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題名:資訊人員的系統開發與組織結構互動之探索性研究--以結構行動理論為基礎
作者:陳宇芬
作者(外文):Yu-fen, Chen
校院名稱:國立臺灣大學
系所名稱:資訊管理研究所
指導教授:謝清佳
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2002
主題關鍵詞:資訊系統開發資訊系統導入結構行動理論技術框架詮釋架構information systems developmentimplementationstructurationtechnological frameinterpretive scheme
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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資訊科技在組織中的應用﹐雖然已經日益普遍﹐但是大型資訊系統開發與導入的失敗案例﹐仍實有所聞。過去的研究往往傾向於採取政治觀點來協助理解資訊系統的開發議題﹐然而﹐在實際觀察組織的資訊系統開發過程時﹐卻可以發現有些現象似乎很難完全用政治觀點來進行解釋。
在資訊系統開發的相關研究中﹐一般對於資訊人員的意圖與預設著墨不多﹐資訊人員的角色往往被淡化為使用技術將組織要求轉化為系統的工具性角色﹐然而資訊人員是實際上負責將組織需求轉換為系統的人﹐對於要轉換成什麼樣的系統﹐其實具有極高的裁量權。從實務中的觀察可以發現﹐不同組織的資訊部門﹐對於自己在組織中的定位也有相當的差異。所以﹐我們對於資訊人員如何去從事系統開發﹐如何賦予資訊系統意義﹐實有深入瞭解的必要。
因此﹐本論文主要是以結構行動理論做為研究進行與資料分析的架構﹐探討在資訊系統開發過程中﹐組織的結構特性如何影響資訊人員對開發行動所賦予的意義﹐也就是資訊人員對開發行動所抱持的預設(assumption)﹐這些預設如何去影響開發行動﹐而開發行動又如何回頭影響資訊人員原本的預設﹐乃至於強化或轉變組織的結構特性。
在研究方法上﹐本研究是採取深度的詮釋性個案研究﹐針對某教育機構的大型資訊系統開發專案﹐進行為期六個半月的參與式觀察﹐蒐集相關文件﹐並且對資訊人員與使用者進行深入訪談。透過這些實證資料﹐呈現出資訊人員的開發預設﹐與組織結構特性和開發行動間的動態互動過程﹐並且發現資訊人員的開發預設確實會深入影響整個開發過程﹐以及最終所產生的系統特性﹐因此﹐這些預設對於資訊系統開發專案的成敗﹐實有相當深遠的影響。
根據本研究的結論﹐資訊人員在從事系統開發行為時﹐如果發現有反覆出現的相同衝突模式﹐除了歸因於使用者的非理性行為外﹐也應該回頭檢視本身所抱持的開發預設﹐探討這些預設所引導的開發行為﹐是否也是導致衝突的原因之一。除此之外﹐本研究對實際觀察期間所發現的一些系統開發實務﹐例如資料導向式的畫面設計、萬用型軟體設計等做法﹐也提供了相關的分析與建議﹐可以作為其他資訊人員在系統開發與設計時的參考。
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