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題名:一份想像力量表編製之研究
作者:張美智
作者(外文):Chang Mei-Chih
校院名稱:國立臺北科技大學
系所名稱:技術及職業教育研究所
指導教授:林俊彥
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2017
主題關鍵詞:常模超越類比直覺想像力NormTranscendenceAnalogyIntuitionImagination
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為因應未來世界經濟變革的知識衝擊,想像力能藉由概念聯結以成功轉化知識領域引導創新發展,已經成為未來教育的核心關鍵能力。本研究以過程為觀點建構一份技專校院學生適用的想像力量表與常模。依據創造性認知研究取向的「生產探究模式」為理論基礎。以技專校院317位學生為施測對象採取半結構問卷收集資料。研究首先以紮根理論技術抽取想像力概念主軸並以關鍵事件技術分析想像力概念之權重之後,研究透過紮根理論發現想像力的觀察、分析轉化與推理過程,共獲得想像力過程隱喻的直觀、類比、超越3種主要概念與10個次概念並分析其權重為直覺22.27%、類比26.23%、超越51.5%,之後透過專家效度審查建立量表初稿並進行565位大學生預試項目分析以修訂正式量表。其次,以地區分群比例隨機抽樣作為量表施測,獲得有效樣本2975人,進行信效度分析並以變異數分析比較我國不同性別、年齡、年級、地區於想像力總分的差異,最後建構常模。
研究主要結論如下:本研究建構一份1.信度方面,Cronbach’s α信度0.935、再測信度0.752、內在相關0.497~0.886。2.效度方面,專家效度CVI值0.930、整體因素可解釋變異量69.23%;與想像力特質量表效標達到同時效標的效標關聯效度。3.背景差異方面,男性顯著優於女性、4年級顯著優於3年級、21~29歲組顯著優於18歲以下組別、北中南地區皆顯著優於東部、科學基準組的類比概念呈現顯著差異。最後,依據結論提出相關建議提供想像力教育課程及後續研究之參考。
In response to the impact of the world knowledge economics, Imagination can sucessfully transform the field of innovation development through concept association, and has become a core ability in the future education. The main purpose of this dissertation is to develop an Imagination Scale and its norm as an assessment tool by establishing a process of cognition. The initial study was conducted with Vocational College students, focusing on Geneplore model of creative cognition approach to accomplish the goal. A multi-method research strategy involved the following: First, the Imagination Scale was composed and a semi-structured questionnaire interview was administered to a total of 317 Vocational College students. Utilizing the most appropriate scale structure by performing an exploratory factor analysis of samples collected through Grounded Theory techniques, we extracted the concept of main axis and through Critical Incident techniques, we obtained the weight analysis of the imagination scale of three kinds of imagination process-observation, analysis of conversion, and reasoning, metaphor’s three major concepts (intuition, analogy, transcendence), and ten kinds of sub-concepts. The result of weight analysis is as follows; Intuition (22.27%)、Intuition, Analogy (26.23%)、Transcendence (51.5%). And the scale was developed through expert validity and item analysis on 565 university students was conducted to revise the formal scale. Secondly, By combining the Likerts scale and data analyses region Stratified random cluster sampling, the data of 2975 subjects were collected and reliability-validity scores of different genders, ages, grades and regions were compared and analyzed by variance analysis to provided highly credible model.
In the conclusions, a multi-method researched strategy included a Cronbach’s α, Construct Validity, and different background. Study 1 was conducted with Cronbachs α reliability reached 0.935, re-test reliability 0.752, internal correlate matrix 0.497-0.886. Study 2 by performing a confirmatory factor analysis, proved by experts validity CVI value of 0.930, The total variance explained by factor analysis of variance explained was 69.23%, and criterion-related analysis, imagination qualities scale and scientific criterion group also reached concurrent validity. Study 3 was conducted to compare different background of the subjects, to further examine the relationship between imagination and other factors. Regarding gender differences, males scored higher than females; for various age groups, the twenties age group scored highest; in terms of grade differences, fourth graders scored higher than third graders; participants in the northern and southern regions scored higher than those in the eastern regions. Finally, hopefull, based on the conclusions, the dissertation would contribute to the future research and education curriculum of the imagination.
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