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題名:修身與治國--蔣介石的省克生活
書刊名:國史館館刊
作者:黃克武 引用關係
作者(外文):Huang, Ko-wu
出版日期:2012
卷期:34
頁次:頁45-68
主題關鍵詞:省克宋明理學基督教記憶夢境Self-reflection and self-controlNeo-confucianismChristianityMnemonicsDreams
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(3) 博士論文(3) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:3
  • 共同引用共同引用:157
  • 點閱點閱:49
近年來隨著《蔣介石日記》等相關史料的出版,揭露了他以往不為人知的私人生活與內心世界。其中,《蔣中正總統五記》一書中的「省克記」是屬於蔣氏自我反省的相關記載,這些史料反映了蔣介石如何修身,以及其修身思想與治國理念之間的關係。本文分析蔣介石的省克思想的淵源與實踐。蔣氏省克思想一方面源自所研習的宋明理學,另一方面也受到基督教靈修的影響。蔣介石幾乎每日都進行對於個人道德缺失的反省活動、包括個人心性修養和知識、行事等方面的缺失。他藉由中國傳統「功過格」的悔罪方法,以及一套細緻有效的記憶術,反覆提醒自己,吸取失敗經驗以自新。此外,蔣氏的省克對象還包括夜晚的夢境,及其反映出心中的恐懼與期待。蔣氏之省克生活顯示他是一個道德感很深,且責任心很重的人。此一人格特質與思想傾向,是他能成就一生事業的重要因素,並對1949年之後,以「倫理」來搭配五四運動所揭櫫的「民主」與「科學」,作為中華民國國家建構之基礎,有著深遠的影響。
With the opening of Chiang Kai-shek's diary and publication of related materials such as President Chiang Kai-shek's Five Records (Jiang Zhongzheng zongtong wuji), we are amply helped to understand the details of his private life and its relations to his public behavior. This paper uses ”Xingkeji” (the Record of Self-Reflection and Self-Control) in the ”Wuji” as the major source for analyzing the origins of his xingke ideas and practices. Chiang's notion of xingke was based on two foundations: his Neo-Confucianism and his Christian background. Under the influences of Neo-Confucian self-cultivation and Christian introspection, Chiang examined his moral flaws and other serious malpractices. He adopted a traditional Chinese way of correcting oneself known as ”the evaluation of merits and demerits”(gongguoge). Besides, he also developed and used persistently a meticulous and effective mnemonics to remind himself of lessons of failure for self-improvement. Furthermore, Chiang's xingke included the dreams that he had as reflections of his daily expectations and fears. All of these practices reveal very probably that he was quite an introspective, moral, and responsible person. These traits and practices seemingly aided his career. After 1949, as President, his character also had a deep influence on the Republic of China in Taiwan, as be added ”ethics” to the twin objectives of ”democracy and science” as advocated by May Fourth scholars as the most basic principles to construct a modern Chinese state.
Other
1.美國史丹佛大學胡佛研究所藏。蔣介石日記。  延伸查詢new window
2.呂芳上、黃克武訪問,楚崧秋口述(2001)。楚崧秋先生訪問紀錄。  延伸查詢new window
3.秦孝儀主編(1984)。先總統蔣公思想言論總集。  延伸查詢new window
4.高素蘭等編註(2003)。蔣中正總統檔案--事略稿本。  延伸查詢new window
5.梁啟超(1979)。德育鑑。  延伸查詢new window
6.蔣中正(1971)。國父一百晉三誕辰暨文化復興節紀念大會致詞。  延伸查詢new window
7.謝覺哉(1989)。六十自訟。  延伸查詢new window
8.黃克武、張哲嘉編(2000)。公與私--近代中國個體與群體的重建。  延伸查詢new window
9.Metzger, Thomas A.(1977)。Escape from the Predicament: Neo-Confucianism and China’s Evolving Political Culture。  new window
10.Spence, Jonathan D.(1988)。The Memory Palace of Matteo Ricci。  new window
11.Wu, Pei-yi(1990)。The Confucian’s Progress: Autobiographical Writings in Traditional China。  new window
12.王汎森(2004)。日譜與明末清初思想家。  延伸查詢new window
13.呂芳上(20110627-2)。一宿雖有哭泣 晨起便必歡呼--蔣中正日記反映的「失敗文化」。  延伸查詢new window
14.徐復觀(19561101)。我所了解的蔣總統的一面。  延伸查詢new window
15.狹間直樹(199805)。關於梁啟超稱頌『王學』問題。  延伸查詢new window
16.陸寶千(1986)。蔣中正先生對王陽明與基督教之綰合。  延伸查詢new window
17.黃克武(2011)。蔣介石與梁啟超。  延伸查詢new window
18.楊天石(2005)。宋明道學與蔣介石早年的個人修身。  延伸查詢new window
19.羅敏(2011)。蔣介石筆下之情愛世界。  延伸查詢new window
20.Andrew Nathan(20110616)。The Counter-Revolutionaries。  new window
期刊論文
1.呂芳上(20000400)。痛定思痛:戰後中國國民黨改造的醞釀(一九四七-一九五〇)。近代中國,136,53-80。  延伸查詢new window
2.劉維開(20080500)。蔣中正對1949年失敗的檢討--以演講為中心的探討。國立政治大學歷史學報,29,85-125。new window  延伸查詢new window
圖書
1.蔣中正、秦孝儀(1981)。先總統蔣公嘉言總輯。臺北:中國國民黨中央委員會黨史委員會。  延伸查詢new window
2.黃自進、潘光哲(2011)。省克記。臺北:國史館。  延伸查詢new window
3.黃克武(2006)。一個被放棄的選擇:梁啟超調適思想之研究。中央研究院近代史研究所。new window  延伸查詢new window
4.王奇生、呂芳上(2011)。蔣介石的親情、愛情與友情。臺北:時報文化。  延伸查詢new window
5.蔣中正(1957)。蘇俄在中國:中國與俄共三十年經歷紀要。臺北:中央文物供應社。  延伸查詢new window
6.Eberhard, Wolfram(1967)。Guilt and Sin in Traditional China。Berkeley。  new window
7.Taylor, Jay(2009)。The Generalissimo: Chiang Kai-shek and the Struggle for Modern China。The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press。  new window
8.黃自進、潘光哲(2011)。蔣中正總統五記:學記。國史館。  延伸查詢new window
9.黎靖德、王星賢(1988)。朱子語類。中華書局。  延伸查詢new window
10.Taylor, Jay、林添貴(2010)。蔣介石與現代中國的奮鬥。時報。  延伸查詢new window
11.呂妙芬(20110000)。孝治天下:《孝經》與近世中國的政治與文化。臺北:中央研究院。new window  延伸查詢new window
圖書論文
1.黃克武(2006)。蔣介石與陽明學:以清末調適傳統為背景之分析。蔣介石與近代中日關係。台北:稻鄉出版社。  延伸查詢new window
 
 
 
 
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