葛若思的文化轉譯：西方女性主義與藏傳佛教的對話__臺灣人文及社會科學引文索引資料庫

:::

詳目顯示

第 1 筆 / 總合 1 筆

/1頁

論文基本資料
摘要
外文摘要
參考文獻

題名：	葛若思的文化轉譯：西方女性主義與藏傳佛教的對話
作者：	高家萱
作者(外文)：	Kao, Chia Hsuan
校院名稱：	國立政治大學
系所名稱：	宗教研究所
指導教授：	李玉珍
學位類別：	博士
出版日期：	2016
主題關鍵詞：	葛若思；女性主義；藏傳佛教；伊喜措嘉；文化轉譯；Rita M. Gross；Feminism；Tibetan Buddhism；Yeshe Tsogyel；Cultural Translation
原始連結：	連回原系統網址
相關次數：	歷年統計：被引用次數:期刊(0) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(0) 排除自我引用:0 共同引用:0 點閱:34

當代邁向宗教多元，展開性別平等的對話實屬必要，因為在宗教內部中的性別體制似乎早已被質疑，女性主義性別意識與基督宗教造物者神聖的衝突更是重要的引言議題。當代女性主義宗教研究不但早已確定女性身體的救贖意義，更保障女性選擇宗教信仰的自由；然而，在新女性性別平等觀點出現之前，佛教女性成佛的故事、菩薩變性、藏佛代表諸法智慧的女神，雖先與基督宗教一神男性中心的主張有「性別平等」的差異外，至今仍能源源不絕提供女性宗教學者重新整理多元文化下宗教自由與女性靈性的論述，使得異教女神信仰作為女性主義挑戰基督宗教男善女惡的辯論主軸，更是紮實、著力。
本論文希望透過「譯本和異文化」、「父神和女權」、「女神和女佛」、「終極真實和女性靈性」，此四層次閱讀葛若思(Rita M. Gross, 1943-2015)的女性主義佛教思想，了解她先如何將女性主義性別意識擴及到佛教信仰體系下無我、不二和方便法的價值觀，再以女性主義反父權和男神一神思想，建構出佛教化的女性主義性論述，助益了解為何基督宗教文化下受父權壓迫的女性選擇信仰佛教女神，而這更能回溯西方女性主義宗教學者在介入異信仰體系時，其女性主義「譯」言位置建構的方式是如何與「異」信徒邊緣處境串聯出宗教上文化轉譯的意義。這個文化轉譯是先將佛教三身對位為西方的終極真實，再以女性主義性別意識確定男尊女卑不平等的普世現象，隨後刻意將女性身體與女神空相聯繫在一起，完整出女性主義佛學化的性別論述。在女性主義和藏傳佛教的對話過程中，葛若思提出女性自我定義信仰價值的加值化(revalorization)，進而合理化西方女性主義僭越異宗教傳統的性別體系，先顛覆基督宗教以男神為主軸的信仰認同，再實踐其所謂的性別空性和「佛教即女性主義」的論述。
本論文指出性別平等作為女性靈性論述中同聲複調的終極真實，在女性主義本質論之下，突顯父神文化挫敗女信徒的自我價值和信仰認同的基督宗教神學傳統。葛若思以藏傳伊喜措嘉(Yeshe Tsogyel, 757 – 817)一世成佛、大乘無我和空性說做為新自我和女性定位的渡船，不但批判了西方、一元、基督宗教男神觀中的性別二分價值，也文化轉譯出藏傳佛教活佛轉世的(後)現代性。本論文中，也輔以80年代以降女性主義神學家(如戴莉Mary Daly)的女性主義神學性別論點，指出葛若思的佛學性別研究一方面是建立在批評基督宗教男善女惡之上，一方面是建構女性成佛和女佛轉世的思想，作為她在此兩大宗教性別觀所另外開拓出的中介觀點(liminality)，以肯定葛若思在父權壓抑、性別(不)認同和女性靈性中所開創的學術貢獻。
論文第一章為緒論，包括研究動機、問題意識和研究方法三小節。第二章介紹葛若思的生平和著作；第三章整理葛若思女性主義佛教研究的學術淵源，第四章以三個面向(非女性主義思維方式、女性主義思維方式、女性主義和翻譯研究)深入葛若思的佛教研究。第五章以葛若思對基督宗教、女性主義神學家、美國佛教徒和東方佛教徒等四個角度的批判，來了解葛若思的女性主義信仰。第六章綜論葛若思女性主義宗教研究的影響；第七章為結論，對葛若思女性主義化的佛教研究提出展望和建議。

以文找文

With assured theology-as-male-oppression statements by feminist religious scholars, de-gendering and re-gendering belief systems of the other have been flourished; the current intercultural religiousness and interfaith dialogues, in fact, contributed to this de- and re- phenomenon. While the feminist-theologians or thealogists are articulating that feminine principle should dominate the Ultimate Reality and the Sacred, asking for a gender-balanced Church lineage, demanding more gender-based comprehensions when reading the Bible, or exploring diverse values from goddess traditions, from where several shortened distances between the Supreme Being and the female devotees could be possible, Rita M. Gross (1934 – 2015) has converted to Tibetan Buddhism, and declared that “Buddhism is feminism” marks her comparative studies to be a work of revalorization, asserting that gender is as nondual as the Buddhist egolessness, as skillful as a bodhisattva’s upaya, as ultimate as the dynamic emptiness, and being physically female is also potential to gain the Buddhist enlightenment and achieve Buddhahood in one lifetime. What, then, should have been hybridized between the theological and biblical inferiority of women in the western society and the ultimate femaleness that Gross as a feminist Buddhist grounded? And how can this western, white, American female scholar articulate her Buddhist belief and meditative practices to the eastern, Asian, Buddhist culture by learning second-handed, English-written Buddhist doctrines? In terms of cultural translation as inter-engaged ultimate truths, Gross’ being a feminist religious scholar seems to be not less provoking than inspiring.
In this dissertation, I plan to understand Gross’ feminist-Buddhist studies, from where the concepts such as interfaith dialogue, comparative religious patterns, cultural translation, thealogical issues, and female spirituality help a lot in clarity and insight to Gross’ feminist-identified and feminism-oriented analyses on the nonduality of gender, gender as upaya and emptiness, and the interrelationship between a female Buddha and her western devotees.
Chapters one and two are a brief introduction about the biographical, academic and social contexts of Rita Gross and her Buddhist studies. Chapter three gives a multi-faced exploration that has interlinked to Gross’ feminist-Buddhist scholarships, relating to the Cobb-Abe Christian-Buddhist dialogue, the ideas of religious diversity from Paul Knitter and John Hick, the various types of feminist theologian scholars and thealogians. Certain Buddhist concepts like nonduality, bodhicitta and Buddhist sense of gender, liberation, equality are briefly mentioned so as to perceive her anti-theological and post-patriarchal standing grounds.
Chapters four and five focus on Gross’ feminist methodology and two main statements: Buddhism is feminism and the heart of Vajrayana is feminism, dealing with the talents how Gross’ feminist religious beliefs deconstruct the western, male-dominated, monotheistic tradition by translating Yeshe Tsogyel (757 – 817), the Buddha Mother, to a gender-as-emptiness, ultimate value system, indicating a non-Christian alternative faith or a goddess devotion could be established in the near future. Within her re-reading and interpreting the life experience of this Buddha Mother with Tibetan Buddhist doctrines on motherhood, physical value and thealogical ideals, Gross re-evaluates the mythic, Tibetan, historical wife-queen figure into the feminist, thealogical, universal prototype for the global sentient.
Chapter six highlights on Gross’ Buddhist-feminist contributions to the contemporary, the postmodern and to the eastern. The conclusion, chapter seven, provides a holistic perspective about Gross’ Buddhist feminist issues with some concerns relating to feminist Buddhist studies.

以文找文

中文資料
大唐于闐三藏提雲般若奉制譯，《佛說大乘造像功德經》，《大正新脩大正藏》第十六冊。
《大乘莊嚴經論》，《大正新脩大正藏》，第三十一冊。
姚秦三藏法師鳩摩羅什譯，《妙法蓮華經觀世音菩薩普門品》。
王志成、陳志平譯，John Hick著，在《理性與信仰：宗教多元論諸問題》。成都：四川人民，2002.
王志成、思竹譯，John Hick著，《上帝道成肉身的隱喻》。南京：江蘇人民，2000。
王志成譯，Paul Knitter著，《宗教對話模式》。北京：中國人民大學，2004。
———《宗教之解釋－人類對超越者的回應》。成都：四川人民，1998。
心靈工坊，〈序〉，《生命如此美麗：在逆境中安頓身心》，網址：http://www.psygarden.com.tw/writer.php?func=author&authorid=164de59-f1c9b8eef2-430c39be61c0387dbb73fd41ea39cd9. Retrieved 2016.06.07.
向紅笳，〈藏傳佛教在北美的傳播〉，網址：http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_755ee2620102vvdm.html。2015.07.22.
呂艾倫中譯，June Campbell著，《空行母 – 性別、身分定位以及藏傳佛教》，台北：正智，2012。
刑莉著，《華夏諸神 – 觀音卷》。台北：雲龍，1999。
李玉珍、林美玫主編，《婦女與宗教》。台北：里仁，2003。
李玉珍，〈比丘尼研究- 佛教與性別研究的交涉〉，《法光雜誌》，2002，一月148期。
———〈母女情結：台灣女性出家與繼承家庭角色的兩難〉，胡台麗，許木柱編，《情感、情緒與文化：台灣社會的文化心理研究》。台北：中研院民族所，2002。363-404。
———〈《長老尼偈》的修辭敘事──兼以對照《長老偈》〉(《佛學研究中心學報》，第九期，2004 年。http://enlight.lib.ntu.edu.tw/FULLTEXT/JR-BJ011/bj112020.pdf.
———〈修行制度與性別〉，《修行性別社會專輯〈上〉》，第八十三期。新竹：香光莊嚴，2005。
林水秀，〈何謂「女性心靈」簡瑛瑛怎麼說〉。《台灣立報》，2001.11.29.
林鎮國，《空性與現代性：從京都學派、新儒家到多音的佛教詮釋學》。台北：立緒，1999。
吳汝均，《絶對無的哲學: 京都學派哲學導論》。台北：商務，1998。
房建昌，〈藏傳佛教在美國的興盛及其發展〉，《西藏民族學院學報》，1989年第1期，頁87—96。http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_755ee2620101hu9w.html。2013.12.02.
康樂、簡惠美譯，韋伯(Max Weber)著，《印度的宗教：印度教與佛教 II》。台北：遠流，1996。
唐小兵譯，詹明信(Fredric Jameson)著，《後現代主義與文化理論》，台北：合志，1989。
靳文穎譯，丘揚創巴著，《動中修行》。台北：眾生文化，1999。
神林隆淨。《菩薩思想的研究》。許洋譯。台北: 華宇，1984。
黃懷秋，〈女性神學與聖經詮釋〉，《輔仁宗教研究》第十二期，2005冬。21-52。
郭淑清譯，《蓮師傳: 蓮花生大士的生平故事》。台北: 橡樹林，2009。
楊克勤，《女男之間 – 女性神學與詮釋學》(香港:建道，1995)。
楊克勤、梁淑貞譯，Rosemary Ruether著，《性別主義與言說上帝》，香港: 道豐，2004。
賴賢宗，〈導論〉，《佛教詮釋學的建構與反思》，http://www.ntpu.edu.tw/rcewph/majorstudy/major2--articles/major2_4-1.htm。
陳美華，〈解讀比丘在西方人眼中的隱含〉，李玉珍、林美玫主編，《婦女與宗教》。台北：里仁，2003。頁333-362。
陳黃慶雲，〈女性神學的淵源、釋經傳統與其講道風格〉，《台灣浸信會神學院學術季刊》，2004，59-83。
簡瑛瑛編《女性心/靈之旅：女族傷痕與邊界書寫》。台北：女書文化，2003。
盧蕙馨，〈現代佛教女性的身體語言與性別重建：以慈濟功德會為例〉，李玉珍、林美玫主編，《婦女與宗教》。台北：里仁，2003。頁219-280。
劉安雲譯，Huston Smith著，《人的宗教》。台北：立緒，2013。
劉康，《對話的喧聲:巴赫汀文化理論述評》。臺北：麥田，1995。
劉婉俐，〈珍貴與神聖的身體：藏傳佛教「道次第」與身體觀〉，《輔仁宗教研究》第二十七期（2013 年秋），頁93-126。
———《藏傳佛教傳記的主體性與空性：伊喜措嘉佛母密傳的敘事研究》。台北：輔仁大學，2000。
劉婉俐譯，《空行教法：蓮師親授空行母伊喜·嘉措之教言合集/伊喜措嘉佛母輯錄付藏》。台北：橡樹林，2007。
釋恆清，《菩提道上的善女人》。台北：東大，1995。

英文書籍和期刊資料
Abraham, William. Canon and Criterion in Christian Theology: from the Fathers to Feminism. Oxford: Oxford UP, 2002.
Abe, Masao. “A Dynamic Unity in Religious Pluralism: a Proposal from the Buddhist Point of View.” Eds. Roger Corless and Paul Knitter’s Buddhist Emptiness and Christian Trinity . New York: Orbis Books, 1990.
Allione, Tsaltrim. Women of Wisdom. New York: Snow Lion, 2000.
Anderson, P. S. A Feminist Philosophy of Religion: the Rationality and Myths of Religious Belief. Oxford: Blackwell, 1998.
Ann Loades, ed. Feminist Theology: A Reader. Louisville: Westminster John Knox, 1990.
Bachmann-Medick, Doris. Cultural Turns: New Orientations in the Study of Culture (translated by Adam Blauhut) Boston: Walter de Gruyter GmbH, 2016.
Bakhtin, M. M. The Dialogic Imagination: Four Essays (edited by Michael Holquist, trans. Caryl Emerson & Michael Holquist. Austin: Texas UP, 1981.
Barrow, R. H. The Romans. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1975.
Bassnett, Susan. “The Translation Turn in Cultural Studies,” Constructing Cultures: Essays on Literary Translation (edited by Susan Bassnett and Andre Lefevere. Clevedon: Multilingual Masters, 1998. 123-139.
---. Translation Studies. London: Routledge, 2002.
Benjamin, Walter. “The Task of the Translator” (Walter Benjamin: Selected Writings 1913- 1926. Eds. Marcus Bullock and Michael W. Jennings. Cambridge: Harvard UP, 1996. 253 -263. http://users.clas.ufl.edu/burt/deconstructionandnewmediatheory/walterbenjamintasktranslator.pdf
Bhabha, Homi. Location of Culture. London: Routledge, 1994.
Boucher, Sandy. “Appreciating the Lineage of Buddhist feminist Scholars.” Feminist Theologies: Legacy and Prospect. 117-128.
---. Discovering Kwan Yin, Buddhist Goddess of Compassion: A Path toward Clarity and Peace. Boston: Beacon, 1999.
Buckley, Thomas and Alma Gottlieb. Blood Magic: The Anthropology of Menstruation. Berkeley: California UP, 1998.
Peter Burke and R. Po-chia Hsia’s Cultural translation in early modern Europe. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 2007.
Bynum, Catherine. Fragmentation and Redemption: Essays on Gender and Human Body in Medieval Religion. New York: Zone, 1991.
---. The Resurrection of the Body in Western Christianity, 200-1336. New York: Columbia UP, 1995.
--. Jesus as Mother: Studies in the Spirituality of the High Middle Ages. Berkeley: California UP, 1984.
Cabezón, José Ignacio. Ed. Buddhism, Sexuality and Gender. New York: State University of N. Y., 1985.
Chamberlain, Lori. “Gender and the Metaphorics of Translation.” http://www.unesco.uj.edu.pl/documents/2205554/33980917/CHAMBERLAIN,%20LORI.pdf. Retrieved 2015.09.20
Clark, Beverley. “Human Sexuality and the Concept of God/ess.” Women and Religious Traditions. Ed. Leona M. Anderson and Pamela Dickey Young. New York: Oxford UP, 2004. 115-133.
Cornille, Catherine, Jillian Maxey. “What do Women Bring to the Dialogue Table.” Eds. Women and Interreligious Dialogue. Eugene: Cascade, 2013.
Christ, Carol. Rebirth of the Goddess. Mississippi: Addison-Wesley, 1997.
Clark, Beverley. “Human Sexuality and the Concept of God/ess.” Women in Religious Traditions. 115-133.
Clifford, James. Routes: Travel and Translation in the Late Twentieth Century. Cambridge: Harvard, 1997.
Cobb, John. Beyond Dialogue: Toward a Mutual Transformation of Christianity and Buddhism. Eugene: Wipf Stock, 1982.
Cooey, Paula M., William R. Eakin and Jay B. McDanie. Eds. After Patriarchy Feminist Reconstructions of the World Religions. New York: Orbis, 1992.
Daly, Mary. The Church and the Second Sex. Boston: Beacon, 1968.
---. Beyond God the Father: toward a Philosophy of Women’s Liberation. Boston: Beacon, 1973.
Davis, Kathleen. Deconstruction and Translation. Manchester: St. Jerome, 2001.
Derrida, Jacques. Margins of Philosophy. translated by Alan Bass, Chicago: Chicago UP, 1981.
Dowman, Keith. Sky Dancer: the Secret Life and Songs of the Lady Yeshe Tsogyel. London: Routledge, 1984.
Eller, Catherine Eller. Living in the Lap of the Goddess: the Feminist Spirituality Movement in America. New York: Crossroad, 1993.
Faure, Bernard. The Power of the Denial: Buddhism, Purity and Gender. Princeton: Princeton, 2003.
Fiorenza, Elizabeth Schüssler. Sharing Her Word: Feminist Biblical Interpretation in Context. Edinburgh: T & T Clark, 1998.
---. Rhetoric and Ethics: Ethics: The Politics of Biblical Studies. Minneapolis: Fortress, 1999.
Fontaine, Carole R. “The Abusive Bible: On the Use of Feminist Method in Pastoral Contexts.” Reading the Bible: Approaches, Methods, and Strategies. Eds. Athalya Brenner & Carole Fontaine. Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn, 2001. 84-113.
Gentzler, Edwin. Ed. Contemporary Translation Theories. New York: Multilingual Matters, 2001.
Gilmore, Leigh. Autobiographics: A Feminist Theory of Women’s Self-representation (Ithaca: Cornell UP, 1994).
Goodman, Steven D. and Ronald M. Davidson. Eds.Tibetan Buddhism: Reason and Revelation. New York: State of New York UP, 1992.
Grahn, J.. Blood, Bread and Roses: How Menstruation Created the World. Boston: Beacon, 1993.
Gross, Rita. Buddhism after Patriarchy: A Feminist History, Analysis, and Reconstruction of Buddhism. NY: State University of New York Press, 1993.
---. “Some Buddhist Perspectives on the Goddess.” Women and Goddess Traditions: in Antiquity and Today 407-425.
---. Soaring and Settling: Buddhist Perspectives on Contemporary Social and Religious Issues. New York: Continuum, 1998.
---. ed. Buddhists Talk about Jesus vs. Christians Talk about the Buddha. New York: Continuum, 1999.
---. “Buddhist Theology?” Buddhist Theology: Critical Reflections by Contemporary Buddhist Scholars. Eds. Roger Jackson and John Makransky. Surrey: Curzon, 2000. 53-60.
---. ed. Religious Feminism and the Future of the Planet: A Buddhist-Christian Conversation. New York: Continuum, 2001.
---. “How American Women are Changing Buddhism,” Shambhala Sun, July 2005. http://www.pbs.org/thebuddha/blog/2010/apr/1/how-american-women-are-changing-buddhism-rita-m-gr/.
---. A Garland of Feminist Reflections: Forty Years of Religious Reflection. Berkeley: California UP, 2009.
---. “What do Women Bring to the Dialogue Table.” Women and Interreligious Dialogue. Ed. Catherine Cornille and Jillian Maxey. Eugene: Cascade, 2013. 231-50.
---. Religious Diversity: What's the Problem? Buddhist Advice for Flourishing with Religious Diversity. Oregon: Cascade Books, 2014.
Gyatso, Geshe Kelsang. Buddhism in the Tibetan Tradition. London: Routledge, 1984.
Hampson, Daphne. Theology and Feminism. Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1990.
Heine, Steven. Ed. Buddhism and Interfaith Dialogue: part one of a two-volume sequel to Zen and western thought. Honolulu : Hawaii UP, 1995.
Hick, John. "Forward" to Masao Abe’s Zen and Western Thought. Ed. William R. LaFleur. Hawaii: Hawaii UP, 1975.
hook, bell. Feminism Theory: from Margin to Center. London: Pluto, 1984.
Isherwood, L., D. McEwan. Introducing Feminist Theology. Sheffield: Sheffield Academic, 1987.
Jackson, Roger. “Hermeneutics and Dharmology: Finding an American Buddhist Voice.” Buddhist Theology: Critical Reflections by Contemporary Buddhist Scholars. Eds. Roger Jackson and John Makransky. Surrey: Curzon, 2000. 95-107.
Jantzen, Grace M. Becoming Divine: towards a Feminist Philosophy of Religion. Bloomington: Indiana UP, 1999.
Lopez, Donald S Jr. ed. Buddhist Scriptures. London: Penguin, 2004.
---. Ed. Buddhist Hermeneutics. Honolulu: Hawaii UP, 1988.
Keiji, Nishitani. Religion and Nothingness. translated by Jan Van Bragt. Berkeley: California UP, 1982.
King, Karen. Ed. Women and Goddess Traditions: in Antiquity and Today. Minneapolis: Fortress, 1997.
King, Richard. Orientalism and Religion: Postcolonial Theory, India and The Mystic East. London: Routledge, 1999.
Knitter, Paul. No Other Name? A Critical Survey of Christian Attitudes toward World Religions. New York: Orbis, 1985.
Konik, Adrian. Buddhism and Transgression: the Appropriation of Buddhism in the Contemporary West. London: Brill, 2009.
Kristeva, Julia. Revolution in Poetic Language. New York: Columbia UP, 1984.
---. In the Beginning was Love. https://vilt.files.wordpress.com/2010/05/in_the_beginning_was.pdf.
Lefevere, Andre. Translating Literature: Practice and Theory in a Comparative Literature Context. New York: Modern Language, 1992.
Letty M. Russell, ed. Feminist Interpretation of the Bible. Westminster Press, 1985.
Levering, Miriam. “Lin-chi (Rinzai) Ch'an and Gender: The Rhetoric of Equality and the Rhetoric of Heroism.” Women and Goddess Traditions: in Antiquity and Today 137-76.
Littau, Karin and Luise von Flotow’s Translation and Gender: Translating in the Era of Feminism. Manchester: St. Jerome, 1997.
Konik, Adrian. Buddhism and Transgression: the Appropriation of Buddhism in the Contemporary West. Leidon: Brill, 2009.
Lynne, Long. Translation and Religion: Holy Untranslatable?. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters, 2005.
Makransky, John. Buddhist Theology: Critical Reflections by Contemporary Buddhist Scholars. Surrey: Curzon, 2000.
Noriko, Kawahashi. “Book Review: Rita Gross’ Buddhism after Patriarchy.” Japanese Journal of Religious Studies. 21:4. 445-449.
Paul, Diana. Women in Buddhism: Images of the Feminine in Mahāyāna Tradition. Berkeley: California UP, 1985.
Raphael , Melissa. Thealogy and Embodiment: The Post-Patriarchal Reconstruction of Female Sacrality. Sheffield: Sheffield UP, 1996.
---. Introducing Thealogy: Discourse on the Goddess. Sheffield Academic Press, 1999.
Reed, Barbara Reed. “The Gender Symbolism of Kuan-Yin Bodhisattva.” Buddhism, Sexuality and Gender. 159-180.
Ruether, R. R.. Sexism and God-Talk: Towards a Feminist Theology. London: SCM, 1983.
---. Womanguides: Readings toward a Feminist Theology. Boston: Beacon, 1985.
---. Feminist Theologies: Legacy and Prospect. Minneapolis: Fortress, 2007.
Reid-Bowen, Paul. Goddess as Nature: Towards a Philosophical Thealogy. Hampshire: Ashgate, 1988.
Sabin, Marie. “The Bible as a Site for Struggle: Rethinking Elizabeth Schüssler Fiorenza.” Review Article in Crosscurrents. http://www.crosscurrents.org/essays/htm#sabin.
Sawyer, Deborah F and Diane M. Collier. Eds. Is There a Future for Feminist Theology?. Sheffield: Sheffield, 1999.
Schulenburg , Jane Tibbetts. Forgetful of Their Sex: Female Sanctity and Society ca. 500 - 1100 . Chicago: Chicago, 1998.
Segal, L. Is the Future Female? Troubled Thoughts on Contemporary Feminism. London: Virago, 1987.
Shaw, Miranda. Passionate Enlightenment: Women in Tantric Buddhism. New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1994.
Steiner, George. After Babel: Aspects of Language and Translation. Oxford: Oxford, 1975.
Storey, John. “Cultural Translation.” Cultural Theory and Popular Culture: A Reader. London: Routledge, 2006. 138-158.
Streete, Gail Corrington. “Women as Sources of Redemption and Knowledge in Early Christian Traditions.” Women & Christian Origins. eds. Ross S. Kraemer and Mary R. D’angelo. New York: Oxford UP, 1999. 330-354.
Tsomo, Karma Lekshe. “The Fourth International Conference on Buddhist Women.” Buddhist-Christian Studies 16: 217-220. 1996.
Trungpa, Chogyam. “Meditation and Action.”
http://www.studiesincomparativereligion.com/public/articles/Meditation_and_Action-by_Chogyam_Trungpa.aspx. Retrieved 2016.06.07.
Williams, Paul. Mahayana Buddhism: the Doctrinal Foundations. London: Routledge, 1989.
Ward, Graham. The Postmodern God: a Theological Reader. London: Blackwell, 1997.

推文
推薦
引用網址
引用嵌入語法
轉寄

top

:::

相關期刊
相關論文
相關專書
相關著作
熱門點閱

1.	愛倫凱在中國：文化轉譯與性別化論述

無相關博士論文

無相關書籍

無相關著作

無相關點閱

QR Code

臺灣人文及社會科學引文索引資料庫系統

詳目顯示

臺灣人文及社會科學引文索引資料庫