This study probed into female single-parents' difficulties in job market, obstacles in lives and needs of welfare. According to the research purposes, this study conducted interviews on eight female single-parents who are the recipients of aids from social welfare institutions. According to the findings: 1) female single-parents cannot take care of their children and work full-time at the same time; 2) the qualification set in the Social Assistance Act is strict, and relatives' support is limited; thus, female single-parents turn to private social welfare institutions for help; 3) female single-parents tend to face mental illness caused by marital suffering and economic pressure; 4) female single-parents do not have fixed domiciles and they owe the payment for national health insurance. Thus, this study proposes the suggestions for policy: 1) loosen the poverty standard and provide proper adjustment on welfare payment; 2) guarantee the rights of atypical employees; 3) modify ”charge by number of dependent insured” system of national health insurance and promote the measures to solve the debts for national health insurance; 4) help female single-parents to care for children in order to stabilize their jobs.