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題名:認真性休閒與心流體驗之關係:情境涉入與休閒投入所扮演之角色
作者:陳美存
作者(外文):Chen, Mei-Tsun
校院名稱:國立嘉義大學
系所名稱:行銷與觀光管理學系研究所
指導教授:曹勝雄
鄭天明
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2016
主題關鍵詞:認真性休閒心流體驗情境涉入休閒投入serious leisureflow experiencesituational involvementleisure engagement
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認真性休閒與心流體驗間的關係已受到相當的關注,過往研究亦證實認真性休閒特質會影響心流體驗的發生。然而,此兩者間的關係是否真的如此單純?本研究認為遊憩者在參與活動的過程中會受到外在環境與個人態度的影響,其中情境涉入與休閒投入是影響個人體驗的重要因素。因此,為了能釐清情境涉入與休閒投入對認真性休閒與心流體驗間所扮演之角色,本研究共分成二個部分進行,研究一探討認真性休閒、情境涉入與心流體驗間之關係,並檢視情境涉入的中介與調節之雙重效果。研究二則探究認真性休閒、休閒投入與心流體驗間之關係,並檢驗休閒投入在認真性休閒與心流體驗間之中介與調節效果。
研究一和研究二分別運用結構方程模式建構及實證研究變數之間的因果關係,透過問卷調查方式,針對潛水遊憩者進行資料蒐集。研究結果如下:研究一發現認真性休閒特質愈明顯之遊憩者,愈能擁有較高的情境涉入與心流體驗。當遊憩者之情境涉入程度愈高時,其愈能獲得心流體驗,而情境涉入在認真性休閒與心流體驗間扮演著中介與調節角色。亦即認真性休閒會透過情境涉入進而影響心流體驗之外,而在高度情境涉入下,認真性休閒特質對心流體驗的影響,將會高於低度情境涉入時所造成的影響。研究二證實認真性休閒特質愈高的遊憩者,其對活動的休閒投入則愈高,且休閒投入會直接影響心流體驗的發生。此外,休閒投入亦在認真性休閒與心流體驗間兼具中介與調節之角色。最後依據研究結果提出若干管理意涵與未來研究建議。
The relationship between serious leisure and flow experience has been paid more attention. In previous studies could evidence that the effect of serious leisure characteristics on flow experience which these two constructs are directly related. This study indicated that there are effects of external environment and personal attitude during the recreationists participated the activity. This implies that the situational involvement and leisure engagement are critical in determining the extent and type of personal relevance experienced. Thus, in order to clarify the roles of situational involvement and leisure engagement on serious leisure and flow experience. The following two parts are examined: The first study investigates the relationships between serious leisure, situational involvement, and flow experience, whilst also exploring the mediating and moderating effect of situational involvement. There is the second study investigating the effects of serious leisure, leisure engagement, and flow experience, whilst also exploring the mediating and moderating effect of leisure engagement.
Structural equation modeling approach is used in the first study and the second study, and self-administered questionnaires are designed to collect empirical data from diving recreationists. The first study reveals evidence of the following linkages: those recreationists exhibiting significant serious leisure characteristics also possessed increased levels of situational involvement and flow experience, while recreationists with higher levels of situational involvement were found to possess increased flow experience. Situational involvement was also found to mediate and moderate the relationship between the other two variables. The influence of serious leisure characteristics on flow experience is mediated through situational involvement, with the level of influence being directly related to the level of situational involvement.
The results of the second study show that recreationists exhibiting significant serious leisure characteristics also possessed increased levels of leisure engagement, while recreationists with higher levels of leisure engagement were found to possess increased flow experience. Leisure engagement was also found to mediate and moderate the relationship between serious leisure and flow experiences. The findings of this study not only have managerial implications but also provide suggestions for future research.
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