:::

詳目顯示

回上一頁
題名:企業核心科技組合評選與科技專案總生產力衡量模式
作者:邱文志 引用關係
作者(外文):Chiou Wen-Chih
校院名稱:國立中山大學
系所名稱:企業管理學系
指導教授:盧淵源
郭修暐
學位類別:博士
出版日期:1999
主題關鍵詞:科技管理科技規劃品質機能展開多屬性效用理論群體決策總生產力衡量Management of TechnologyTechnology planningQuality Function DeploymentMulti-Attribute Utility TheoryGroup DecisionTotal Productivity Measurement
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
相關次數:
  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(0) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:0
  • 共同引用共同引用:0
  • 點閱點閱:40
企業核心科技組合評選與科技專案總生產力衡量模式
學生:邱文志 指導教授:盧淵源、郭修暐
國立中山大學企業管理研究所
摘要
新產品之發展能為企業之提升營業額產生高度貢獻、卻也隱含著相當高之失敗率,此即表示產品規劃與管理之重要性。此一重要性在產品族發展之情境中益加明顯。管理者如何從市場與科技均衡之角度來掌握各產品之核心科技、從多屬性並考慮科技間相互關係之角度來評選核心科技組合、從總生產力衡量之角度來衡量各核心科技專案之實際發展效率,以及從群體協商之角度來尋求具共識之決策等,均為相當重要之管理決策議題。
為滿足上述管理需求,本研究從產能規劃之角度,在規劃階段提出核心科技組合評選模式、在管制階段提出科技專案總生產力衡量模式來協助管理者從事決策。核心科技組合評選模式包括二個步驟:在步驟一、核心科技之確認與選取中,應用品質機能展開與正規化關係值演算法來展開各個產品並計算各科技項之絕對重要度值,再依據科技策略所設定之篩選門檻值來選取出核心科技項。在步驟二、核心科技組合之評選中,則融合多屬性效用理論、屬性對核心科技項展開與兼顧科技間之相關值來評估並選出數個核心科技組合,再納入群體磋商過程以尋求具共識之科技組合。至於科技專案總生產力衡量模式,則先從與自行發展之核心科技專案有關的部門中篩選出重要部門,接著就針對重要部門、應用工作細目結構法來逐期記錄資源投入,並將科技專案之期望商業價值予以估算與分配至各期以計算產出值,如此即可代入生產力衡量模式來計算期間別、科技專案別、重要部門別之生產力值。
管理者應用此模式來從事系列產品之核心科技組合評選與總生產力衡量,既可在兼顧市場拉力與科技推力下、自系列產品中選取出核心科技,同時藉由結合多屬性決策與群體磋商來評選核心科技組合,可以提升決策之效益。當組合內之核心科技專案實際進入自行發展階段時,即可應用總生產力衡量模式來衡量科技專案別、部門別之生產力,以供修正後續發展計畫與調整資源配置決策之參考。
Approaches to Evaluating Core Technology Portfolios
and
Measuring the Total Productivity of Technology Projects
Student: Wen-Chih Chiou Advisor: Iuan-Yuan Lu, Hsu-Wei Kuo
ABSTRACT
Many studies have indicated that successful launching of a new product depends on the management of the new product development process. Those main management themes include: (1) categorizing technology implementation initiatives by expected user benefit, (2) developing a unique technology implementation strategy, which includes project screening criteria and predetermined project evaluation points, (3) using dedicated, cross-functional teams to guide project efforts, and (4) emphasizing on group consensus in cross-functional teams that can improve the coordination of strategy implementation.
This research develops a systematic model to assist managers to perform above themes. The model includes two parts: (1) evaluation and selection of core technology portfolios, and (2) measurement of the total productivity of each core technology projects. In part 1, the quality function deployment was applied to verify core technologies from product technologies, and each core technology portfolio was evaluated by multi-attribute utility method. The most consensus portfolio was selected via a designed group negotiation procedure. In part 2, a work breakdown structure method was applied to analysis the real and expect input data of each project which contains a core technology. The expected market value of products was predicted and transferred to be the output data of each project. From the output and input data, managers can perform total productivity analysis for each period, project, and important division. The total productivity data can then feedback to adjust the next period’s project scheduling and resource allocation.
參考文獻
王怡舜,「策略性技術規劃三階段模式」,1994中華民國科技管理研討會論文集,1994,pp.245-253。
余朝權,企業生產力衡量與分析,中國生產力中心,1984。new window
近藤修司,科技矩陣─新製品、新事業探索法,日本能率協會,1983。
許錫美,模糊多準則決策模式於研究發展計畫選擇之應用,行政院國科會專題研究計畫成果報告,1995。
梁定澎,決策支援系統,松崗,1993。
黃良輔,產品創新與市場,韜略出版有限公司,1993。
劉水深,賴士葆,吳思華,我國現行研究發展制度對企業研究發展活動影響之研究,行政院科技顧問組,1986。
劉常勇,「技術資源管理能力對新產品開發績效影響之研究」,中華民國科技管理研討會論文集-I,1997,頁83-89。new window
賴士葆,「企業技術特性與新產品發展績效相關之研究」,政治大學管理評論,1987,頁102-114。new window
盧淵源、邱文志、曾健智,「台灣工具機廠商之研發、製造、行銷三部門配合狀況」,中國工業工程學會85年度年會論文集,第二冊,1996,頁1090-1097。
嚴永晃,技術管理與策略--理論與實務,環球經濟社,民76年。
Agarwal, R., M. R. Tanniru, and M. Dacruz, “Knowledge-Based Support for Combining Qualitative and Quantitative Judgements in Resource Allocation Decision,” Journal of Management Information Systems, 9(1), 1992, pp.165-184.
Baker, N. R., “R & D Project Selection Models: An Assessment,” IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, EM-21(4), 1974, pp.165-171.
Bayraktar, B. A., “On the Concepts of Technology and Management of Technology,” Management of Technology II, Edited by Tarek Khalil & B. Bayraktar, 1990, 2nd International Conference on Management of Technology, pp.1161-1175.
Bean, A. S., “Why Some R&D Organization Are More Productive Than Others,” Research Technology Management, Jan-Feb, 1995, pp.25-29.
Becker, R. H., “Project Selection Checklist for Research, Product Development, Process Development,” Research Management, XXII, 1980, pp.34-36.
Belhe, U. & Kusiak, A., “The House of Quality in A Design Process,” International Journal of Production Research, 34(8), 1996, pp.289-295.
Betz, F., Strategic Technology Management, NY: McGraw-Hill, 1994.
Bonnet, D. C., “Nature of the R&D/Marketing Cooperation in the Design of Technologically Advanced New Industrial Products,” R&D Management, 16, 1986, pp.117-128.
Booz, Allen & Hamilton, Management of New Products, NY: Booz, Allen & Hamilton Inc., 1968.
Brenner, M. S., “Practical R&D Project Prioritization,” Research Technology Management, Sep./Oct., 1994, pp.38-42.
Brockhoff, K., “Technology Management in the Company of the Future,” Technology Analysis & Strategic Management, 8(2), 1996, pp.175-189.
Canada, J. R. and W. G. Sullivan, Economic and Multi-attribute Evaluation of Advanced Manufacturing Systems, NY: Prentice Hall, 1989.
Chester, A. N., “Aligning Technology with Business Strategy,” Research Technology Management, 1994, pp.25-32.
Clark, K. B., Product Development Performance: Strategy, Organization, & Management in the World Auto Industry, NY: HBS Press, 1991.
Cohen, L., Quality Function Deployment--How to make QFD work for you, NY: Addison Wesley, 1995.
Cooper, R. G., “A Process Model for Industrial Product Development,” IEEE Transaction on Engineering Management, 30(1), Feb., 1983, pp.2-11.
Cooper, R. G., “Overhauling the New Product Process,” Industrial Marketing Management, 25, 1996, pp.465-482.
Cooper, R. G. and E. J. Kleinschmidt, “Winning Business in Product Development: The Critical Success Factors,” Research Technology Management, 1996,.pp.18-29.
Cooper, R. G., S. J. Edgett, and E. J. Kleinschmidt, “Portfolio Management in New Product Development: Lessons from the Leaders — I,” Research Technology Management, Sep-Oct, 1997a, pp.16-28.
Cooper, R. G., S. J. Edgett, and E. J. Kleinschmidt, “Portfolio Management in New Product Development: Lessons from the Leaders — II,” Research Technology Management, Nov-Dec, 1997b, pp.43-52.
Cordero, R., “The Measurement of Innovation Performance in the Firm: An Overview,” Research Policy, 19, 1990, pp.185-192.
Costello, D., “A Practical Approach to R&D Project Selection,” Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 23, 1983, pp.353-368.
Crawford, M., “New Product Failure Rates: A Reprise,” Research Management, 1987, pp.20-24.
Cusumano, M.A. and K. Nobeoka, “Strategy, Structure and Performance in Product Development: Observations from the auto industry,” Research Policy, 21, 1992, pp.265-293.
DeWispelare, A. R. & Sage, A. P., “On Combined Multiple Objective Optimization Theory and Multiple Attribute Utility Theory for Evaluation and Choice Making,” Large Scale Systems, 2, 1981, pp.1-19.
Dyer, J. S., P. C. Fishburn, R. E. Steuer, J. Wallenius, and S. Zionts, “Multiple Criteria Decision Making, Multi-attribute Utility Theory: The Next Ten Years,” Management Science, 38(5), 1992, pp.645-654.
Edosomwan, J. A., Integrating Productivity and Quality Management, NY: Marecl Dekker, Inc., 1987.
Edwards, W., “How to Use Multi-attribute Utility Measurement for Social Decision-making,” IEEE Transaction on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, SMC-7, 5, 1977, pp.326-340.
Eilon, S., B. Gold and J. Soesan, Applied Productivity Analysis for Industry, Great Britain: A. Wheaton & Co. Exeter, 1976.
Falk, C. E., "The Measurement of the Productivity of Science and Technology," Understanding R&D Productivity, edited by Fusfeld & Langlois, NY: Pergamon Press, 1982, pp.10-17.
Farquhar, P. H., “Utility Assessment Methods,” Management Science, 30, 11, 1984, pp.1283-1300.
Fishburn, P. C., “Method of Estimate Additive Utilities,” Management Science, 13(7), 1967, pp.435-453.
Ford, D., “Develop Your Technology Strategy,” Long Range Planning, 21(5), 1988, pp.85-95.
Foster, R. N., “Boosting the Payoff from R&D,” Research Management, 1982, pp.22-27.
Golabi, K., C. W. Kirkwood and A. Sicherman, “Selecting A Portfolio of Solar Energy Projects Using Multi-attribute Preference Theory,” Management Science, 27(2), 1981, pp.174-189.
Granstrand, O. and S. Sjolander, “Managing Innovation in Multi-Technology Corporations,” Research Policy, 19, 1990, pp.35-60.
Gregory, M. J., “Technology Management: A Process Approach,” Proc Insta Mech Engrs, 209, 1995, pp.347-356.
Harvey, J., "Technological Change as a Productivity Improvement Program in Manufacturing Industries", Management of Technology II, edited by Tarek Khalil & Bulent Bayraktar, 2nd International Conference on Management of Technology, 1990, pp.1069-1078.
Hauser, J. R. & Clausing, D., “The House of Quality,” Harvard Business Review, 1988, pp.63-73.
Hauser, J. R. and F. Zettelmeyer, “Metrics to Evaluate R,D&E,” Research Technology Management, Jul-Aug, 1997, pp.32-38.
Henriksen, A. D., “A Technology Assessment Primer for Management of Technology,” International Journal of Technology Management, 13, 1997, pp.615-638.
Hill, T. & Westbrook, R., “Linking Technological Innovation to Strategic Needs,” Technovation, 17(3), 1997, pp.109-117.
Holsapple, C. W. and Whinston, A. B., Decision Support Systems: A Knowledge Based Approach, MN: West Publishing, 1996.
Huang, P.Y. and P. Ghandforoush, “Procedures Given for Evaluating, Selecting Robots,” Industrial Engineering, Apr., 1984, pp.44-48.
Huber, G. P., “Multi-Attribute Utility Models: A Review of Field and Field-like Studies,” Management Science, 20(10), 1974, pp.1393-1402.
Hwang, C. L., and K. Yoon, Multiple Attribute Decision Making - Methods and Application, A State-of-the-Art Survey, NY: Springer-Verlag, 1981.
Iansiti ,M., “Technology Development and Integration: An Empirical Study of the Interaction Between Application Science and Product Development,” IEEE Transaction on Engineering Management, 42(3), 1995, pp.259-269.
Iyigun, M. G., A Group Decision Support System for Multi-objective Strategic R&D Portfolio Selection and Resource Allocation Using Probabilistic Tradeoffs, Ph. D. dissertation of Portland State University, 1995.
Jenkins, S., Forbes, S., Durrani, T. S., and Banerjee, S. K., “Managing the Product Development Process - Part I: An Assessment,” International Journal of Technology Management, 13(4), 1997, pp.359-378.
Jenkins, S., Forbes, S., Durrani, T. S., and Banerjee, S. K., “Managing the Product Development Process - Part II: Case Studies,” International Journal of Technology Management, 13(4), 1997, pp.379-394.
Johnson, E. M. and Huber, G. P., “The Technology of Utility Assessment,” IEEE Transaction on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, SMC-7, 5, 1977, pp.311-325.
Jones, M. S., C. J. Malmborg, and M. H. Agee, “Decision Support System Used for Robot Selection,” Industrial Engineering, Sep., 1985, pp.66-73.
Kamentezky, R. D., “The Relationship between the Analytical Hierarchy Process and the Additive Value Function,” Decision Science, 13(4), 1982, pp.702-713.
Kameoka, A., “Evaluating Research Project at Toshiba -- Designing Conceptual Framework of Evaluation Research and Technology Development (RTD) Programs,” Scientometrics, 34(3), 1995, pp.427-439.
Keefer, D. L., “Allocation Planning for R&D with Uncertainty and Multiple Objectives,” IEEE Transaction on Engineering Management, Vol. EM-25, No. 1, 1978, pp.8-14.
Keeney, R. L., “Utility Functions for Multi-attributed Consequences,” Management Science, 18, 5, 1972a, pp.276-287.
Keeney, R. L., “An Illustrated Procedure for Assessing Multi-attributed Utility Functions,” Sloan Management Review, 1972b, pp.37-50.
Keeney, R. L. and Raiffa, H., Decision with Multiple Objectives: Preferences and Value Tradeoffs, NY: John Wiley & Sons, 1976.
Keeney, R. L., “The Art of Assessing Multi-attribute Utility Functions,” Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 19, 1977, pp.267-310.
Kerssens-van Drongelen, I. C. and A. Cook, “Design Principles for the Development of Measurement Systems for Research and Development Processes,” R & D Management, 27(4), 1997, pp.345-357.
Kim, J. S. and B. M. Byun, “A Management Model for R&D Productivity in Multidisciplinary Research Institutes,” International Journal of Materials and Product Technology, 10, 1995, pp.268-278.
Kolli, S., M. R. Wilhelm, H. R. Parsaei, and D. H. Liles, “A Classification Scheme for Traditional and Non-Traditional Approaches to The Economic Justification of Advanced Automated Manufacturing Systems,” Economic and Financial Justification of Advanced Manufacturing Technologies, Edited by H. R. Parsaei et al., NY: Elsevier, 1992, pp.165-187.
Kuo, H. W., A Systematic Approach to Simultaneously Managing Technology Development and Production in the Manufacturing Enterprise, Ph. D Dissertation, Arizona State University, 1993.
Lauglaug, A. S., “A Framework for the Strategic Management of Future Tyre Technology,” Long Range Planning, 20(5), 1987, pp.21-41.
Lee, M. and K. Om, “The Concept of Effectiveness in R&D Project Selection,” International Journal of Technology Management, 13, 1997, pp.511-524.
Liberatore, M. J., “An Extension of the Analysis Hierarchy Process for Industrial R&D Project Selection and Resource Allocation,” IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, EM-34(1), 1987, pp.12-18.
Liberatore, M. J. and A. C. Stylianou, “Expert Support Systems for New Product Development Decision Making: A Modeling Frame Work and Application,” Management Science, 41(8), 1995, pp.1296-1316.
Lutz, R. A., “Implementing Technological Change With Cross-Functional Teams,” Research Technology Management, March/April, 1994, pp.14-18.
Lyman, D., “Deployment Normalization,” 2nd symposium on QFD by ASQC/ASI, 1990, pp.307-315.
Maddux, G. A., Amos, R. W., & Wyskida, A. R., “Organizations Can Apply Quality Function Deployment As Strategic Planning Tool,” Industrial Engineering, 23, pp.33-37.
Maffin, D., Thwaites, A., Alderman, N., Braiden, P. and B. Hills, “Managing the Product Development Process: Combining Best Practice with Company and Project Contexts,” Technology Analysis & Strategic Management, 9(1), 1997, pp.53-74.
Majer, H., “Technology Measurement: The Functional Approach,” Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 27, 1985, pp.335-351.
Mali, P., Improving Total Productivity, NY: John Wiley & Sons, 1978.
Mandakovic, T. and M. E. Souder, "A Model for Measuring R&D Productivity," Productivity Management Frontiers-I, edited by D. J. Sumanth, 1987, pp.139-146.
McNamee, P., “Competitive Analysis Using Matrix Displays,” Long Range Planning, 17, 1984, pp.103-104.
Meyer, M. H., P. Tertzakian and J. M. Utterback, “Metrics for Managing Research and Development in the Context of the Product Family,” Management Science, 43(1), Jan., 1997, pp.88-111.
Metz, P. D., “Integrating Technology Planning with Business Planning,” Research Technology Management, 39(3), 1996, pp.19-22.
Michaels, L. T., W. T. Muir, and R. G. Eiler, “Improving Technology Cost-Benefit Analysis,” Material Handling Engineering, Feb., 1984, pp.49-54.
Miller,R.B. "Measurement Issues in R&D Productivity," Understanding R&D Productivity, edited by Fusfeld & Langlois, NY: Pergamon Press, 1982, pp.18-31.
Min, H., “International Supplier Selection: A Multi-attribute Utility Approach,” International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistic Management, 24(5), 1994, pp.24-33.
Moore, W. L. and Pessemier, E. A., Product Planning and Management -- Designing and Deliver Value, NY: McGraw, 1993.
Morin, J. and P. J. Rafferty, “The Six Key Functions of Technological Resources Management,” Management of Technology II, Edited by Tarek Khalil and B. Bayraktar , 2nd International Conference on Management of Technology, 1990, pp.621-627.
Pappas, R. A. and D. S. Remer, “Measuring R&D Productivity,” Research Technology Management, May-June, 1985, pp.15-22.
Petromilli, M., “How to Turn Technologies into Winning Products,” R&D Management, Jan., 1994, pp.11-12.
Porter, M. E., Competitive Advantage: Creating and Sustaining Superior Performance, NY: The Free Press, 1985.
Prahalad, C. K., & Hamel, G., “The Core Competence of the Corporation,” Harvard Business Review, 1990, pp.79-91.
Roberts, E. B., “Benchmarking the Strategic Management of Technology-II,” Research Technology Management, Mar./Apr., 1995, pp.18-26.
Rosenthal, S. R., Effective Product Design and Development: How to Cut Lead Time and Increase Customer Satisfaction, NY: Richard D. Irwin, Inc., 1992.
Saaty, T. L., The Analytic Hierarchy Process, NY: McGraw-Hill, 1980.
Saito, F., “Managing Technology Development at NEC Corporation,” International Journal of Technology Management, 14, 1997, pp.196-207.
Sage, A. P., System Engineering, NY: John Wiley & Sons, 1992.
Sanderson, S. and Uzumeri, M., “Managing Product Families: The Case of the Sony Walkman,” Research Policy, 24, 1995, pp.761-782.
Schainblatt, A. H., “How Companies Measure the Productivity of Engineers and Scientists,” Research Management, May, 1982, pp.10-18.
Scheuing, E. E., New Product Management, London: Merrill Publishing Co., 1989.
Schmidt, R. L. and J. R. Freeland, “Recent Progress in Modeling R&D Project-Selection Processes,” IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, 39(2), 1992, pp.189-201.
Schumann, P. A., Ransley, Jr. D. L., and D. C. L. Prestwood, "Measuring R&D Performance," Research Technology Management, May-June, 1995, pp.45-54.
Sevin, C. H., Marketing Productivity Analysis, NY: McGraw-Hill, 1967.
Sink, D. S., Productivity Management: Planning, Measurement and Evaluation, Control and Improvement, NY: John Wiley & Sons, 1985.
Song, X. M., S. M. Neeley and Y. Zhao, “Managing R&D-Marketing Integration in the New Product Development Process,” Industrial Marketing Management, 25, 1996, pp.545-553.
Stainer, A. and B. Nixon, “Productivity and Performance Measurement in R&D,” International Journal of Technology Management, 13, 1997, pp.486-496.
Steele, L. W., Managing Technology -- The Strategic View, NY: McGraw-Hill Co., 1989.
Sommers, W. P., Product Development: New Approaches in the 1980s, NY: Booz-Allen and Hamilton, Inc., 1979.
Sullivan, L. P., “Quality Function Deployment,” Quality Progress, June, 1986, pp.33-50.
Sumanth, D. J., Productivity Management Frontiers-I, NY: Elsevier, 1987.
Sumanth, D. J., "An Understanding of the Technology - Total Productivity Connection", Management of Technology II, edited by Tarek Khalil & Bulent Bayraktar, 2nd International Conference on Management of Technology, 1990, pp.1079-1087.
Szakonyi, R., "Measuring R&D Effectiveness-I," Research Technology Management, Mar-Apr, 1994, pp.27-32.
Tabucanon, M. T., Multiple Criteria Decision Making in Industry, NY: Elsevier, 1988.
Takahashi, T., “Management for enhanced R&D Productivity,” International Journal of Technology Management, 14, 1997, pp.789-803.
Takei, F., “Evaluation Method for Engineering Activity Through Comparison with Competition -- Four Years’ Experience,” IEEE Transaction on Engineering Management, Vol. EM-32, No. 2, 1985, pp.63-70.
Takeuchi, H. & Nonaka, I., “The New Product Development Game,” Harvard Business Review, Vol.64, No.1, 1986, pp.137-150.
Thomas, R. J., New Product Development: Managing and Forecasting for Strategic Success, 1993, NY: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Turban, E., Decision Support Systems and Expert Systems, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1995.
Wasserman, G. S., “On How to Prioritize Design Requirements During The QFD Planning Process,” IIE Transactions, 25(3), 1993, pp.59-65.
Watabe, K., Holsapple, C. W. and Whinston, A. B., “Coordinator Support in A Nemawashi Decision Process,” Decision Support Systems, 8, 1992, pp.85-98.
Werner, B. M. and W. E. Souder, “Measuring R&D performance-State of the Art,” Research Technology Management, Mar-Apr, 1997, pp.34-42.
Wheelwright, S. C., and W. E. Sasser, “The New Product Development Map,” Harvard Business Review, May-June, 1989, pp.112-125.
Wilhelm, M. R. and H. R. Parsaei, “A Fuzzy Linguistic Approach to Implementing a Strategy for Computer Integrated Manufacturing,” Fuzzy Sets and Systems, 42, 1991, pp.191-204.
Wilson, C. C. and M. E. Kennedy, “Some Essential Elements for Product Technology Selection and Development,” Management of Technology II, Edited by Tarek Khalil and B. Bayraktar , 2nd International Conference on Management of Technology, 1990, pp.1125-1134.
Yoon, K. and G. Kim, “Multiple Attribute Decision Analysis with Imprecision Information,” IIE, 21(1), 1989, pp.21-25.
Zeleny, M., Multiple Criteria Decision Making, NY: McGraw-Hill, 1982.
Zionts, S., “Some Thoughts on Research in Multiple Criteria Decision Making,” Computers and Operations Research, 19(7), 1992, pp.567-570.
 
 
 
 
第一頁 上一頁 下一頁 最後一頁 top
QR Code
QRCODE