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題名:選制變革前後立委提案的持續與變遷:一個探索性的研究
書刊名:臺灣政治學刊
作者:盛杏湲 引用關係
作者(外文):Sheng, Shing-yuan
出版日期:2014
卷期:18:1
頁次:頁73-127
主題關鍵詞:選制改革複數選區單記不可讓渡投票制單一選區相對多數制混合制立法提案Electoral reformSNTVSingle member district plural systemMixed electoral systemBill-proposing
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  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(11) 博士論文(1) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:10
  • 共同引用共同引用:202
  • 點閱點閱:156
2005 年 6 月我國立委選制從複數選區單記不可讓渡投票制與政黨比例代表制的混合制改為單一選區相對多數與政黨比例代表的混合制,那麼,此一選舉制度的變革,究竟對立委的立法行為是否產生改變?本篇論文以立委縱貫第五、六、七屆(自 2002 年 2 月到2012 年 1 月)的提案為分析焦點,探討立委的提案行為在選制變革後是變遷或持續。本研究有幾個研究發現:首先,新選制下立委的提案更形踴躍,每個立委每會期的平均提案數大約是過去的三倍之多,且無論在哪一類型的提案數都有增多的趨勢,因此可以說新選制增強了立委原有的提案動機。其次,新選制下立委在提供普遍性利益的提案比例增加,而提供特殊性利益的提案比例降低,顯示在新選制下,由於立委必須去獲得選區 50% 以上選民的支持,因此提高了其以提供普遍性利益的立法提案,去尋求最大多數人支持的動機,此一發現支持中間選民定理,亦即在主要競爭者是兩個且在單一選區相對多數選制下,競爭者的議題立場有往中間靠攏的趨勢。然而,根據立委提案的規模與立委用在立法院的時間與資源來觀察,立委提案數的大幅提升,與提供普遍性利益的立法提案比例增加,並非意味著立委對立法問政的更加用心,也並非意味立法品質的提升。
Taiwan’s electoral system was in June 2005 reformed from a mixedsystem of a multi-member district single non-transferable vote (SNTV)plus a closed-listed proportional representation system to a mixed systemof a single member district plural system plus a closed-listed PR system.Do legislators’ representative styles and behavior change because ofthe electoral reform? In this article, I focus on the bills introduced bylegislators from the Fifth to the Seventh Legislative Yuan (from February2002 to January 2012) to explore whether legislators change or continuetheir behavior of bill introduction. Several research findings are worthhighlighting. First, legislators under the new electoral system introduceeven more bills than those under the old system. The number of billsis about three times that of before. This shows that the new system has reinforced the tendency for the legislators to have the incentive to pursue a personal vote. Second, legislators under the new system have a greater incentive to introduce general interest bills. This reflects the fact thatlegislators under the new system have a motive for attracting more than50 percent of the voters so that they are motivated to propose generalinterest bills. This finding supports the median voter theorem: under a twocompetitorrace in a single member district plural system, competitors havethe incentive to take the position of the median voter. However, most billsintroduced by legislators have only 1 to 2 articles and most of them aresmall-scale amendments so that legislators do not have to spend too muchtime and resources. Therefore, the increasing number of bills proposed bylegislators does not mean that legislators are directing more efforts towardslegislation, nor does it mean that the quality of legislation is enhanced.
期刊論文
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21.王靖興(20091200)。立法委員的立法問政與選區服務之分析:2000年政黨輪替前後的持續與變遷。臺灣政治學刊,13(2),113-169。new window  延伸查詢new window
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25.Vowles, Jack(1995)。The Politics of Electoral Reform in New Zealand。International Political Science Review,16(1),95-115。  new window
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32.Bickers, Kenneth N.、Stein, Robert M.(1996)。The Electoral Dynamics of the Federal Pork Barrel。American Journal of Political Science,40(4),1300-1326。  new window
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會議論文
1.盛杏湲(2005)。立法委員的立法提案:第五屆立法院的分析。2005年臺灣政治學會年會暨臺灣民主的挑戰與前景學術研討會,(會議日期: 2005/12/10-12/11)。臺北:國立政治大學政治學系。  延伸查詢new window
2.Sheng, Shing-Yuan(2006)。The Personal Vote-Seeking and the Initiation of Particularistic Benefit Bills in the Taiwanese Legislature。The Conference on Political Center or Periphery: Legislatures and Parliaments in the 21st Century,(會議日期: 2006/07/07-07/08)。Taipei:Soochow University。  new window
3.盛杏湲(2013)。再探選區服務與立法問政:選制改革前後的比較。2013年國會與政府體制學術研討會,(會議日期: 2013/05/17-05/18)。台北:東吳大學。  延伸查詢new window
研究報告
1.盛杏湲(2011)。選區服務與立法問政:選制變遷前後的比較 (計畫編號:NSC100-2410-H-004-096-MY2)。台北:行政院國科會。  延伸查詢new window
學位論文
1.連勝然(2012)。選區服務:立法委員選舉制度變革前後之觀察(碩士論文)。東吳大學。  延伸查詢new window
2.廖育嶒(2013)。公民監督國會聯盟與國會政治(碩士論文)。國立政治大學。  延伸查詢new window
3.包正豪(1997)。第三屆立法委員選舉新黨競選策略之研究:以臺北市、臺北縣與桃園縣為例(碩士論文)。國立政治大學。  延伸查詢new window
圖書
1.Fenno, Richard F., Jr.(1973)。Congressmen in Committees。Berkeley, CA:Institute of Governmental Studies Press:University of California。  new window
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8.羅清俊(2009)。重新檢視臺灣分配政策與政治。臺北:揚智出版社。  延伸查詢new window
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其他
1.中央選舉委員會(2008)。第07屆立法委員選舉(區域)候選人得票數,http://db.cec.gov.tw/histQuery.jsp, 2014/02/20。  延伸查詢new window
2.中央選舉委員會(2012)。第08屆立法委員選舉(區域)候選人得票數,http://db.cec.gov.tw/histQuery.jsp, 2014/02/20。  延伸查詢new window
圖書論文
1.Kulisheck, Michael R.、Crisp, Brian F.(2003)。The Legislative Consequesnces of MMP Electoral Rules in Venezuela。Mixed-Member Electoral Systems: The Best of Both Worlds?。Oxford, UK:Oxford University Press。  new window
2.盛杏湲(2014)。從立法提案到立法產出:比較行政院與立法院在立法過程的影響力。轉型中的行政與立法關係。臺北:五南。  延伸查詢new window
3.Barker, F.、Boston, J.、Levine, S.、McLeay, E.、Roberts, N. S.(2001)。An Initial Assessment of the Consequences of MMP in New Zealand。Mixed-Member Electoral Systems: The Best of Both Worlds?。New York, NY:Oxford University Press。  new window
4.Levine, Daniel H.、Kornblith, Miriam(1995)。Venezuela: The Life and Times of the Party Systems。Building Democratic Institutions: Party Systems in Latin America。Stanford, CA:Stanford University Press。  new window
5.Ames, Barry(2002)。Party Discipline in the Chamber of Deputies。Legislative Politics in Latin America。Cambridge, MA:Cambridge University Press。  new window
 
 
 
 
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