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題名:全球化了臺灣的什麼?國際化與臺灣的政治經濟變遷
書刊名:臺灣政治學刊
作者:薛健吾林千文
作者(外文):Hsueh, Alex Chien-wuLin, Chien-wen
出版日期:2014
卷期:18:2
頁次:頁139-215
主題關鍵詞:臺灣全球化國內補償新自由主義黃金緊身衣全球治理TaiwanGlobalizationDomestic compensationNeoliberalismGolden straitjacketGlobal governance
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
相關次數:
  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(4) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:4
  • 共同引用共同引用:231
  • 點閱點閱:218
本篇文章利用 Dani Rodrik (2011) 的「世界經濟的不可能的三角」理論架構,透過臺灣的經驗資料來檢視 Geoffrey Garrett (1998) 對於全球化對國內政治和經濟衝擊的經驗研究結果是否仍然能夠在近四十年來臺灣面對全球化的經驗上依然成立。我們發現,臺灣參與全球化的過程與 OECD (Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development) 國家參與全球化的經驗並不相同。在布列頓森林體系崩解之後,OECD 國家在全球化的壓力下仍然維持著國內補償,並且走向了全球化不可能三角的右邊,透過國際整合與國際政策協調等「全球治理」的方式來減少市場開放所帶來的國內衝擊,其國內政策並未被全球化逼到「新自由主義」的底限。但與OECD國家不同的是,在全球化的壓力下,臺灣的國內政策受到了相當大的限制:臺灣在國際政治上的困境使臺灣難以走向全球整合治理,臺灣在國內選舉上的困境使臺灣難以拋棄國家認同的議題,臺灣在經濟上依賴國際貿易的困境又使臺灣無法選擇有限度地加入全球化,所以在全球化的過程中,與 OECD 國家的腳步不同,臺灣逐漸地走上了三角型左邊的「黃金緊身衣」之路,主要靠著透過削減生產成本維持經濟的成長,所犧牲的是全球化所帶來的社會衝擊。本文的研究發現也突顯出,臺灣與 OECD 國家在全球化經驗上的不同,與中國在經濟上與國際政治上對臺灣所施加的結構性限制有關。在這個國際結構的困境沒有改變的情況之下,本文的理論認為,臺灣全球化的前景難以翻轉,很難透過自身單方面的國內政治或是政策上的改革來把「黃金緊身衣」的發展方向調整至「全球治理」的道路上。
In this article we apply Rodrik’s (2011) theoretical framework of “The Political Trilemma of the World Economy” to investigate whether Garrett’s (1998) finding about the OECD countries’ experience of globalization can still hold in Taiwan. We find that Taiwan’s globalization process is different from that in the OECD countries. After the collapse of the Bretton Woods System, in “The Trilemma” framework, the OECD countries walk along the path of “global governance,” successfully mitigating the negative impact of globalization on society by international integration and international policy coordination. Different from the OECD countries’ experience, China precludes Taiwan from joining global governance; Taiwan’s main social cleavage precludes politicians from paying attention to domestic compensation issues; and Taiwan’s small scale domestic market precludes the government from limiting the degree of globalization. Therefore, Taiwan gradually walks along the path of “golden straightjacket.” Walking along this path, Taiwan maintains its economic growth and competitive ability mainly by reducing the cost of production and transaction in ways such as cutting down the domestic compensation and social welfare. As a result, the government sacrifices the losers of globalization and pays the price of neglecting the negative impacts of globalization on society. This study also demonstrates that it is a structural predicament that precludes Taiwan from choosing the path of “global governance.” Therefore, as long as the status quo remains so, it is very difficult for Taiwan to unilaterally switch the path from “golden straightjacket” to “global governance” simply by domestic political reform or policy change.
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