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題名:金融科技策略性選擇與銀行經營績效之研究
作者:陸芊螢
作者(外文):LU, CHEN-YING
校院名稱:國立高雄第一科技大學
系所名稱:財務金融學院博士班
指導教授:林英星
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2017
主題關鍵詞:FinTech二階段資料包絡分析法差額變數效率矩陣波士頓矩陣FinTechTwo-Stage DEASlack Variable AnalysisEfficiency matrix
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金融科技─Financial Technology,簡稱FinTech,近幾年已成為金融界的潮流顯學,然國內文獻顯少以實證研究來評估導入FinTech對銀行績效的影響,且業界衡量FinTech績效僅多使用簡易的財務指標分析或市場調查分析,既忽略非財務面因素對整體效率的影響也無法反映銀行多重投入與產出之特性。本研究的貢獻為採二階段及三步驟的研究設計對銀行導入FinTech的績效進行實證分析,運用二階段資料包絡分析法檢視2015~2016年國內銀行FinTech之服務效率與獲利效率;再搭配效率矩陣、BCG矩陣及差額變數分析,找出績優銀行可仿效之處與待改進銀行應調整的投入產出項目數額;最後將資料包絡分析無法內生化的變數輔以Tobit迴歸模型詮釋,藉以弭補過去研究所缺,俾作為銀行在實務管理上之多元參考。實證結果發現:服務能力有效率的銀行約佔整體50%、獲利能力有效率的銀行約佔59%,兩者皆有效率的銀行僅佔36%,顯示銀行導入FinTech之服務能力和獲利能力尚未充分整合,績效相對優異的銀行集中在金控銀行(兆豐、國泰、富邦、玉山等),金控銀行在FinTech經營上較非金控銀行具規模優勢;而績效待改善銀行主要無效率的原因為固定資產無法有效配置、有效信用卡數無法創造相對獲利、以及規模無效率;Tobit迴歸結果顯示,行動銀行APP下載量和跨境網購支付系統皆與FinTech整體效率呈顯著正相關,可證明行動銀行的業務擴展和第三方支付法案通過,對於銀行整體FinTech效率確實有明顯的助益,與目前銀行業經營發展現況相符,銀行產業可持續致力於行動商務及跨境支付的多元開發。
Financial Technology (Herein after referred to as FinTech) in recent years has attracted banks’ interest and become a trend of financial industries in Taiwan. However, reviewing related literature, the researcher found few empirical studies assessing the impact of FinTech's strategic choice on bank efficiency performance. The bank industry evaluates FinTech performance, often using simple and quick financial indicators analysis of market research, not only ignoring the non-financial aspects of overall efficiency of impact, but also negelecting the multiple input and output characteristics of the banking sector. The contribution of this study is to take a two-stages and three-steps research design. This study aimed to evaluate the FinTech efficiency of 22 Taiwan commercial banks in 2015/2016, using a two-stage Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method to estimate banks service efficiency, profitability efficiency, and the overall efficiency. This study also uses efficiency matrix and BCG matrix to compare the efficiency of banking sectors’, Finally, Tobit regression is adopted to examine the efficiency factors which may influence the entire process in each stage. Major findings of this research indicate that :(1) 50% of banks have service efficiency and 59% have profitability efficiency, with only 36% having both service and profitability efficiency. The results show that the banking industry need to integrate both FinTech's service and profitability efficiency. (2) FinTech's efficiency and BCG matrix analysis shows that efficient banks are Mega-sized Banks such as the Cathay Pacific Bank and other banks. The difference variance analysis finds that inefficient banks need to decrease fixed assets, and increase credit cards business for profit. (3) Bank APP download quantity shows a positive positive impact on FinTech’s overall efficiency, while the cross-border online shopping payment system shows a positive positive impact for FinTech’s overall efficiency, including service and profitability efficiency. With the government’s passing of bills to allow escrow payment, the banking industry should use this opportunity to diversify into mobile business and cross-border payments.
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