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題名:供應鏈卓越之關鍵影響因素—參與決策、資訊科技的運用、組織學習能力、技術創新能力、製造彈性能力、新產品開發能力之探索研究
作者:曾河嶸
作者(外文):Ho-Rong Tseng
校院名稱:國立成功大學
系所名稱:工業管理科學系碩博士班
指導教授:林清河
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2007
主題關鍵詞:新產品開發技術創新製造彈性參與決策供應鏈管理組織學習organizational learning capabilitysupply chain members’ involvementand new product developmenttechnological innovation capabilitymanufacturing flexibilitysupply chain management
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隨著全球化與資訊科技的發展、產品生命週期大幅縮短、資訊傳遞和產品配送要求越來越快,造成企業產銷配送體系面臨巨大的變革。由於供應鏈整合可以改善企業內與企業間整體供應鏈網路之作業流程,使各環節在不論在成本、品質或效率上都能大大改進,驅使企業紛紛致力於建立自己的供應鏈體系,希望透過與供應鏈夥伴的有效整合、在最短時間內回應顧客需求,以獲致持久的競爭優勢。因此,企業開始藉由整合上、下游廠商共同合作,以獲得供應鏈整合的利益及優勢,而夥伴關係和供應鏈運作能力的建置便成為企業供應鏈策略的有力支撐要件。所以藉由供應鏈成員參與決策的策略和供應商發展堅實的夥伴關係、強化供應鏈整合能力已成為企業發展卓越供應鏈的重要課題。
本文旨在從策略的觀點探討卓越供應鏈的關鍵因素與組織績效之關聯性。依據相關文獻以邏輯建立研究模式,針對供應鏈成員參與決策策略(供應商、零售商、顧客、製造主管)、因應供應鏈整合的企業能力(資訊科技運用能力、組織學習能力、技術創新能力、製造彈性能力、新產品開發能力)與組織績效(財務績效、製造績效)等研究變數,以台灣的高科技業與傳統產業中具代表性企業為研究對象,配合問卷調查與深度訪談做探索性之研究,並以統計分析和內容分析法做為分析資料的工具。研究結果指出資訊科技的應用在推動供應鏈管理活動時扮演重要樞紐的角色。而組織在推動供應鏈的協同運作過程,供應鏈成員參與決策策略扮演著重要的策略整合角色,有助於企業與供應鏈成員建立緊密的夥伴關係。而建構卓越的供應鏈體系時,企業的組織學習能力是吸納供應鏈成員所提供的技術與知識,增加組織知識的存量與價值,提升企業內部技術、產品、與服務創新以及組織整體對外的競爭力的重要能力。同時,企業推動供應鏈時,應加入本身產業特性作為策略考量並且將供應鏈策略面的策略運用和技術面的各項實務能力有良好的配合及調整,則能產生較佳的組織績效。
As modern technology advances rapidly and the environment becomes increasingly keen and complicated, the manufacturing processes between enterprises are no longer individual but tend to connect themselves to from so-called supply chain within which any organization finds it difficult to maintain its competitive advantage by merely depending on it own capacity. While an enterprise is positively integrating value chain and its partnership with supply chain, it should be an important consideration whether its internal organization is equipped with intellectual learning capacity to absorb, digest, and acquire what the partners have offered, such as intelligence, information and knowledge. With this kind of intellectual faculty, what is provided by the resource can be applied to innovation of technology and development of new product as that the competitive advantage can be made.
This study, first of all, discusses the relationship and interrelationship between those connected dimensions, such as supply chain’s participation of decision making, information technology application, organization learning capability, technological innovation capability, manufacturing flexibly capability, new product development capability and organizational performance by way of reviewing related literature. Second, a survey study and four cases study of Taiwan’s more representative enterprise among high-tech and traditional manufacturing industries is conducted concerning those dimensions mentioned above; in the meantime, some in dept interviews of exploratory research are adopted while content analysis is used as an instrument for data analysis. The study suggests that the application of information technology plays a pivotal role in activating supply chain management activities. In the process of an organization’s promoting collaboration operations, supply chain participation in decision-making plays an important part in integration of strategies, which enables an enterprise to build up close partnership with supply chain members. In the meantime, as for constructing an excellent supply chain system, an enterprise’s organizational learning capacity has become essential strength in several aspects, inclusive of absorption of techniques and knowledge offered by supply chain members, increase of organizational knowledge in storage and value, promotion of the techniques, products, and service innovation within the firm, and enhancement of the organization’s outwardly competitive ability as a whole. Therefore, when promoting supply chain within its organization, an enterprise should not only take its industrial characteristics into strategic consideration, but also make good combination and adjustment between the strategic application of supply chain strategies and all practical abilities on technical level. Through this approach, better organizational performance can be obtained.
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