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題名：被動增強式訓練對血液中荷爾蒙、肌酸激酶及肌肉中類胰島素生長因子蛋白質表現之影響
作者：李淑玲
作者(外文)：Shu-Lin Lee
校院名稱：國立體育學院
系所名稱：體育研究所
指導教授：許美智
學位類別：博士
出版日期：2006
主題關鍵詞：肌肉損傷；類胰島素生長因子；皮質醇；睪固酮；阻力訓練；生長激素；insulin-like growth factor 1；cortisol；testosterone；growth hormone；resistance training；muscle damage
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本研究目的在探討優秀足球選手經10週之被動增強式訓練後(passive plyometric training; PP)血液中荷爾蒙(hormone)和肌肉損傷指標-肌酸激酶(creatine kinase)之變化，以及肌肉中類胰島素生長因子(insulin-like growth factor 1; IGF-1 )蛋白質表現量情形。研究中共有20名受試者，隨機分為兩組：2.5赫茲(Hz)訓練組(PP-2.5,n=10)及0.5赫茲(Hz)訓練組(PP-0.5,n=10)，進行每週二次共10週之訓練，於訓練前、訓練後進行單次高強度阻力運動測試(acute heavy-resistance exercise test; AHRET)，透過此測試以了解訓練前後肌肉修補以及荷爾蒙適應狀況，並於十週訓練前後進行肌肉穿刺(muscle biopsy)，以評估訓練對肌肉中IGF-1蛋白質含量的影響。結果發現：(1)兩組訓練前後安靜期(resting hormone)的荷爾蒙無明顯變化。(2)PP-2.5組及PP-0.5組兩組訓練前的AHRET測試反應(AHRET-week 1)，血液中壓力荷爾蒙-皮質醇(cortisol)顯著提高，但在訓練後經AHRET測試(AHRET-week 14)，cortisol濃度並無顯著的變化。(3)兩組訓練前經AHRE測試(AHRET-week 1)，血液中肌肉損傷指標(CK)在測試後24-48小時達最高點，且到72小時仍顯著高於基準點；在訓練後AHRET測試(AHRET-week 14)，兩組的CK值反應皆低於訓練前的反應，而且兩組的CK值在48小時即回復到基準點。(4)經十週訓練後，兩組肌肉內IGF-1蛋白質量皆顯著高於訓練前，而兩組間變化百分比比較，PP-0.5組顯著高於PP-2.5組。由上述結果發現，不管是0.5Hz或是2.5Hz的PP訓練，皆會促使選手體內肌肉修補及荷爾蒙反應產生適應性。由結果(4)中發現：0.5Hz訓練較2.5Hz訓練明顯提高肌肉中IGF-1濃度，因此推論對細胞修復及肌細胞分化與再生，將產生正向之影響。
The purpose of the present study investigated the effects of PP training on the hormonal responses, creatine kinase in circulation, and IGF-1 protein expression in muscle. Twenty soccer athletes were recruited for this experiment. Subjects were divided into two training groups, 2.5 Hz-frequency PP training group (PP-2.5, n=10) and 0.5 Hz-frequency PP training group (PP-0.5, n=10). Subjects trained two times a week for 10 weeks. They performed at a resistance initial 70% of one repetition maximum on the PP training machine. Subjects performed 10 repetitions per set for 5 sets with 2-min rest periods. Hormone concentrations at rest and after acute heavy-resistance exercise test (AHRET) as well as muscle biopsy before and after training were measured. The major findings of this study were that, (1) the resting hormone concentrations did not change in both groups after training. (2) the cortisol concentrations at post-0.5 were significantly increased as compared with pre-ex in both PP-2.5 and PP-0.5 groups after performing acute heavy-resistance exercise test at week-1 (AHRET-week 1). However, the cortisol responses in week-14 (AHRET-week 14), there were no acute changes at any time point in both groups. (3) CK levels were significantly elevated above pre-ex value in both groups after performing acute heavy-resistance exercise test in week-1 (AHRET-week 1). CK responses at week-14 (AHRET-week 14) were lower than at week 1 (AHRET-week 1) in both groups. (4) IGF-1 protein expression in muscle was significantly increased after training in both groups. The percentage change of IGF-1 (before vs. after training) in PP-0.5 group was higher than in PP-2.5 group. In conclusion, both frequencies of PP training could elicit a reduction in the catabolic hormonal responses, resulting in a more favorable anabolic environment for reduced protein degradation or increased protein synthesis. And the IGF-1 protein expression in 0.5 Hz frequency PP training was higher than in 2.5 Hz frequency of PP training.
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