1. Agarwal, R., & Karahanna, E. (2000). Time flies when you're having fun: Cognitive absorption and beliefs about information technology usage. MIS Quarterly, 24(4), 665-692.
2. Ahn, T., Ryu, S., & Han, I. (2007). The impact of Web quality and playfulness on user acceptance of online retailing. Information & Management, 44(3), 263-275.
3. Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational behavior and human decision processes, 50(2), 179-211.
4. Anderson, J.C., & Gerbing, D.W. (1988). Structural equation modeling in practice: A review and recommended two-step approach. Psychological bulletin, 103(3), 411-423.
5. Apple. (2010). Apple introduces new iPod touch. Retrieved October 17, 2010, from http://www.apple.com/pr/library/2010/09/01ipodtouch.html
6. Atkinson, M.A., & Kydd, C. (1997). Individual characteristics associated with World Wide Web use: An empirical study of playfulness and motivation. ACM SIGMIS Database, 28(2), 53-62.
7. Barnett, L.A. (1990). Playfulness: Definition, design, and measurement. Play and Culture, 3(4), 319-336.
8. Bearden, W.O., & Etzel, M.J. (1982). Reference group influence on product and brand purchase decisions. Journal of Consumer Research, 9, 183-194.
9. Bentler, P.M., & Bonett, D.G. (1980). Significance tests and goodness of fit in the analysis of covariance structures. Psychological bulletin, 88(3), 588-606.
10. Berlyne, D.E. (1971). Aesthetics and psychobiology. New York: Meredith Corporation.
11. Bloch, P.H. (1995). Seeking the ideal form: product design and consumer response. The Journal of Marketing, 59, 16-29.
12. Brynjolfsson, E., & Kemerer, C.F. (1996). Network externalities in microcomputer software: An econometric analysis of the spreadsheet market. Management Science, 42(12), 1627–1647.
13. Bock, G., Zmud, R.W., & Kim, Y. (2005). Behavioral intention in knowledge sharing: Examining the roles of extrinsic motivators, social psychological forces, and organizational climate. MIS Quarterly, 29(1), 87–111.
14. Carayon-Sainfort, P. (1992). The use of computers in offices: Impact on task characteristics and worker stress. International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction, 4(3), 245-261.
15. Castañeda, J.A., Muñoz-Leiva, F., & Luque, T. (2007). Web acceptance model (WAM): Moderating effects of user experience. Information & Management, 44(4), 384-396.
16. Chass (2005). Structural equation modeling. Retrieved May 30, 2010, from http://www2.chass.ncsu.edu/garson/pa765/structur.htm#sem
17. Chau, P.Y.K. (2001). Influence of computer attitude and self-efficacy on IT usage behavior. Journal of End User Computing, 13(1), 26-33.
18. Chen, J.V., Yen, D.C., & Chen K. (2009). The acceptance and diffusion of the innovative smart phone use: A case study of a delivery service company in logistics. Information & Management, 46(4), 241-248.
19. Childers, T.L., & Rao, A.R. (1992). The influence of familial and peer-based reference groups on consumer decisions. Journal of Consumer Research, 198-211.
20. Childers, T.L., Carr, C.L., Peck, J., & Carson, S. (2001). Hedonic and utilitarian motivations for online retail shopping behavior. Journal of Retailing, 77(4), 511-535.
21. Churchill, G.A.A. (1979). Paradigm for developing better measures of marketing constructs. Journal of Marketing Research, 16(3), 64-73.
22. Chun, S.Y., & Hahn, M. (2007). Network externality and future usage of Internet services. Internet Research, 17(2), 156-168.
23. Cohen, P. (2006). Study: iPod dominance unthreatened for 18 months. Retrieved April 18, 2009, from http://www.macworld.com/article/53561/2006/10/dominance. html
24. Creusen, M.E.H., & Schoormans, J.P.L. (2005). The different roles of product appearance in consumer choice. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 22(1), 63-81.
25. Cyr, D., Bonanni, C., Bowes, J., & Ilsever, J. (2005). Beyond trust: Web site design preferences across cultures. Journal of Global Information Management, 13(4), 25-54.
26. Cyr, D., Head, M., & Ivanov, A. (2006). Design aesthetics leading to m-loyalty in mobile commerce. Information & Management, 43(8), 950-963.
27. Davis, F.D. (1989). Perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and user acceptance of information technology. MIS Quarterly, 319-340.
28. Davis, F.D., Bagozzi, R.P., & Warshaw, P.R. (1989). User acceptance of computer technology: A comparison of two theoretical models. Management Science, 35(8), 982-1003.
29. Davis, F.D., & Venkatesh, V. (1996). A critical assessment of potential measurement biases in the technology acceptance model: Three experiments. International Journal of Human–Computer Studies, 45(1), 19–45.
30. Dickinger, A., Arami, M., & Meyer, D. (2008). The role of perceived enjoyment and social norm in the adoption of technology with network externalities. European Journal of Information Systems, 17(1), 4-11.
31. Fang, X., Chan, S., Brzezinski, J., & Xu, S. (2006). Moderating effects of task type on wireless technology acceptance. Journal of Management Information Systems, 22(3), 123-157.
32. Fishbein, M., & Ajzen, I. (1975). Belief, attitude, intention and behavior: An introduction to theory and research. MA: Addison-Wesley.
33. Fornell, C., & Larcker, D.F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of marketing research, 18(1), 39-50.
34. Ha, I., Yoon, Y., & Choi, M. (2007). Determinants of adoption of mobile games under mobile broadband wireless access environment. Information & Management, 44(3), 276-286.
35. Hair, J.F., Anderson, R.E., Tatham, R.L., & Black, W.C. (1998). Multivariate data analysis: Prentice-Hall, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ, USA.
36. Hassenzahl, M. (2004). The interplay of beauty, goodness, and usability in interactive products. Human-Computer Interaction, 19(4), 319-349.
37. Hassenzahl, M., Burmester, M., & Koller, F. (2003). AttrakDiff: Ein Fragebogen zur Messung wahrgenommener hedonischer und pragmatischer Qualitat. Paper presented at the Mensch & Computer 2003: Interaktion in Bewegung.
38. Hatcher, L. (1994). A step-by-step approach to using the SAS system for factor analysis and structural equation modeling: SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA.
39. Herrero Crespo, Á., & Rodríguez Del Bosque Rodríguez, I.A. (2008). The effect of innovativeness on the adoption of B2C e-commerce: A model based on the Theory of Planned Behaviour. Computers in Human Behavior, 24(6), 2830-2847.
40. Herrero Crespo, Á., & Rodríguez Del Bosque Rodríguez, I.A. (2008). Explaining B2C e-commerce acceptance: An integrative model based on the framework by Gatignon and Robertson. Interacting with Computers, 20(2), 212-224.
41. Hong, S.J., & Tam, K.Y. (2006). Understanding the adoption of multipurpose information appliances: The case of mobile data services. Information Systems Research, 17(2), 162-179.
42. Hong, W., Thong, Y.L.J., Wong, W.M., & Tam, K.Y. (2002). Determinants of user acceptance of digital libraries: An empirical examination of individual differences and system characteristics. Journal of Management Information Systems, 18(3), 97-124.
43. Horton, R.P., Buck, T., Waterson, P.E., & Clegg, C.W. (2001). Explaining intranet use with the technology acceptance model. Journal of information technology, 16(4), 237-249.
44. Hsu, C.L., & Lin, J.C.C. (2008). Acceptance of blog usage: The roles of technology acceptance, social influence and knowledge sharing motivation. Information & Management, 45(1), 65-74.
45. Hsu, C.L., & Lu, H.P. (2004). Why do people play on-line games? An extended TAM with social influences and flow experience. Information & Management, 41(7), 853-868.
46. Hsu, C.L., & Lu, H.P. (2007). Consumer behavior in online game communities: A motivational factor perspective. Computers in Human Behavior, 23(3), 1642-1659.
47. Hsu, M.-H., & Chiu, C.-M. (2004). Internet self-efficacy and electronic service acceptance. Decision Support Systems, 38(3), 369-381.
48. Hu, P.J., Chau, P.Y.K., Sheng, O.R.L., & Tam, K.Y. (1999). Examining the technology acceptance model using physician acceptance of telemedicine technology. Journal of Management Information Systems, 16(2), 91-112.
49. Igbaria, M., Parasuraman, S., & Baroudi, J.J. (1996). A motivational model of microcomputer usage. Journal of Management Information Systems, 13(1), 127-143.
50. Jeyaraj, A., Rottman, J.W., & Lacity, M.C. (2006). A review of the predictors, linkages, and biases in IT innovation adoption research. Journal of information technology, 21(1), 1-23.
51. Jordan, P.W. (1998). Human factors for pleasure in product use. Applied Ergonomics, 29(1), 25-33.
52. Karvonen, K. (2000). The beauty of simplicity. Proceedings on the 2000 conference on Universal Usability, 85-90.
53. Katz, M.L., & Shapiro, C. (1985). Network externalities, competition, and compatibility. The American economic review, 75(3), 424-440.
54. Katz, M.L., & Shapiro, C. (1986). Technology adoption in the presence of network externalities. The Journal of Political Economy, 94(4), 822-841.
55. Kim, K. (1998). Philosophical discussion on the science of emotion and sensibility. The Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility, 1(1), 3–11.
56. Kline, R.B. (2005). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling (2nd. ed ed.): New York: The Guilford Press.
57. Lavie, T., & Tractinsky, N. (2004). Assessing dimensions of perceived visual aesthetics of web sites. International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 60(3), 269-298.
58. Lee, D., Rhee, Y., & Dunham, R.B. (2009). The role of organizational and individual characteristics in technology acceptance. International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction, 25(7), 623-646.
59. Lee, J.J. (2007). Newly-appointed president of samsung (Taiwan), Announced aggressive plans regarding mobile phones and MP3 players sectors for Taiwan's market. Retrieved April 23, 2009, from http://cti.acesuppliers.com/news/ new_1_10.html
60. Lee, K.C., Kang, I., & Kim, J.S. (2007). Exploring the user interface of negotiation support systems from the user acceptance perspective. Computers in Human Behavior, 23(1), 220-239.
61. Lieberman, J.N. (1977). Playfulness: Its relationship to imagination and creativity. New York: Academic Press.
62. Lin, C., Shih, H., & Sher, P.J. (2007). Integrating technology readiness into technology acceptance: The TRAM model. Psychology & Marketing, 24(7), 641–657.
63. Lin, C.-P., & Bhattacherjee, A. (2007). Extending technolgy usage models to interactive hedonic technologies: A theoretical model and empirical test. Information Systems Journal, 20(2), 163-181.64. Lin, C.-P., & Bhattacherjee, A. (2008) Elucidating individual intention to use interactive information technologies: The role of network externalities. International Journal of Electronic Commerce, 13(1), 85-108.
65. Lin, C.S., Wu, S., & Tsai, R.J. (2005). Integrating perceived playfulness into expectation-confirmation model for web portal context. Information & Management, 42(5), 683-693.
66. Lin, J.C.-C., & Lu, H.P. (2000). Towards an understanding of the behavioural intention to use a web site. International Journal of Information Management, 20(3), 197-208.
67. Lindgaard, G., & Dudek, C. (2003). What is this evasive beast we call user satisfaction? Interacting with Computers, 15(3), 429-452.
68. Liu, C., & Arnett, K.P. (2000). Exploring the factors associated with web site success in the context of electronic commerce. Information & Management, 38(1), 23-33.
69. Liu, X., & Wei, K.K. (2003). An empirical study of product differences in consumers’ E-commerce adoption behavior. Electronic Commerce Research and Applications, 2(3), 229-239.
70. Lo´ pez-Nicola´ s, C., Molina-Castillo, F.J., & Bouwman, H. (2008). An assessment of advanced mobile services acceptance: Contributions from TAM and diffusion theory models. Information & Management, 45(6), 359-364.
71. Lou, H., Luo, W., & Strong, D. (2000). Perceived critical mass effect on groupware acceptance. European Journal of Information Systems, 9(2), 91-103.
72. Lu, H.P., & Hsiao, K.L. (2009). Gender differences in reasons for frequent blog posting. Online Information Review, 33(1), 135-156.
73. Lucas, H.C., & Spitler, V.K. (1999). Technology use and performance: A field study of broker workstations. Decision Sciences, 30(2), 291-311.
74. Mahler, A., & Rogers, E.M. (1999). The diffusion of interactive communication innovations and the critical mass: The adoption of telecommunications services by German banks. Telecommunications Policy, 23(10-11), 719-740.
75. Martocchio, J.J., & Webster, J. (1992). Effects of feedback and cognitive playfulness on performance in microcomputer software training. Personnel Pyschology, 45(3), 553-578.
76. Moon, J.W., & Kim, Y.G. (2001). Extending the TAM for a World-Wide-Web context. Information & Management, 38(4), 217-230.
77. Nisbet, S.L. (2006). Modelling consumer intention to use gambling technologies: An innovative approach. Behaviour & Information Technology, 25(3), 221-231.
78. Nunnally, J.C. (1967). Psychometric theory. New York: McGraw-Hill.
79. Ong, C.S., & Lai, J.Y. (2006). Gender differences in perceptions and relationships among dominants of e-learning acceptance. Computers in Human Behavior, 22(5), 816-829.
80. Pae, J.H., & Hyun, J.S. (2002). The impact of technology advancement strategies on consumers’ patronage decisions. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 19(5), 375-383
81. Park, Y., & Chen, J.V. (2007). Acceptance and adoption of the innovative use of smartphone. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 107(9), 1349-1365.
82. Park, S., Choi, D., & Kim, J. (2004). Critical factors for the aesthetic fidelity of web pages: Empirical studies with professional web designers and users. Interacting with Computers, 16(2), 351-376.
83. Pedhazur, E.J., & Schmelkin, L.P. (1991). Measurement, design, and analysis: An integrated approach. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
84. Pettit, F.A. (2002). A comparison of World-Wide Web and paper-and-pencil personality questionnaires. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers, 34(1), 50-54.
85. Premkumar, G., Ramamurthy, K., & Liu, H.N. (2008). Internet messaging: An examination of the impact of attitudinal, normative, and control belief systems. Information & Management, 45(7), 451-457.
86. Rogers, E.M. (1983). Diffusion of innovations. New York: Free Press.
87. Rogers, E.M. (1995). Diffusion of innovations. New York: Free Press.
88. Schenkman, B.N., & Jonsson, F.U. (2000). Aesthetics and preferences of web pages. Behaviour & Information Technology, 19(5), 367-377.
89. Scott, J.E. (1995). The measurement of information systems effectiveness: Evaluating a measuring instrument. ACM SIGMIS Database, 26(1), 43-61.
90. Shang, R.A., Chen, Y.C., & Shen, L. (2005). Extrinsic versus intrinsic motivations for consumers to shop on-line. Information & Management, 42(3), 401-413.
91. Shapiro, C., & Varian, H.R. (1999). Information rules: A strategic guide to the network economy. Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press.
92. Shin, D.H. (2009). Determinants of customer acceptance of multi-service network: An implication for IP-based technologies. Information & Management, 46(1), 16-22.
93. Snyder, C.R. (1992). Product scarcity by need for uniqueness interaction: A consumer catch-22 carousel? Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 13(1), 9-24.
94. Song, J., & Wladen, E. (2007). How consumer perceptions of network size and social interactions influence the intention to adopt peer-to-peer technologies. International Journal of E-Business Research, 3(4), 49-66.
95. Strader, T.J., Ramaswami, S.N., & Houle, P.A. (2007). Perceived network externalities and communication technology acceptance. European Journal of Information Systems, 16(1), 54-65.
96. Sun, H., & Zhang, P. (2006). Causal relationships between perceived enjoyment and perceived ease of use: An alternative approach. Journal of the Association for Information Systems, 7(9), 618-645.
97. Tarasewich, P. (2003). Designing mobile commerce applications. Communications of the ACM, 46(12), 57-60.
98. Tian, K.T., Bearden, W.O., & Hunter, G.L. (2001). Consumers'need for uniqueness: Scale development and validation. Journal of Consumer Research, 28(1), 50-66.
99. Tractinsky, N., Cokhavi, A., Kirschenbaum, M., & Sharfi, T. (2006). Evaluating the consistency of immediate aesthetic perceptions of web pages. International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 64(11), 1071-1083.
100. Tucker, L.R., & Lewis, C. (1973). A reliability coefficient for maximum likelihood factor analysis. Psychometrika, 38(1), 1-10.
101. Van der Heijden, H. (2003). Factors influencing the usage of websites: The case of a generic portal in The Netherlands. Information & Management, 40(6), 541-549.
102. Van der Heijden, H. (2004). User acceptance of hedonic information systems. MIS Quarterly, 28(4), 695-704.
103. Van Slyke, C., Ilie, V., Lou, H., & Stafford, T. (2007). Perceived critical mass and the adoption of a communication technology. European Journal of Information Systems, 16(3), 270-283.
104. Venkatesh, V. (2000). Determinants of perceived ease of use: Integrating control, intrinsic motivation, and emotion into the technology acceptance model. Information Systems Research, 11(4), 342-365.
105. Venkatesh, V., & Davis, F.D. (1996). A model of the antecedents of perceived ease of use: Development and test*. Decision Sciences, 27(3), 451-481.106. Venkatesh, V., & Davis, F.D. (2000). A theoretical extension of the technology acceptance model: Four longitudinal field studies. Management Science, 46(2), 186-204.
107. Venkatesh, V., & Morris, M.G. (2000). Why don't men ever stop to ask for directions? Gender, social influence, and their role in technology acceptance and usage behavior. MIS Quarterly, 24(1), 115-139.
108. Venkatesh, V., Morris, M.G., Davis, G.B., & Davis, F.D. (2003). User acceptance of information technology: Toward a unified view. MIS Quarterly, 27(3), 425-478.
109. Wang, C.-C., Lo, S.-K., Fang, W.C. (2008). Extending the technology acceptance model to mobile telecommunication innovation: The existence of network externalities. Journal of Consumer Behaviour, 7(2), 101-110.
110. Webster, J., & Martocchio, J.J. (1992). Microcomputer playfulness: Development of a measure with workplace implications. MIS Quarterly, 16(2), 201-226.
111. Weisbein, J. (2008). The iPod Success: Thank the marketing department. Retrieved April 18, 2009, from http://www.besttechie.net/2008/03/01/the-ipod-success-thank- the-marketing-department/
112. Wixom, B.H., & Todd, P.A. (2005). A theoretical integration of user satisfaction and technology acceptance. Information Systems Research, 16(1), 85.
113. Yamamoto, M., & Lambert, D.R. (1994). The impact of product aesthetics on the evaluation of industrial products. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 11(4), 309-324.
114. Yang, X., Li, Y., Tan, C.-H., & Teo, H.-H. (2007). Students’ participation intention in an online discussion forum: Why is computer-mediated interaction attractive? Information & Management, 44(5), 456-466.
115. Yi, M.Y., Jackson, J.D., Park, J.S., & Probst, J.C. (2006). Understanding information technology acceptance by individual professionals: Toward an integrative view. Information & Management, 43(3), 350-363.
116. Zimbardo, P., & Leippe, M. (1991). The Psychology of Attitude Change and Social Influence: McGraw-Hill.