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題名:技術交易搜尋網絡之模擬研究
作者:歐陽惠華
校院名稱:國立政治大學
系所名稱:科技管理研究所
指導教授:吳豐祥
徐木蘭
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2006
主題關鍵詞:技術搜尋技術知識特質網絡結構searchingcharacteristic of technologynetwork
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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在高度競爭的時代,技術交易是廠商取得技術的重要方法之一。隨著智慧財產權法治的規範愈來愈完整,廠商對智慧財產權重要性的體認也逐漸提高,如何在技術市場中搜尋適當的技術交易對象,是許多廠商感到困擾的問題,而其搜尋過程也是技術交易研究領域中較為不足之處。因此本研究擬針對不同的技術交易情境下,如何成功地搜尋到交易的對象來進行研究。
技術的交易可以視為是知識商品的交易,目前技術搜尋的研究多以策略決策觀點或組織學習的觀點來加以著墨,其結果大多與廠商行為理論相關,對於技術交易搜尋過程的探討仍屬有限。事實上,技術搜尋是買賣雙方與訊息提供者彼此在搜尋過程中的互動行為,主要建立在人與人彼此連接的網絡上。因此,技術知識或資訊在其交易搜尋網絡上的流動可視為一種複雜系統,影響的因素較為複雜。一般而言,傳統的研究方法通常較不易觀察到多個變項對整體研究的影響,若用以探討技術交易的複雜過程,可能無法完整呈現技術交易搜尋過程的全貌;再者,傳統的研究方法大多依據過去專利、研發投資等數據來進行探討技術搜尋的研究,其研究指標對技術搜尋的適用性也值得考量。
本研究以複雜調適系統為理論基礎,依據相關理論與個案訪談的結果,來建置電腦模擬系統。模擬模型中包括:自變項—買賣方的搜尋行為,包括有知識累加速率與隨機搜尋兩種,以及與系統環境有關的系統規模、買賣家數數量、技術知識權重等。就交易與否的部分以個案資料假設的交易成功機率加以處理;應變項—特徵路徑長度(交易成功所經過的總agent數)及每個agent被經過的次數,據以在各種設定條件下的系統情境來進行模擬分析。
本研究結果發現,技術交易系統確實表現出複雜調適理論的特性,例如:非線性、聚集、流動、多樣性等特徵;交易搜尋效率同時受到知識累加速率與隨機搜尋兩種策略行為的影響,搜尋最適條件一般出現在知識累加速率和搜尋隨機機率均為中間值時,其中路徑相依度對交易搜尋效率的影響較知識內隱性明顯。網絡結構的影響,可以從密集性、連結關係與集散性三個面向來描述,搜尋行為影響網絡節結構的形成,知識累加速率高時產生的結構較密集,反之,隨機搜尋的行為對應較分散的結構,而均衡型結構的搜尋效率較佳。總之,本研究結果顯示,於技術交易進行的實務上,若能同時兼顧既有的知識累加速率與擴大原有的路徑,將有利於交易搜尋效率的提升。
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