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題名：生活事件中呈現的特殊教育─以一所國中在地經驗為例的探究
作者：盧枝英
作者(外文)：Chih-Ying Lu
校院名稱：國立東華大學
系所名稱：教育與潛能開發學系
指導教授：王應棠
學位類別：博士
出版日期：2018
主題關鍵詞：特殊教育；敘事探究；建制民族誌；障礙研究；汙名理論；多元文化教育；special education；narrative inquiry；institutional ethnography；disability study；stigma；multicultural education
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這是一篇從學校特殊教育出發的論文，論文的題目為「生活事件中呈現的特殊教育─以一所國中在地經驗為例的探究」。顧名思義是在生活事件的發展中呈現在地學校之特殊教育的樣態。此論文探索一所國中的在地經驗，研究場域中有著多族群的事實，研究從國中校園展開，接著生活事件的發展會延續到家庭、社區與社會，並從中探究這之間所延伸的議題。
研究中使用了三種研究方法，會以敘事探究將生活事件敘說出來，此部分會帶出後續的相關討論。另外，以建制民族誌來探討學校以及特殊教育與其之間的關係。最後，訪談在地中與特殊教育相關的人，將他們訪談的內容也列為研究資料之一。研究中除了運用特殊教育的相關教育理論之外，也應用了社會學的障礙研究與汙名理論等視角來家加入相關的討論。
研究結果以四部分呈現，首先，以建制民族誌的相關概念來分析學校和特殊教育的相關運作與事物。研究發現，學校以及特殊教育的確受著「建制」所影響，在這個場域中的老師雖然可以說出自己所做之事，也能分析教育場域內相關的事件，但仍然缺乏能看入制度的能力，通常是以一種片面或只與自身相關的立場來分析教育場域內所發生的事件。接著，探討特殊教育的鑑定流程以及特殊教育中相關名詞與汙名之間的關係。研究在探究特殊教育鑑定流程的過程中證實這是一個縝密而完備的程序，國家的教育藉由這樣的程序而實施「分類」的事實，而這當中不能擺脫汙名的實在性。然後，以敘事中的故事帶出學生、家庭、社區以及社會之間的關聯，研究中顯現這是一個多元族群匯聚之地，每一個學生的家庭背後有著不同的多元文化教育交織著的因素，研究藉由多元文化教育與在地經驗之間的連結畫出了家庭圖像，讓教育場域內的老師對這些學生以及家庭有更深刻的理解，而不是用場域內所慣用理論來框架他們；連帶的，教育場域內對於一些名詞的詮釋也有更深刻的想像。最後，連結特殊性與在地性，研究中以敘事呈現在地經驗的特殊性與在地的獨特性，並以此來呼應多元文化教育中包容與接納的精神，並在此基礎去思考怎樣的教育方式或是社會資源可以給在地經驗更多的理解與協助。
This was a thesis which about special education in school, and the title was “ Special education was presented in life event – example as the inquiry of a local experience in junior high school. ” The thesis explored a local junior high school experience and the research field had multi-ethnic groups. Research happened in campus, and then produced important issues when life event extended to family, community and society.
There were three research methods in the thesis. First was narrative inquiry that to narrate life event what had resulted related research issues from telling. Second was institutional ethnography that to discovery the relationships between school and special education. Third was interview that to interview the people who lived or taught in research field, and interview data were research materials. Besides the theory of special education, there were some discussions with disability study and stigma theory in the thesis.
The study had four findings; the first part which was school and special education were affected by institution. The teachers didn’t to distinguish and clarify the condition that under the whole educational system. Usually they judged many situations by their feeling and rules. The second part was explored the connection between the process of identification in special education and stigma. The study found, there was a complete and successive process of identification which on the basis of classification. And the mechanism of classification didn’t evade the reality of stigma. Third, the study showed the narrative within the students, family, community and society. And the study found, this was a multi-ethic groups where full of experiences that had interwoven multicultural education and local features. Through the display of multi-pictures, the understanding with student and family were deeper and tolerant. Moreover, the interpretations with some terms didn’t avoid the fixed meaning and had more space and imagination. Finally, connecting the specialty and local experiences that to respond the characteristics of tolerance in multicultural education. According to above principles that had considered what kind of educational and social resources would be suitable for local experiences.
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