Cheng Yi is the author of "Cheng's Yizhuan", which is regarded as the representative work of interpreting "Zhouyi" by Neo-Confucians, as well as the indicator of philosophy in Song Dynasty. "Cheng's Yizhuan" is the concrete product of the spirit of time in Song Dynasty. It is not only the most classical piece in the field of Confucian "Yi Jing", but also the terminator of Wang Bi's Taoist interpretation of "Yi Jing" which had been dominant for seven hundred years at that time. "Cheng's Yizhuan" let Confucian interpretation of "Yi Jing" become dominant in China again. The huge impact these classics brought to its contemporary time and the later generations were discussed in this study. Another issue which was raised in this study is how the Zhu Xi's interpretation of "Yi Jing" became outstanding beneath the glory of "Cheng's Yizhuan". Zhu Xi's interpretation of "Yi Jing" had become a new academic trend, which was approved by the contemporary authorities at his time as well as by the emperors. It had not only dominated the academia in China for more than seven hundred years, but also had determined thousands of students' futures. In addition to Confucius, Zhu Xi has become the one who influenced Chinese culture, politics, education, morals, and ethic characteristics the most. The inheritance and variation between Cheng Yi and Zhu Xi were analyzed in this study. In hopes of corresponding to the changing interpretation of "Yi Jing" between Cheng-Yi and Zhu Xi, the influence Neo-Confucianism brought to the mathematics in Ming and Qing Dynasties was further explored systematically. A clearer and more comprehensive interpretation of Chinese academic mainstream including its origin, development, influence and decline was also provided in this study in order to uncover the historical truth and evaluate the responsibility to history.