一、中文部分
交通部觀光局(1995)。旅行業導遊、領隊人員簡介。台北：觀光局。
邱皓政（2003）。結構方程模式。台北：雙葉書廊。
陳嘉隆 (2015)。 旅行業經營與管理：展開數位旅遊健康的新視野。台北：華立圖書。
羅文輝 (1986)。 Q 方法的理論與應用。民意學術專刊，春季號。
盧欽銘(1989)。「Q技術」，於楊國樞、文崇一、吳聰賢、李亦園編著，「社會及行為科學研究法下冊」。台北：東華書局。
二、英文部分
Agrusa, J. (1994). Group tours in Hawaii. Annals of Tourism Research, 21(1), 146-147.Ap, J., & Wong, K. F. (2001). Case study on guiding: professionalism, issues, and problems. Tourism Management, 22(4), 551-563.
Ashforth, B. E., & Humphrey, R. H. (1993). Emotional labor in service roles: the influence of identity. Academy of Management Review, 18(1), 88-115.Bagozzi, R. P., & Yi, Y. (1988). On the evaluation of structural equation model. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Sciences, 16(1), 74-94.Bakewell, C., & Mitchell, V. W. (2006). Male versus female consumer decision making. Journal of Business Research, 59(12), 1297-1300.
Bao, Y. F., & Mckercher, B. (2008). The effect of distance on tourism in Hong Kong: a comparison of short haul and long haul visitors. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 13(2), 101-111.
Bastaits, K., Ponnet, K., Van Peer, C., & Mortelmans, D. (2015). The parenting styles of divorced fathers and their predictors. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 32(5), 557-579.
Bearden, W. O., & Richard, G. N. (1999). Handbook of marketing scale (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Bitner, M. J., Booms, B. H., & Mohr, L. A. (1994). Critical service encounters: The employee’s viewpoint. Journal of Marketing, 58(4), 95-106.
Blake, R. R., & Mouton, J. S. (1964). The managerial grid. Texas: Gulf Publishing.
Bono, J. E., & Judge, T. A. (2004). Personality and transformational and transactional leadership: a meta-analysis. Journal of Applied Psychology, 89(5), 901-910.
Bowie, D., & Chang, J. C. (2005). Tourist satisfaction: a view from a mixed international guided package tour. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 11(4), 303-322.
Browne, M. W. & R. Cudeck. (1993). Alternative ways of assessing model fit. In K.
Carlson, D. S., Kacmar, K. M., & Williams, L. J. (2000). Construction and initial validation of a multidimensional measure of work-family conflict. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 56(2), p. 249-276.
Chan, A., Hsu, C. H., & Baum, T. (2015). The impact of tour service performance on tourist satisfaction and behavioral intentions: a study of Chinese tourists in Hong Kong. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 32(1-2), 18-33.
Chang, K. C. (2014). Examining the effect of tour guide performance, tourist trust, tourist satisfaction, and flow experience on tourists’ shopping behavior. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 19(2), 219-247
Chen, T. L., Hsin, E., & Shen, C. C. (2010). The professional competences of tour leader for china route in Taiwan. Proceedings of the 16th Annual Asia Pacific Tourism Association (APTA) Conference (pp. 503-9), Macao S. A. R., China.
Chuchill, G. A. (1979). A paradigm for developing better measures of marketing constructs. Journal of Marketing Research, 16(1), 64-73.Clark, R. A., Hartline, M. D., & Jones, K. C. (2009). The effects of leadership style on hotel employees’ commitment to service quality. Cornell Hospitality Quarterly, 50(2), 209-231.
Cohen, E. (1985). The tourist guide: the origins, structure and dynamics of a role. Annals of Tourism Research, 12(1), 5-29.DeVellis, R. F. (1991). Scale development: Theory and application. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
Ekinci, Y., & Riley, M. (2001). Validating quality dimension. Annals of Tourism Research, 28(1), 202-223.Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement errors. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39-50.Gefen, D., Straub, D., & Boudreau, M. C. (2000). Structural equation modeling and regression: Guidelines for research practice. Communications of AIS, 4(7), 1-80.
Geva, A., & Goldman, A. (1991). Satisfaction measurement in guided tours. Annals of Tourism Research, 18(2), 177-185.
Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2010). Multivariate data analysis (7th ed). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Heung, V. C. S. (2008). Effects or tour leader’s service quality on agency’s reputation and customers’ word-of-mouth. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 14(4), 305-315.
Hiu, A. S. Y., Siu, N. Y. M., Wang, C. C. L., & Chang, L. M. K. (2001). An investigation of decision-making styles of consumers in China. Journal of Consumer Affairs, 35(2), 326-345.
Ho, C. I., & Lee, Y. L. (2007). The development of an e-travel service quality scale. Tourism Management, 28, 1434-1449.
Holloway, J. C. (1981). The guided tour: a sociological approach. Annals of Tourism Research, 8(3), 377-402.
Huang, S. S., Hsu, C. H., & Chan, A. (2010). Tour guide performance and tourist satisfaction: a study of the package tours in Shanghai. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 34 (1), 3-33.Huang, S. S., Weiler, B., & Assaker, G. (2015). Effects of interpretive guiding outcomes on tourist satisfaction and behavioral intention. Journal of Travel Research, 54(3), 344-358.
Jarvenpaa, S. L., Tractinsky, N., & Vitale, M. (2000). Consumer trust in an internet store. Information Technology and Management, 1(1-2), 45.Jonathon, H., Rik T., & Brenda, S. (2001). Investigating the roles of the indigenous tour guide, IAA Conference, 91-97.
Judge, T. A., Bono, J. E., Ilies, R., & Gerhardt, M. W. (2002). Personality and leadership: a qualitative and quantitative review. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87(4), 765-780.
Kassarjian, H. H. (1977). Content analysis in consumer research. Journal of Consumer Research, 4(1), 8-18.Kang, J. Y. M., Kim, K. P. J., & Wu, J. (2014). Consumer style inventory and intent to social shop online for apparel using social networking sites. Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management, 18(3), 301-320.
Kroeber, A. L. (1963). An anthropologist looks at history. California: University of California Press.
Lee, J. E., Almanza, B. A., Jang, S. S., Nelson, D. C., & Ghiselli, R. F. (2013). Does transformational leadership style influence employees’ attitudes toward food safety practices?. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 33, 282-293.
Lincoln, Y. S., & Guba, E. G. (1985). Naturalistic Inquiry. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
Lopez, E. M. (1980). The effect of leadership style on satisfaction levels of tour quality. Journal of Travel Research, 18(4), 20-23.
Luoh, H. F., & Tsaur, S. H. (2014). The effects of age stereotypes on tour leader roles. Journal of Travel Research, 53(1), 111-123Mak, A. H. N., Wong, K. K. F., & Chang, R. C. Y. (2011). Critical issues affecting the service quality and professionalism of the tour guides in Hong Kong and Macau. Tourism Management, 32(6), 1442-1452.
Mancini, M. (2001). Conducting tours. USA: Delmar Thomson Learning.
Mokhlis, S., & Salleh, H. S. (2009). Consumer decision-making styles in Malaysia: an exploratory study of gender differences. European Journal of Social Sciences, 10(4), 574-584.
Mokhlis, S. (2010). Religious contrasts in consumer shopping styles: a factor analytic comparison. Journal of Business Studies Quarterly, 2(1), 52-64.Mossberg, L. L. (1995). Tour leaders and their importance in charter tours. Tourism Management, 16(6), 437-445.
Nunnally, J. C. (1978). Psychometric theory. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Oliver, R. L. (1997). Satisfaction: A behavioral perspective on the customer. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Poynter, J. M. (1993). Tour design, marketing and management. New Jersey: Regent-Prentice Hall.
Quiamzade, A., Mugny, G., & Falomir-Pichastor, J. M. (2009). Epistemic constraint and teaching style. European Journal of Psychology of Education, 24(2), 181-190.
Quiroga, I. (1990). Characteristics of package tours in Europe. Annals of Tourism Research, 17(2), 185-207.
Ronan, W. W., & Latham, G. P. (1974). The reliability and validity of the critical incident technique: A closer look. Studies in Personnel Psychology, 6(1), 53-64.Saarinen, E. (1985). The search for form in art and architecture. New York: Dover Publications.
Sauerländer, W. (1983). From stilus to style: reflections on the fate of a notion. Art History, 6(3), 253-270.
Saxe, R., & Weitz, B. A. (1982). The SOCO scale: a measure of the customer orientation of salespeople. Journal of Marketing Research, 19(3), 343-351.
Schmidt, C. J. (1979). The guide tour: insulated adventure. Urban Life, 7(4), 441-576.
Schuchat, M. G. (1983). Comforts of group tours. Annals of Tourism Research, 10(4), 465-477.
Strauss, A., & Corbin, J. M. (1997). Grounded theory in practice. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Stephenson, W. (1953). The study of behavior: Q-technique and its methodology. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
Sternberg, R. J. (1994). Allowing for thinking styles. Educational leadership, 52(3), 36-40.
Suh, T., & Kwon, I. W. G. (2002). Globalization and reluctant buyers. International Marketing Review, 19(6), 663-672.
Taiwan Tourism Bureau. (2015). Tourism statistics in Taiwan. Taipei: Tourism Bureau, Ministry of Transportation and Communication.
Tromp, D., M, & Blomme, R. J. (2014). Leadership style and negative work-home interference in the hospitality industry. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 26(1), 85-106.Tsaur, S. H., & Yen, C. H., & Yang, W. Y. (2011). Do job characteristics lead to employee creativity in travel agencies? International Journal of Tourism Research, 13(2), 191-204.
Tsaur, S. H., & Liang, Y. W. & Hsu, H. J. (2012). A multidimensional measurement of work-leisure conflict. Leisure Sciences, 34(5), 395-416.
Tsaur, S. H., & Lin, W. R. (2014). Selection criteria of an overseas travel intermediary for group package tours: application of fuzzy analytic hierarchy process. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 38(3), 283-303.
Tumer R. H. (1956). Role-taking, role standpoint, and reference-group behavior. American Journal of Sociology, 61(4), 316-328.
Vinkenburg, C. J., van Engen, M. L., Eagly, A. H., & Johannesen-Schmidt, M. C. (2011). An exploration of stereotypical beliefs about leadership styles: is transformational leadership a route to women’s promotion? The Leadership Quarterly, 22(1), 10-21.Vogt, J. (1976). Wandering: Youth and travel behavior. Annals of Tourism Research, 4, 74-105.
Wang, K. C., Hsieh, A. T., & Chen, W. Y. (2002). Is the tour leader an effective endorser for group package tour brochures? Tourism Management, 23(5), 489-498.
Wang, K. C., Hsieh, A. T., & Huan, T. C. (2000). Critical service features in group package tour: an exploratory research. Tourism Management, 21(2), 177-189.
Wang, K. C., Ma, A. P., Hsu, M. T., Jao, P. C., & Lin, C. W. (2013). Seniors’ perceptions of service features on outbound group package tours. Journal of Business Research, 66(8), 1021-1027.
Weiler, B., & Black, R. (2014). Tour guiding research: Insights, issues, and implications. Bristol: Channel View Publications.
Wong, J. Y., & Lee, W. H. (2012). Leadership through service: an exploratory study of the leadership styles of tour leaders. Tourism Management, 33(5), 1112-1121.
Wong, J. Y., & Wang, C. H. (2009). Emotional labor of the tour leaders: an exploratory study. Tourism Management, 30(2), 249-259.
World Federation of Tourist Guide Associations (2010). What is a tourist guide? Retrieved March 17, 2011, from http://www.wftga.org/main.php?page=what_is_a_tourist_guide
Zhang, L. F. (2009). From conceptions of effective teachers to styles of teaching: implications for higher education. Learning and Individual Differences, 19(1), 113-118.