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題名:企業價值共創與競爭優勢關係之探討
作者:官志凱
作者(外文):GUAN, CHIH-KAE
校院名稱:國立臺北大學
系所名稱:企業管理學系
指導教授:邱光輝
丁姵如
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2020
主題關鍵詞:價值共創競爭優勢核心競爭力技術能力創新能力Value co-creationCompetitive advantageCore competenceTechnical competenceInnovative competence
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企業的競爭優勢在促使企業成長與追求績效的過程中扮演關鍵性的角色。然而在激烈競爭的環境下,企業為了產品及時上市,未必有辦法完全透過自身從零開始培養競爭能力;相反地,基於開放式創新的思維下,透過與供應商或客戶的協同合作,也是提升企業核心競爭力的途徑之一。本研究參考社會資本理論的觀點與五力分析等與競爭力相關的文獻探討找出影響企業競爭力的變數;同時透過混合性研究方法,藉由專家訪談,找出實務上專家認為會影響企業競爭優勢的變數,兩者整合成本研究之模型架構,最後採用使用偏最小平方 (partial least squares, PLS) 迴歸結構方程式分析203份有效樣本。實證結果發現:本研究模型中的內、外部核心競爭力確實影響企業競爭優勢;其中「議價能力」與「比較效率」正向影響「彈性」與「回應」。此外,研究模型中的外部競爭力除「產品獨特價值」外,「轉換成本」與「技術能力」對「議價能力」有正向的影響;模型中的內部競爭力:「內部效率」、「組織間效率」與「創新能力」皆正向影響「比較效率」;其中「創新能力」亦對「議價能力」有正面顯著的影響。本研究的結果,除了對過去研究架構進行量化之實證,並證實透過專家訪談找出的兩項變數:「技術能力」及「創新能力」,有助於形成企業競爭優勢外,也提供若干管理實務之建議。
The competitive advantages of a company play a key role in promoting its growth and pursuing performance. In highly competitiveness market it is important to launch new products in time, however companies may not always be able to achieve the goal completely through themselves as all the competences are difficult to build from scratch. On the other hand, there is a strategic way to enhance company’s core competence through collaboration with suppliers or customers which is based on open innovation thinking. This study refers to the perspectives of the Social Capital Theory and Porter’s Five Forces strategy to find out the variables that affect the competitiveness of a company. Meanwhile, through mixed-methods research and adopt expert interviews to find out the possible variables in practice which will impact company’s competitive advantages, then combine them into our proposed conceptual model. 203 effective questionnaires were completed and SmartPLS 3.2.8 was performed to examine the related hypotheses of this conceptual model. The empirical results found that the internal and external core competences of our conceptual model have positive effects on the competitive advantage of company, which means the "Bargaining Power" and "Comparative Efficiency" positively affect "Flexibility" and "Responsiveness". In addition, about the external competences, “Switching Cost” has negative effect on "Bargaining Power", “Technical Competence” has positive effect on "Bargaining Power" but “Unique Product Features” do not have effect on "Bargaining Power". Furthermore, all internal competences of our conceptual model that include “Internal Efficiency”, “Interorganizational Efficiency” and “Innovative Competence” have positive effects on “Comparative Efficiency”, moreover, the “Innovative Competence” also has positive effect on "Bargaining Power". Through investigating the concepts and relationships of variables and identifying two variables through expert interviews, the results enhance the fitness of our proposed conceptual model and also makes some contributions to practice related to competitive advantages literature.
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