brysac, Shareen Blair(1999)。Tournament of Shadows: The Great Game and the Race for Empire in Central Asia。Washington:Counterpoint。  new window
58.Fravel, M. T.(2008)。Strong Borders, Secure Nation: Cooperation and Conflict in China's Territorial Disputes。New Jersey:Princeton University Press。  new window
59.魏源、韓錫鐸、孫文良(1984)。聖武記。北京:中華書局。  延伸查詢new window
60.Smith, Paul Jakov、Von Glahn, Richard(2003)。The Song- Yuan-Ming Transition in Chinese History。Harvard University Press。  new window
61.Bartelson, Jens(1995)。A Genealogy of Sovereignty。Cambridge University Press。  new window
62.吳紹璘(1933)。新疆概觀。南京:仁聲印書局。  延伸查詢new window
63.馬汝珩、馬大正(1994)。清代的邊疆政策。北京:中國社會科學出版社。  延伸查詢new window
64.Hostetler, Laura(2001)。Qing Colonial Enterprise: Ethnography and Cartography in Early Modern China。Chicago:The University of Chicago Press。  new window
65.Faure, David、Siu, Helen F.(1995)。Down to Earth: the Territorial Bond in South China。Stanford University Press。  new window
66.Perdue, Peter C.(2005)。China Marches West: The Qing Conquest of Central Eurasia。Belknap Press of Harvard University Press。  new window
67.張啟雄(19950000)。外蒙主權歸屬交涉:1911-1916。臺北:中央研究院近代史研究所。new window  延伸查詢new window
68.林恩顯(19880000)。清朝在新疆的漢回隔離政策。臺北:臺灣商務印書館。new window  延伸查詢new window
69.Millward, James A.(1998)。Beyond the Pass: Economy, Ethnicity, and Empire in Qing Central Asia, 1759-1864。Stanford University Press。  new window
70.Anderson, Benedict(1991)。Imagined Communities: Reflections on the Origin and Spread of Nationalism。Verso。  new window
71.趙爾巽、啟功(1977)。清史稿。北京:中華書局。  延伸查詢new window
72.楊策、彭武麟(1999)。中國近代民族關係史。北京:中央民族大學出版社。  延伸查詢new window
73.Hopkirk,Peter(1990)。The Great Game :The Struggle for Empire in Central Asia。London:John Murray。  new window
74.Ispahani, Mahnaz Z(1989)。Roads and Rivals: The Political Uses of Access in the Borderlands of Asia。Roads and Rivals: The Political Uses of Access in the Borderlands of Asia。Ithaca:Cornell University Press。  new window
75.Soucek, Svat(2000)。A History of Inner Asia。Cambridge:Cambridge University Press。  new window
圖書論文
1.John King Fairbank(1978)。Introduction: The Old Order。The Cambridge History of China: Vol. 10, Late Ch'ing, 1800-1911, Part 1。Cambridge:Harvard University Press。  new window
2.Laura Newby(1996)。Xinjiang: In Search of an Identity。Unity and Diversity: Local Cultures and Identities in China。Hong Kong:Hong Kong University Press。  new window
3.岩井茂樹(2007)。清代の互市と「沉默外交」。中國東アジア外交交流史の研究。京都:京都大學學術出版會。  延伸查詢new window
4.廖敏淑(2010)。從清越通商交涉看清朝的外政運作機制。近代中國:政治與外交。北京:社會科學文獻出版社。  延伸查詢new window
5.莊吉發(2004)。清高宗兩定準噶爾始末。清史論集。台北:文史哲出版社。  延伸查詢new window
6.薛福成(1973)。庸菴文編。近代中國史料叢刊。台北:文海出版社。  延伸查詢new window
7.(1970)。陶模奏為籌辦邊防應需轉運等項經費請旨飭部立案恭摺。陶模新疆奏稿。台北:學生書局。  延伸查詢new window
8.(19471229)。駐印度大使館代電呈坎王原函。新疆卷。  延伸查詢new window
9.(19470925)。駐迪化張治中主任電外交部。新疆卷。  延伸查詢new window
10.(19470929)。駐喀什整編四十二師師長兼新疆警備副總司令趙錫光電外交部。新疆卷。  延伸查詢new window
11.(19470924)。外交部亞西司簽呈。新疆卷。  延伸查詢new window
12.(19471011)。外交部呈蔣中正主席。新疆卷。  延伸查詢new window
13.(19471017)。外交部電西北行轅。新疆卷。  延伸查詢new window
14.(19471018)。外交部電喀什噶爾警備司令部。新疆卷。  延伸查詢new window
15.(19471105)。西北行轅張治中主任電外交部長王世杰。新疆卷。  延伸查詢new window
16.(19471127)。新疆警備總司令宋希濂電外交部駐新疆特派員轉呈外交部。新疆卷。  延伸查詢new window
17.(19471204)。外交部長王世杰簽呈蔣中正主席。新疆卷。  延伸查詢new window
18.(19471212)。國民政府代函外交部。新疆卷。  延伸查詢new window
19.(19471222)。外交部電令駐新疆特派員劉澤榮。新疆卷。  延伸查詢new window
20.(19480112)。駐新疆特派員劉澤榮電外交部。新疆卷。  延伸查詢new window
21.(19471224)。駐新疆特派員劉澤榮電外交部。新疆卷。  延伸查詢new window
22.(19471226)。外交部電令駐印度大使館。新疆卷。  延伸查詢new window
23.(19471227)。外交部電令駐新疆特派員劉澤榮。新疆卷。  延伸查詢new window
24.(19480121)。外交部致駐聯合國安理會中國代表團。新疆卷。  延伸查詢new window
25.(19480124)。國民政府致外交部代電。新疆卷。  延伸查詢new window
26.(19480211)。外交部呈蔣中正主席。新疆卷。  延伸查詢new window
27.(19480401)。西北行轅主任張治中電外交部。新疆卷。  延伸查詢new window
28.(19480505)。駐新疆特派員劉澤榮呈外交部,並轉西北行轅及趙副總司令函文。新疆卷。  延伸查詢new window
29.(19480905)。西北行轅函外交部。新疆卷。  延伸查詢new window
30.(19480921)。外交部亞西司說帖。新疆卷。  延伸查詢new window
31.(19480803)。西北行轅電外交部。新疆卷。  延伸查詢new window
32.(19481002)。駐新疆特派員劉澤榮電外交部。新疆卷。  延伸查詢new window
33.孫子和(1989)。中共與印度邊界衝突之研究。西藏研究論集。台北:台灣商務印書館。  延伸查詢new window
 
 
 
 
第一頁 上一頁 下一頁 最後一頁 top
:::
無相關著作
 
QR Code
QRCODE