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題名:毒品分級處遇之社會觀察與政策建議--以大麻分級為例
書刊名:刑事政策與犯罪防治研究
作者:郭鐘隆 引用關係朱元珊
作者(外文):Guo, Jong-longChu, Yuan-shan
出版日期:2017
卷期:13
頁次:頁15-22
主題關鍵詞:大麻毒品分級合法化MarijuanaIllegal drug classificationLegalization
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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我國國情,民眾對於毒品通常有負面印象,大麻合法是否適宜,以及合法化後的稅收是否可用在相關教育,輔導費用上,仍是未定論。而大麻管制的可行策略不應侷限於合法或非合法化也可考慮從二級毒品降到三級毒品,但大麻對未成年者有較大的危害,可能造成迷幻的效果,所以對未成年者應該嚴格管制使用,另對於成年人使用天然大麻是否與人工大麻一樣應列為三級毒品管制,需要更進一步的研究與評估其可能帶來的衝擊本文介紹大麻在全世界各國以盛行率為主的使用概況,目前全世界有超過二十個國家允許合法使用大麻。其次,介紹大麻成癮性跟其危害性,特別針對其對身體的傷害和成癮性做完整的描述,並指出類大麻因為是化學合成,與天然大麻相比,可能具有更高的危險性。之後從法律醫學經濟,文化等各層面探討大麻的使用情形,並探討部分國家將大麻合法化之原因,因為大麻是純值物,有研究指出對人體成癮性與傷害性不及菸草和酒精,合法化可以從種植和販售為政府帶來稅收,同時可以將緝捕,審判與監禁所需的人力,物力與財力重新規劃,運用在教育宣導及戒毒服務上由於當前有大麻合法化的主張且國際間亦有合法化的呼聲現階段為二級毒品的大麻是否單獨針對吸食行為降為三級毒品管制是值得研究的目標,但是校園內仍應嚴格禁止使用大麻,製造,運輸,販賣需嚴加處罰,至於自用者降級之後的使用管理問題及其衍生的後遺症,則需要更進一步的探討。
Generally, people in Taiwan tend to have negative impression on drugs. Whether it is appropriate to legalise marijuana, and whether it is possible to tax revenue, generated by marijuana legalization, on related education and counselling is yet debatable. How ever, the potential strategy of marijuana control should not be limited on legalization or not, but also considering reducing its class from two to three. Giving the fact that marijuana has greater hallucination effect on minors. The controlling on adolescents should be strict As for adult, whether it is necessary to classify the usage of natural and synthetic marijuana as class three drug requires further research and evaluation on the corresponding impact This essay summarises the prevalence of drug abuse around the world. Currently, more than twenty countries legalize the use of marijuana. Secondly, it introduces the addiction and harm caused by marijuana, particularly giving detail description of damage on human health. Also it points out that synthetic marijuana, chemical compound, is likely to have higher health risk than the original plant. The content bases on legal, medical, economic a cultural aspects to further discuss the usage marijuana, as well as of the reason why some countries would legalize it. Compared to tobacco and alcohol, some research point out that marijuana, as a natural plant, has minor impact on human dependency and damage. The legalization of marijuana can bring in tax revenue generated from cultivation and trade that allows governments to not only to reorganise the manpower, material and budget applied on arresting, trial and imprisonment, but also to establish public on related education and drug addicts rehabilitation systems With the existing claim to legalize marijuana in Taiwan, much also shared by many countries it is worth studying the possibility of reclassifying marijuana for the personal usage from class two to three However, usage should be completely And the person who produces, transports marijuana should still be strictly On the other hand, the management issue and related consequence caused by reducing drug class of personal usage requires further discussion.
期刊論文
1.Thames, A. D.、Arbid, N.、Sayegh, P.(2014)。Cannabis use and neurocognitive functioning in a non-clinical sample of users。Addictive behaviors,39(5),994-999。  new window
2.Tashkin, D. P.(2013)。Effects of marijuana smoking on the lung。Annals of the American Thoracic Society,10(3),239-247。  new window
3.Jouanjus, Emilie、Lapeyre-Mestre, Maryse、Micallef, Joelle(2014)。Cannabis use: signal of increasing risk of serious cardiovascular disorders。Journal of the American Heart Association,3(2)。  new window
4.楊士隆、張梵盂、曾淑萍(2016)。青少年非法藥物使用進階之實證調查:以收容少年為例。藥物濫用防治,1(2),1-25。  延伸查詢new window
5.楊焱羽、洪家駿(20150600)。大麻使用與人體健康。家庭醫學與基層醫療,30(6),168-172。  延伸查詢new window
6.Nutt, D.、King, L. A.、Saulsbury, W.、Blakemore, C.(2007)。Development of a rational scale to assess the harm of drugs of potential misuse。The Lancet,369(9566),1047-1053。  new window
圖書
1.United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime(2006)。World Drug Report 2006。Austria:United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime。  new window
2.United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime(2016)。World Drug Report 2016。United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime。  new window
3.高雄醫學大學藥學院、衛生福利部食品藥物管理署(2014)。2014物質濫用:物質濫用之防制、危害、戒治。臺北市:衛生福利部食品藥物管理署。  延伸查詢new window
其他
1.(20140109)。美科羅拉多州 開賣大麻,http://www.cw.com.tw/article/article.action?id=5055273。  延伸查詢new window
2.商橋健康醫療(2006)。大麻惹麻煩 毒害比菸毒,http://healthall.tian.yam.com/posts/7025253。  延伸查詢new window
 
 
 
 
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