:::

詳目顯示

回上一頁
題名:遊說、政治獻金與最低品質標準
作者:許淑媖
作者(外文):Su-Ying Hsu
校院名稱:臺灣大學
系所名稱:經濟學研究所
指導教授:黃鴻
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2006
主題關鍵詞:遊說政治獻金最低品質標準lobbypolitical contributionsminimum quality standards
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
相關次數:
  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(0) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:0
  • 共同引用共同引用:0
  • 點閱點閱:28
第二章中,我們利用一個兩國兩廠商的雙佔模型來討論廠商的均衡遊說行為、遊說活動下之最適關稅以及此遊說活動對廠商利潤與社會福利之影響。本章發現:廠商是否會進行遊說活動端視下列兩項因素而定: ( 1 )本國政府重視本國廠商的程度,( 2 )廠商的遊說支出會移轉至本國福利的比例。一般而言,本國政府愈重視本國廠商的利潤,本國廠商愈會進行遊說活動;而廠商的遊說支出移轉至本國福利的比例愈大,外國廠商也愈會進行遊說活動。此外,外國廠商的跨國遊說會導致本國社會福利的提高。此一結論與一般人認為開放跨國遊說會損害本國福利的認知不同。
在第三章中,我們建立一個寡佔模型來討論外國廠商捐獻政治獻金給本國政府對本國差別性進口關稅政策之影響。本章發現:(1)當需求曲線為線性時,若本國政府較關心社會福利(政治獻金),則本國最適關稅政策是對廠商課徵關稅(補貼)。(2)有兩項因素會影響差別性關稅稅率的距離,其一是本國對社會福利的關心程度,其二是兩類廠商的平均成本。當政府愈關心社會福利時,本國應對平均成本較低(較高)的廠商課徵較高(較低)的關稅。相反地,當本國愈關心政治獻金時,本國則應對平均成本較低(較高)的廠商給予較高(較低)的補貼。
在第四章中,我們以一個產品具有垂直差異的模型,來討論四種決策機制對最低品質標準之影響,此四種決策機制分別為自由經濟、社會福利、公民投票與代議制度,我們並將這些結果一一作比較。本章以自由經濟為基準,得到下列結論。( 1 ) 當政府以社會福利為中心時,社會福利下的品質標準必然會高於自由經濟體下的品質。( 2 ) 代議制度下的品質會高於社會福利下的品質。( 3 ) 代議制度下可能會有策略性授權行為,即當選的代議士與中間選民的偏好並不一致,此一可能性隨著參選成本增加而提高。( 4 )公民投票與代議制度下的最低品質標準會相同。
參考文獻
《中華民國海關簡史》,財政部關稅總局編撰,1998.
王業立, 2006, 比較選舉制度, 五南圖書出版股份有限公司.new window
王智賢, 2000, 遊說賽局與關稅保護, 國立臺灣大學博士論文.new window
吳世傑、林燕淑, 2006, 進口競爭與最適品質研發補貼政策, 經濟論文叢刊34 (1), 1-26.new window
林奇蓉, 2004, 政治遊說與策略性貿易政策, 經濟論文叢刊, 32(3), 347-367.new window
楊建成, 2004, 公民投票與地方財政, 財稅研究36, 34-41.new window
Acemoglu, D., S. Johnson and J. Robinson, 2004, "Institutions as the Fundamental Cause of Long-Run Growth,” NBER Working Paper 10481.
Aoki, R. and T. Prusa, 1996, “Sequential versus Simultaneous Choice with Endogenous Quality,” International Journal of Industrial Organization 15, 103-121.
Aoki, R., 2003, “Effect of Credible Quality Investment with Bertrand and Cournot Competition,” Economic Theory 21, 653-672.
Arrow, K., 1951, Social Choice and Individual Values, New York: Wiley.
Austen-Smith, D., 1994, “Strategic Transmission of Costly Information,” Econometrica 62, 955-963.
Austen-Smith, D. and J. R. Wright, 1992, “Competitive Lobbying for a Legislator’s Vote,” Social Choice and Welfare 9, 229-257.
Baldwin, R., 1982, "The Political Economy of Protectionism," in Import Competition and Response, J. N. Bhagwati, ed., Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 263-86.
Becker, G., 1983, “A Theory of Competition among Pressure Groups for Political Influence,” Quarterly Journal of Economics 98, 371-400.
Bergstrom, T. and H. Varian, 1985, “When Are Nash Equilibria Independent of the Distribution of Agents’ Characteristics?” Review of Economic Studies 52, 715-718.
Bernheim, B. and M. Whinston, 1986, “Menu Auctions, Resource Allocation, and Economic Influence,” Quarterly Journal of Economics 101, 1-31.
Besley, T. and A. Case, 2001, “Lobbying and Welfare in a Representative Democracy,” Review of Economic Studies 68, 67-82.
Besley, T. and A. Case, 2003, “Political Institutions and Policy Choices: Evidence from the United States,” Journal of Economic Literature XLI, 7-73.
Besley, T. and S. Coate, 1997, “An Economic Model of Representative Democracy,” Quarterly Journal of Economic 112, 85-114.
Besley, T. and S. Coate, 2003, “Centralize versus Decentralized Provision of Local Public Goods: A Political Economy Approach,” Journal of Public Economics 87, 2611-2637.
Bhagwati, J.N., 1980, “Lobbying and Welfare,” Journal of Public Economics 14, 355–363.
Bhagwati, J.N., 1982, “Directly-Unproductive, Profit-Seeking Activities,” Journal of Political Economy 90, 988-1002.
Black, D., 1948, “On the Rationale of Group Decision-Making,” Journal of Political Economy 56, 23-34.
Brander, J. A. and B. J. Spencer, 1984, “Trade Warfare: Tariffs and Cartels,” Journal of International Economics 16, 227-242.
Brander, J. A. and B. J. Spencer, 1985, “Export Subsidies and International Market Share Rivalry,” Journal of International Economics 18, 83-100.
Buchanan, J., 1967, Public Finance in Democratic Process: Fiscal Institutions and Individual Choice, University of North Carolina Press.
Cassing, James H. and A. L. Hillman, 1985, "Political Influence Motives and the Choice between Tariffs and Quotas," Journal of International Economics 19, 279-90.
Chang, P., 2005, “Protection for Sale under Monopolistic Competition,” Journal of International Economics 66, 509-26.
Choi, J. P., 1995, “Optimal Tariffs and the Choice of Technology Discriminatory Tariffs vs. the ‘Most Favored Nation’ Clause,” Journal of International Economics 38, 143-160.
Choi, C. and H. Shin, 1992, “A Comment on a Model of Vertical Product Differentiation,” Journal of Industrial Economics 40, 229-231.
Cremer, H. and J. Thisse, 1994, “Commodity Taxation in a Differentiated Oligopoly,” International Economic Review 35, 613-633.
Crosby, P., 1979, Quality Is Free: The Art of Making Quality Certain, New York: New American Library.
Damania, R., 2003, “Protectionist Lobbying and Strategic Investment,” Economic Record 79, 57-69.
Das, S. and S. Donnenfeld, 1987, “Trade Policy and Its Impact on Quality of Imports,” Journal of International Economics 23, 77-95.
Das, S. and S. Donnenfeld, 1989, “Oligopolistic Competition and International Trade: Quantity and Quality Restrictions,” Journal of International Economics 27, 299-318.
Das, S. and G. Ghosh, 2003, “North-South Competition, Policy Rivalry and Profitability,” Working Paper.
Deneckere, R. and P. McAfee, 1996, “Damaged Goods,” Journal of Economics and Management Strategy 5, 149-174.
Dixit, A., 1984, “International Trade Policy for Oligopolistic Industries,” Economic Journal 94, 1-16.
Eaton, J. and G. Grossman, 1986, “Optimal Trade and Industrial Policy under Oligopoly,” Quarterly Journal of Economics 101, 383-406.
Ecchia, G. and L. Lambertini, 1997, “Minimum Quality Standards and Collusion,” Journal of Industrial Economics 45, 101-113.
Ederington, J. and P. McCalman, 2003, “Discriminatory Tariffs and International Negotiations,” Journal of International Economics 61, 397-424.
Feenstra, R., 1988, “Quality Change under Trade Restraints in Japanese Autos,” Quarterly Journal of Economics 103, 131-46.
Feenstra, R. and T. Lewis, 1991, “Negotiated Trade Restrictions with Private Political Pressure,” Quarterly Journal of Economics, 106(4), 1287-1307.
Ferreira, R. and J. Thisse, 1996, “Horizontal and Vertical Differentiation: The Launhardt Model,” International Journal of Industrial Organization 14, 485-506.
Fershtman, C. and K. Judd, 1987, “Equilibrium Incentives in Oligopoly,” American Economic Review 77, 927-940.
Findlay, R. and S. Wellisz, 1982, “Endogenous Tariffs, the Political Economy of Trade Restrictions and Welfare,” Import Competition and Response, University of Chicago Press.
Fontagne, L., M. Freudenberg and N. Péridy, 1998, “Intra-Industry Trade and the Single Market: Quality Matters,” CEPR Discussion Paper 1959.
Fredriksson, P., 1997, “The Political Economy of Pollution Taxes in a Small Open Economy,” Journal of Environmental Economics and Management 33, 44-58.
Fuest, C. and B. Huber, 2001, “Tax Competition and Tax Coordination in a Median Voter Model,” Public Choice 107, 97-113.
Gabszewicz, J. and J. Thisse, 1979, “Price Competition, Quality, and Income Disparities,” Journal of Economic Theory 20, 340-359.
Gatsios, K., 1990, “Preferential Tariffs and the ‘Most Favoured Nation’ Principle: A Note,” Journal of International Economics 28, 365-373.
Gawande, K., P. Krishina and M. J. Robbins, 2004, “Foreign Lobbies and US Trade Policy,” NBER Working Paper 10205, 1-34.
Gawande, K. and U. Bandyopadhyay, 2000, “Is Protection for Sale? Evidence on the Grossman-Helpman Theory of Endogenous Protection,” Review of Economics and Statistics 82, 139-152.
Gibbard, A., 1973, “Manipulation of Voting Schemes: A General Result,” Econometrica 41, 587-602.
Goldberg, P. and G. Maggi, 1999, “Protection for Sale: An Empirical Investigation,” American Economic Review 89, 1135-1155.
Greenaway, D., R. Hine and C. Milner, 1995, “Vertical and Horizontal Intra-Industry Trade: A Cross Industry Analysis for the United Kingdom,” Economic Journal 105, 1505-18.
Greenstein, S. and G. Ramey, 1998, “Market Structure, Innovation and Vertical Product Differentiation,” International Journal of Industrial Organization 16, 285-311.
Grossman, G. M. and E. Helpman, 1994, “Protection for Sale,” American Economic Review 84, 833-850.
Grossman, G. M. and E. Helpman, 1995, “Trade Wars and Trade Talks,” Journal of Political Economy 103, 675-708.
Grossman, S. and J. Stiglitz, 1980, “On the Impossibility of Informationally Efficient Markets,” American Economic Review 70, 393-408.
Herguera, I., P. Kujal and E. Petrakis, 2002, “Tariffs, Quality Reversals and Exit in Vertically Differentiated Industries,” Journal of International Economics 58, 467-492.
Hernan, R. and P. Kujal, 2002, “Market Access and Minimum Quality Standard,” Working Paper.
Hillman, A. L., 1982, “Declining Industries and Political-Support Protectionist Motives,” American Economic Review 72, 1180-1187.
Hillman, A. L., 1989, The Political Economy of Protection, Harwood Academic Publishers.
Hillman, A. L., 1991, “Protection, Politics, and Market Structure,” International Trade and Trade Policy, 118-140, MIT Press.
Hillman, A. L. and H. Ursprung, 1988, “Domestic Politics, Foreign Interests, and International Trade Policy,” American Economic Review 78, 729-745.
Hillman, A. L. and H. Ursprung, 1993, “ Multinational Firms, Political Competition, and International Trade Policy,” International Economic Review 34, 347-63.
Horn, H. and P. Mavroidis, 2001, “Economic and Legal Aspects of Most-Favor-Nation Clause,” European Journal of Political Economy 17, 233-279.
Hwang, H. and C.C. Mai, 1991, “Optimum Discriminatory Tariffs under Oligopolistic Competition,” Canadian Journal of Economics 24, 693-702.
Johnson, H., 1965, “ An Economic Theory of Protectionism, Tariff Bargaining, and the Formation of Customs Unions,” Journal of Political Economy 73, 256-286.
Kee, H., M. Olarreaga and P. Silva, 2003, “Market Access for Sale: Latin America’s Lobbying for U.S. Tariff Preferences,” CEPR Discussion Paper 4077.
Knox, D. and M. Richardson, 2002, “Trade Policy and Parallel Imports,” European Journal of Political Economy 19, 133-151.
Kolev, D. R. and T. Prusa, 1999, “Tariff Policy for a Monopolist in a Signaling Game,” Journal of International Economics 49, 51-76.
Konishi, H., K. Saggi and S. Weber, 1999, “Endogenous Trade Policy under Foreign Direct Investment,” Journal of international Economics 49, 289-308.
Krishna, K. and M. Thursby, 1991, “Optimal Policies with Strategic Distortions.” Journal of international Economics 31, 291-308.
Krueger, A., 2001, “The Political Economy of the Rent-Seeking Society,” in Landmark Papers in Economics, Politics and Law, ed. by Buchanan, J. M., 623-35.
Levy, P., 1997, “A Political Economic Analysis of Free-trade Agreement,” American Economic Review 87, 506-519.
Levy, P., 1999, “Lobbying and International Cooperation in Tariff Setting,” Journal of International Economics 47, 345-370.
Liao, P. C., 2004, “Rivalry between Exporting Countries and an Importing Country under Incomplete Information”, Academia Economic Review 32, 605-630.
Limao, N., 2005, “Trade Policy, Cross-Border Externalities and Lobbies: Do Linked Agreements Enforce More Cooperative Outcomes?” Journal of International Economics 67, 175-199.
Lipsey, R. and K. Lancaster, 1956, “The General Theory of Second Best,” Review of Economic Studies 24, 11-32.
Lipsey, R., 1960, “The Theory of Customs Unions: A General Survey,” Economic Journal 70, 496-513.
Lizzeri, A. and N. Persico, 2001, “The Provision of Public Goods under Alternative Electoral Incentives,” American Economic Review 91, 225-239.
Long, N. V. and A. Soubeyran, 1997, “Cost Heterogeneity, Industry Concentration and Strategic Trade Policies,” Journal of International Economics 43, 207-220.
Magee, C., 2002, “Endogenous Trade Policy and Lobby Formation: An Application to the Free-Rider Problem,” Journal of International Economics 57, 449-71.
Magee, S.P., W. A. Brock and L. Young, 1989, Black Hole Tariffs and Endogenous Policy Theory, Cambridge University Press.
Mayer, W., 1984, “Endogenous Tariff Formation,” American Economic Review 74, 970-985.
Michaelis, P., 1994, “Regulate Us, Please! On the Strategic Lobbying in Cournot-Nash Oligopoly,” Journal of Institutional and Theoretical Economics 150, 693-709.
Mitra, D., 1999, “Endogenous Lobby Formation and Endogenous Protection: A Long-Run Model of Trade Policy Determination,” American Economic Review 89, 1116-1134.
Mitra, D., D. Thomakos and M. Ulubasoglu, 2002, “‘Protection for Sale’ in a Developing Country: Democracy vs. Dictatorship,” Review of Economics and Statistics 84, 497-508.
Mitra, D., D. Thomakos and M. Ulubasoglu, 2006, “Can We Obtain Realistic Parameter Estimates for the ‘Protection for Sale’ Model,” Canadian Journal of Economics 39, 187-210.
Mohtadi, H and T. Roe, 1998, “Growth, Lobbying and Public Goods,” European Journal of Political Economy 14, 453-473.
Moore, M. O. and S. M. Suranovic, 1993, “Lobbying and Cournot-Nash Competition: Implications for Strategic Trade Policy,” Journal of International Economics 35, 367-376.
Moraga-González, J. and J. Viaene, 2004, “Anti-dumping, Intra-industry Trade and Quality Reversals,” Working Paper.
Moraga-Gonzalez, J. and J. M. Viaene, 2005, “Trade Policy and Quality Leadership in Transition Economies,” European Economic Review 49, 359-385.
Mork, K., 1993, “Living with Lobbying: A Growth Policy Co-opted by Lobbyists Can Be Better than No Growth Policy at All,” Scandinavian Journal of Economics 95, 597-605.
Motta, M., 1993, “Endgenous Quality Choice: Price vs Quantity Competition,” Journal of Industrial Economics 41, 113-132.
Mueller, D., 1989, Public Choice II, Cambridge University Press.
Murphy, K and A. Shleifer, 1997, “Quality and Trade,” Journal of Development Economics 53, 1-15.
Nuscheler, R., 2003, “Physician Reimbursement, Time Consistency, and the Quality of Care,” Journal of Institutional and Theoretical Economics 159, 302-322.
Olson, M., 1965, The Logic of Collective Action, Harvard University Press.
Osborne, M. and A. Slivinski, 1996, “A Model of Political Competition with Citizen Candidates,” Quarterly Journal of Economics 111, 65-96.
Panagariya, A. and D. Rodrik, 1993, “Political Economy Arguments for a Uniform Tariff,” International Economic Review 34, 685-703.
Parasuraman, A., V. Zeithaml and L. Berry, 1985, “A Conceptual Model of Service Quality and Its Implications for Future Research,” Journal of Marketing 49, 41-50.
Persson, T. and G.. Tabellini, 2002, Political Economics: Explaining Economic Policy, The MIT Press.
Persson T., G.. Roland and G. Tabellini, 2002, “Comparative Politics and Public Finance,” Journal of Political Economy 108, 1121-1161.
Qiu, L., 2004, “Lobbying, Multisector Trade, and Sustainability of Free-Trade Agreements,” Canadian Journal of Economics 37, 1061-1083.
Rama, M. and G. Tabellini, 1998, “ Lobbying by Capital and Labor over Trade and Labor Market Policies,” European Economics Review 42, 1295-1316.
Rodrik, D. , 1995, “Political Economy of Trade Policy,” Handbook of International Economics III.
Roelfsema, H., 2004, “Strategic Delegation of Environmental Policy Making,” Utrecht School of Economics Discussion Paper Series 04-11.
Ronnen, U., 1991, “Minimum Quality Standards, Fixed Costs, and Competition,” Rand Journal of Economics 22, 490-504.
Saggi, K., 2004, “Tariffs and the Most Favored Nation Clause,” Journal of International Economics 63, 341-368.
Saggi, K. and H. Yildiz, 2005, “An Analysis of the MFN Clause under Asymmetries of Cost and Market Structure,” Canadian Journal of Economics 38, 242-254.
Salant, W. and G.. Shaffer, 1999, “Unequal Treatment of Identical Agents in Cournot Equilibrium,” American Economic Review 89, 585-604.
Satterthwaite, M., 1975, “Strategy-Proofness and Arrow’s Conditions: Existence and Correspondence Theorems for Voting Procedures and Social Welfare Functions,” Journal of Economic Theory 10, 187-217.
Shaked, A. and J. Sutton, 1982, “Relaxing Price Competition through Product Differentiation,” Review of Economic Studies 49, 3-13.
Shen, T. C. and F. Y. Chen, 2006, “Optimal Quality Requirement on Imports,” Working Paper.
Sheshinski, E., 1976, “Price, Quality and Quantity Regulation in Monopoly Situations,” Economica 43, 127-137.
Sklivas, S., 1987, “The Strategic Choice of Managerial Incentives,” Rand Journal of Economics 18, 452-458.
Spence, M., 1975, “Monopoly, Quality, and Regulation,” Bell Journal of Economics 6, 417-429.
To, T., 1999, “Dynamics and Discriminatory Import Policy,” Canadian Journal of Economics 32, 1057-1068.
Tirole, J., 1988, Theory of Industrial Organization, MIT Press.
Toshimitsu, T., 2003, “Optimal R&D Policy and Endogenous Quality Choice,” International Journal of Industrial Organization 21, 1159-1178.
Tullock, G., 1981, “Lobbying and Welfare: A Comment,” Journal of Public Economics 16, 447-458.
Vandenbussche, H. and X. Wauthy, 2001, “Inflicting Injury through Product Quality: How European Antidumping Policy Disadvantages European Producers,” European Journal of Political Economy 17, 101-116.
Vickers, J., 1985, “Delegation and the Theory of the Firm,” Economic Journal 95,138-147.
Yang, C. C., 1995, “Endogenous Tariff Formation under Representative Democracy: A Probabilistic Voting Model,” American Economic Review 85, 956-963.
Ye, M. and M. Yezer, 1992, “Voting, Spatial Monopoly, and Spatial Price Regulation,” Economic Inquiry 30, 29-39.
Yeats, A., 1997, “Does Mercosure’s Trade Performance Raise Concerns about the Effects of Regional Trade Arrangements,” Policy Research Working Paper 1729.
Zhou, D., B. Spencer and I. Vertinsky, 2002, “Strategic Trade Policy with Endogenous Choice of Quality and Asymmetric Costs,” Journal of International Economics 56, 205-232.
 
 
 
 
第一頁 上一頁 下一頁 最後一頁 top
:::
無相關著作
 
無相關點閱
 
QR Code
QRCODE