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題名：男子網球選手正拍不同擊球速度之肌肉活化與運動學分析
作者：江勁彥 引用關係
作者(外文)：Jinn-Yen Chiang
校院名稱：國立體育大學
系所名稱：競技與教練科學研究所
指導教授：湯文慈
學位類別：博士
出版日期：2014
主題關鍵詞：生物力學；肌電圖；正拍底線抽球；biomechanics；electromyography；forehand drive
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本研究目的主要探討男子網球選手正拍不同速度擊球時軀幹與上肢肌電活化程度與關節運動學之差異。以無線肌電計與3D高速攝影方式，量測6位優秀與6位一般網球選手軀幹左、右腹外斜肌、左、右豎脊肌、持拍臂肱二頭肌、肱三頭肌、屈腕肌和伸腕肌八個肌群，運動學資料分析肩、肘、腕關節擊球時角度與角速度變化，以Acknowledge軟體進行各參數之計算。統計軟體使用SPSS12.0進行混合設計二因子變異數分析，考驗擊球時不同組別與速度下，肌電活化程度與關節角度與角速度之差異，事後比較以Bonferroni法進行，顯著水準定為α=.05。
結果：一、右腹外斜肌於加速期揮擊不同球速直線球時，優秀組選手的活化程度顯著高於一般組選手(p< .05)。二、左豎脊肌、右伸腕肌於跟隨期揮擊不同球速對角線球時，一般組選手的活化程度顯著高於優秀組(p< .05)。三、肩水平內收、外展角度兩組選手於加速期揮擊直線球時，高速顯著小於低速(p< .05)。四、肩水平內收、外展角速度與肩旋內、旋外角速度兩組選手於加速期揮擊對角線擊球時，低速顯著小於高速(p< .05)。五、肘屈曲、伸展角速度與腕屈曲、伸展角速度兩組選手於跟隨期揮擊直線球時，低速顯著小於高速(p< .05)。結論：優秀男子網球選手加速擊球時會使用較多的肩旋內角速度來增加球速與抵抗來球的振動傳遞並避免肘關節的負荷過大。一般組選手可以優先強化右腹外斜肌、左豎脊肌、右肱二頭肌、右伸腕肌之肌群並增加擊球時肩旋內與旋外角速度。
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analysis the trunk and upper limb muscle activity and kinematics of different forehand drive in male tennis players. Method: Six elite and six recreational male tennis players were participated in this study. Muscle activity was determined using wireless surface electromyography and capture by the Vicon high-speed motion system. The EMG activity was recorded from eight muscles (Right external oblique: REO, Left external oblique: LEO, Right erector spinae: RES, Left erector spinae: LES, Right biceps: RB, Right triceps: RT, Right extensor carpi: REC, Right flexor carpi: RFC). The kinematics parameters were recorded from shoulder, elbow, wrist angle and angular velocity. (Shoulder addution / abdution: SHADD, Shoulder internal rotation / external rotation: SHINR, Elbow flexion / extension: ELF, Wrist flexion / extension: WRF). A two-way ANOVA with mixed design was used to evaluate on each EMG and kinematics variables. When a significant difference was revealed, Bonferroni post hoc test was used to specify where the difference occurred. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.
Results: 1. During down the line acceleration phase, the REO activation of the elites group was significantly higher than the recreational group players (p <.05). 2. During crosscourt follow-through phase, the LES and REC activation of the recreational group was significantly higher than the elites group (p <.05). 3. During down the line acceleration phase, the high speed forehand drive of the SHADD angle was significantly less than the low speed (p <.05). 4. During crosscourt acceleration phase, the low speed forehand drive of the SHADD and SHINR angular velocity was significantly less than the high speed (p <.05). 5. During down the line follow-through phase, the forehand drive low speed of the ELF, WRF angular velocity was significantly less than the high speed (p <.05).
Conclusion: Elite male tennis players were used more SHINR angular velocity to induce ball speed, resistance vibration transmission of ball impact and avoid excessive load on the elbow. The recreational players can priority training REO, LES RB and REC, SHINR muscles and induce SHINR angular velocity during forehand drive.
一、中文文獻
王思婷、王思宜、湯文慈、黃長福（2004）。網球雙手反拍肌肉協調型態之探討：個案研究。體育學報，36輯，85-94頁。
王苓華（2003）。網球反拍截擊動作之上肢肌肉活化與動量傳遞之研究。體育學報，35輯，59-68頁。
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