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題名：科技能耐之研究-知識網絡觀點
作者：陳建甫
作者(外文)：Chien-Fu Chen
校院名稱：長榮大學
系所名稱：經營管理研究所
指導教授：李元墩
李元德
學位類別：博士
出版日期：2015
主題關鍵詞：知識網絡；文獻計量學；社會網絡分析；科技能耐；專利分析；INK；network of knowledge；bibliometric techniques；social network analysis；technological capability；patent analysis
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本論文的研究目的乃由於科技能耐到目前為止的意義仍不完全清楚，因此充份的研究這個主題對管理學術界實屬必要。本研究認為，專利資訊乃基於長期積累了一定的科技能耐的一種研發活動的指標。本研究採用兩個不同的資料庫來做资料探勘，將資訊及知識網絡轉化合成為研究問題。這項研究的目的是透過學術界最重要的出版物和最重要的學者以及這些出版物之間的關聯性來研究科技能耐知識結構的演變和無形的知識網絡。
本論文由三個相關的研究組成，每一個研究都已經公開發表在期刊、學報以及研討會中。每個研究都包含並運用了不同的工具及概念。第1個研究提供了一個知識網路的研究方法。該研究試圖創建一個將用於本論文之知識生產之無形網路(INK model)新概念。除了知識網絡的傳統觀念優勢，INK model是通過共引網絡分析架構出更全面的模型。第 2個研究指出，專利數據庫中存儲了大量的尚未被發現、持有及驗證的知識。該研究探討是否有一個基於理論本質的知識網絡在這些研究的背後。與第1個研究和第2個研究的知識網絡的對比，第3個研究是專門研究另一種類型的專利活動。該研究探討中國的發明活動以及中國和其他主要工業化國家或地區之間的國際合作模式。這項研究分析了來自美國專利和商標局（USPTO）中專門對於中國和八個最具創意的經濟合作組織國家和兩個亞洲經濟體（韓國和台灣）的聯合專利申請之專利數據。這三項研究的貢獻乃是開發新的知識網絡的概念，以及專利方法的實際應用和測試。
The main theme inherent in this dissertation is that technological capability is not fully understood and, as a field of inquiry, it remains understudied. This research contends that patent information is a manifestation of inventive activities, which are in turn based on certain technological capabilities accumulated over time. This study uses the two perspectives of data mining into knowledge and the knowledge work concept to synthesize this research problem. The objective of this study is to investigate the evolution of the intellectual structure of technological capabilities and to apply a theory of invisible network of knowledge (INK) through which the most important publications and the most important scholars as well as the correlations among these publications.
This dissertation is composed of three related studies. The main theme inherent in the three constituent manuscripts of this dissertation, each in various stages of the publication process, is that technological capability is not fully understood, and, as a field of inquiry, it remains understudied. Each of the study in this dissertation will modestly advance the state of our knowledge of the subject in different directions by applying a set of tools, measures, concepts, and procedures to take advantage of invaluable competitive information. Study 1 provides a “methodology of knowledge network”. The study tries to create a new concept of “an invisible network of knowledge production in a discipline (an INK Model),” which was used for this study. In addition to the advantages of the traditional concept of a knowledge network, the INK is a more comprehensive model developed by co-citation network analysis. Study 2 states that patent databases have stored a wealth of publicly held and verified knowledge that have not received the attention they fully deserve. This study examines whether there is a knowledge network behind these studies in terms of a theoretical landscape of theory essentials. All key nodes point to a strong presence of the constituents of theory essentials of this long-established interdisciplinary field. In contrast with Study 1 and 2, which figure out the knowledge network of patent studies, Study 3 is devoted to studying another type of patent activities. In order to assess the progress China has made in technology development, this study examines inventive activities in China and the pattern of international collaborations between China and other major industrialized countries or regions. This study analyzes the patent data from the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) focusing on joint patent applications between China and the eight most inventive OECD countries and two Asian economic entities (South Korea and Taiwan).
The contributions in the three studies are divided between developing new concepts, patent methodology for practical application, and testing those concepts. These three studies on aspects of patents and technology-based capabilities have modestly pushed forward the research frontier from crude database mining toward, at least, a basis for the acquisition of knowledge, if not the knowledge itself. The studies have developed both the necessary theoretical conceptualization and practical measures for empiricism to assist us in detecting patterns of concentration, specialization, and collaboration in technology-based capabilities.
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