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題名：品質機能展開應用於新產品開發之模糊數學規劃模式
作者：柯文長 引用關係
作者(外文)：Wen-Chang Ko
校院名稱：國立成功大學
系所名稱：工業與資訊管理學系碩博士班
指導教授：陳梁軒
學位類別：博士
出版日期：2008
主題關鍵詞：品質機能展開；風險分析；新產品開發；模糊數學規劃模式；Kano 概念模式；Fuzzy mathematical programming models；Risk analysis；Kano’s concept；New product development (NPD)；Quality function deployment (QFD)
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面對產品生命週期愈來愈短的客戶導向時代，在新產品開發 (new product development, NPD)的活動中，四階段的品質機能展開 (QFD) 是一項有效的客戶導向工具，並且有助於客戶滿意度最大化的達成。 利用QFD於新產品的設計與開發活動中必須包含完整的四個階段，主要的決策工作在於決定“如何做” (how)的執行度水平，其中分別包括：設計需求 (design requirements, DRs)、設計特徵零組件 (part characteristics, PCs)、製程參數 (process parameters, PPs) 和生產需求(production requirements, PRs)等四項。 然而，在QFD的研究文獻中，大部分的研究僅聚焦在QFD第一階段有關決定設計需求或客戶滿意度最大化的問題上。 本研究延伸Chen and Weng (2003) 所提出之QFD第一階段的研究模式，考慮風險分析與產品開發價值鏈一致性等相關因素，作為模式中的限制條件，首先，建立QFD四階段活動一系列的模糊線性規劃模式。 其次，考慮QFD各階段輸出項之重要性非一致的概念，利用Kano概念模式與模糊數排序法對QFD各階段之“如何做”進行分類，並考慮相似於模糊線性規劃模式的相關限制條件，提出一系列QFD四階段活動的模糊非線性規劃模式。 由於新產品在設計開發階段具有不確定性的本質，模糊理論的方法在本研究中被應用於QFD與風險分析等相關的問題上。最後，經由個案的演算來說明本研究所提出之決策模式的實用性。
In the short life-cycle and customer-driven markets, quality function deployment (QFD) is a useful customer-driven tool in processing new product development (NPD) in order to maximize customer satisfaction. Determining the fullfillment levels of “how”, including design requirement (DRs), parts characteristics (PCs), process parameters (PPs) and production requrement (PRs) is an important decision problem during the four-phase QFD activity processes for NPD. Unlike the existing literature, only focusing on the determination of DRs, this study extends Chen and Weng’s model (2003) and presents a serious of fuzzy linear programming models to achieve the determined contribution levels of each “how” for customer satisfaction. In addition, considering the risk analysis and NPD value chain, this study incorporates these issues into QFD processes, which are treated as the constraints in the models. According to the fact that the importance of the each “how” of QFD is not consensus, this study uses Kano’s concept and fuzzy number ranking method to categorize each “how” and then constructs a serious of fuzzy nonlinear programming models based on the similar conditions of the fuzzy linear programming models for the sme purposes. To cope with the vague nature of NPD processes, fuzzy approaches are used for QFD, risk analysis and relevant issues. Finally, the illustration of the prosed models is performed with a numerical example to demonstrate the applicability in practice.
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