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題名:在一個困難的視覺搜尋作業中的運動訊息可吸引注意力
作者:郭美孚
作者(外文):Mei-fu Kuo
校院名稱:國立中正大學
系所名稱:心理學所
指導教授:襲充文
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2008
主題關鍵詞:運動訊息視覺搜尋注意力作業困難度目標物-干擾物相似度motionvisual searchattentiontask difficultytarget-distractor similarity
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雖然過去文獻顯示irrelevant motion無法攫取注意力,本實驗嘗試檢驗:在困難的視覺搜尋作業中,運動訊息是否可藉由吸引注意力而幫助或干擾搜尋歷程;以及目標物-干擾物之間的相似度是否會影響作業困難度。由於本實驗主要不在探討irrelevant motion攫取注意力能力,因此對運動訊息的操弄將不同於過去一些有關irrelevant feature的研究。在目標物出現的嘗試次當中將有一半的嘗試次包含的是一運動中的目標物。在實驗一中,不同的目標物-干擾物相似度的操弄始作業困難度有所不同,並且在不同的作業困難度之下,運動訊息所能造成的影響也有差異。在一相當困難的實驗中發現運動訊息在目標物上的幫助,而運動訊息在干擾物上則無產生明顯作用。在實驗二中,我們增加運動干擾物在畫面中的比率,觀察在這種情況下,運動干擾物是否可產生影響。結果顯示當目標物也在動時,較多的運動干擾物使原先的水平搜尋斜率無法展現。而實驗三的設計是為了檢驗:目標物及其周圍干擾物之間動靜的局部對比是否是造成實驗二結果的可能原因。綜合三個實驗,我們認為跟作業無關的運動訊息可以吸引注意力並幫助受試者偵測目標物的出現。
Although previous studies showed that irrelevant motion can not capture attention, in the present study, we aimed for examining whether motion signal can help or disrupt the search process by attracting attention in a difficult visual search task. Because the goal was not testing the attention capturing effect as previous literatures, we would not use the irrelevant motion. The motion signal was either added onto the target or distractors and the motion coincided with target in half of the target-present trials. In Experiment 1, different target-distractor similarity was also manipulated and the different task difficulty was shown. Furthermore, different influences contributed by the motion signal would be observed under the search difficulty. In the most difficult task, we found the help from motion but no disruption. Consequently in Experiment 2, the proportion of moving distractors was increased to test whether more motion signal could produce some influences. The result showed that when target moved, more motion signal made the flat search slope disappeared. Experiment 3 was designed to examine whether the local contrast which was defined by the statuses of target and distractors nearby it was a possible reason for the result of Experiment 2. Taken the results in three experiments together, we concluded a task-irrelevant motion could attract attention and had ability to help the detection of target.
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