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題名:越南學生來臺就讀大學影響因素之研究-計畫行為理論之應用
作者:黃培真
作者(外文):HWANG, PEIRJEN
校院名稱:國立臺北科技大學
系所名稱:技術及職業教育研究所
指導教授:林俊彥
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2020
主題關鍵詞:計畫行為理論理性行動理論國際學生移動越南學生Theory of Planned BehaviorTheory of Reasoned ActionInternational Student MobilityVietnamese Students
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本研究以計畫行為理論分析越南學生來臺灣就讀大學的關鍵因素,探究他們的行為、規範與控制信念與行為態度、主觀規範、知覺行為控制對行為意圖的影響,從而建構越南學生來臺就讀大學的計畫行為意圖模式;另分析不同背景因素對行為意圖各構面的差異。本研究以政府新南向政策下、全球COVID-19肆虐時期,正在臺灣就讀大學的越南學生為研究對象,參考相關文獻自編問卷進行調查,調查時間為2020年五月至六月,共計發放501份問卷,回收416份有效問卷,回收率為83.03%。並以次數分析、描述性統計、信度分析、因素分析、相關分析、獨立樣本t檢定、單因子變異數分析、多元迴歸分析、Tukey多重比較法等進行資料分析,研究結果顯示:
一、越南學生來臺就讀大學行為意圖可用計畫行為理論予以預測。
二、越南學生來臺就讀大學的行為信念係重視就業連結、規範信念係重視父母與老師的期望、控制信念係重視個人發展性與經濟資源。
三、越南學生來臺就讀大學的知覺行為控制對行為意圖的解釋力大於主觀規範與行為態度。
四、控制信念在越南學生來臺就讀大學計畫行為意圖模式的預測力超越知覺行為控制、主觀規範與行為態度。
五、越南學生背景因素變項中以「家庭月所得」影響層面最廣;以「知覺行為控制」受到背景因素變項影響最顯著。
六、越南學生以就讀於北臺灣私立技職科技院校經濟相關的熱門產業學門為主。
本研究建議政府部門與各高教機構增加對越南學生的資源挹注與協助個人發展、強化學習與就業連結、建立與他們家人、親友、老師們的密切關聯。亦建議政府加強跨部會合作、對越南學生大量就讀的私立技職科技院校給予更多的支持、以及對越南學生建立「國際轉學制度」。
The purposes of this research are to explore the key factors that have influenced the behaviors of Vietnamese students studying at the universities in Taiwan through the application of the Theory of Planned Behavior, to investigate the resulting impacts from their own behavior belief, normative belief, control belief, attitude toward the behavior, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control on their own intentions, and to consequently construct the "planned behavioral intention model" of Vietnamese students studying at the universities in Taiwan.
Under the global COVID-19 pandemic and the New Southbound Policy of Taiwan government, this research had focused on those Vietnamese students who are currently enrolled at the universities in Taiwan. All the survey questions were selected and compiled by the researcher through the referencing of relevant literatures. The survey period covered the May and June of the year 2020. A total of 501 questionnaires were issued, and 416 responded, thus the recovery rate was 83.03%. The received data were then analyzed using the frequency analysis, descriptive statistics analysis, reliability analysis, factor analysis, correlation analysis, independent-sample t test, ANOVA, multiple regression analysis, and Tukey HSD, etc. The findings from this research are as follows:
1. The behavioral intentions of Vietnamese university students in Taiwan can be predicted by the Theory of Planned Behavior.
2. For the Vietnamese university students in Taiwan, their behavior beliefs were mainly aligned with the employment connections, their normative beliefs with the expectations of parents and teachers, and their control beliefs with the individual’s further development possibility and economical resources.
3. Regarding the reasoning of their behavioral intentions, the perceived behavioral control of Vietnamese university students in Taiwan was more influential than the subjective norms or attitudes toward the behavior.
4. Control belief is the most predictive indicator of Vietnamese university students' "planned behavioral intention model", surpassing the perceived behavioral control, subjective norm or attitude toward the behavior.
5. Among the background variables of Vietnamese university students, "monthly family income" showed the broadest impact on students while the "perceived behavioral control" was dominantly influenced by the background variables.
6. Vietnamese university students in Taiwan were mainly enrolled in the “hot” industry oriented, economics related departments of the private technical and vocational universities at the northern part of Taiwan.
Based on this research, recommendations to the governmental departments and higher education institutions are: increase resources of various types for Vietnamese students, assist their interpersonal developments, strengthen their study-employment connections, and establish closer communications with their families, friends, and teachers. It is furtherly proposed to Taiwan government to enhance the inter-ministerial cooperation, to provide more support to the private technical and vocational universities where most Vietnamese students study, and to establish an "international transfer system" for Vietnamese students.
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