Developed since high antiquity, the concept of 'dietary prohibition' has had a special place in Chinese medicine. Gradually throughout history, most diseases developed their corresponding dietary prohibitions. By studying 'feverish disease,' a category of disease that was widespread in the Ch’in and Han dynasties, this article discusses the evolution of the concept of dietary prohibitions: how the concept was transformed from persuasions and dissuasions for keeping in good health to become a medical theory. 'Feverish disease' is a category that actually includes various contagious diseases now classified and separately named. In ancient times, diseases were classified and generally known only as a single disease in the typology of diseases, which consequently formed a huge and jumbled system for classifying diseases. Therefore, examining the symptoms of feverish disease and the connection between treatment and dietary prohibitions will help us understand how knowledge on dietary prohibitions was developed and accumulated. Clarifying the orientation of knowledge about dietary prohibitions in the history of Chinese medicine in the Ch'in and Han dynasties is the most important aspect of this article. In this article, it is assumed that the development of knowledge about dietary prohibitions was built upon experience and guided by a theoretical construct. Our preliminary study shows that the theory of dietary prohibitions in the Ch'in and Han dynasties can be categorized into three overlapping and interlinking phases. At first the notion of dietary prohibitions was recorded in the documents on keeping in good health. As time went on, each prohibition was categorized by medical theory and thus the knowledge construct became systematic. Finally, each disease developed its corresponding dietary restriction, remedy and materia medica, which then forms a pedigree of prohibition. These three interpenetrating but distinguishable phases evolve one after another and co-exist in the medical treatment and social culture. We can say that the notion of dietary prohibitions not only represents a distinct concept in medical treatment, but shows by implication the ideas that the Chinese people held on the relationship between diet and disease and the observations that Chinese people made about the body through everyday practice.