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題名:探討專利熵指數、ESG指數、專利訴訟次數與研發支出對於公司績效之影響-以美國製藥業為例
作者:葉彥利
作者(外文):YEH, YEN-LI
校院名稱:國立臺北大學
系所名稱:企業管理學系
指導教授:陳宥杉
魏嘉宏
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2021
主題關鍵詞:專利熵指數ESG專利訴訟研發支出Entropy of PatentsESGPatent LitigationR&D Expense
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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依據動態能力理論,當公司為維持市場領先地位,面對市場環境變化,應該有效調整企業資源,快速做出反應調整,對於製藥行業,如何有效彈性分配資源在可能影響公司市場價值及營運績效的關鍵因素就變得相當重要,故本研究歸納出過去對製藥業公司績效可能產生影響的重要因素作探討,本研究探討包括專利熵指數、ESG指數、專利訴訟次數與研發支出對公司績效的影響,以美國製藥業作為研究樣本,運用類神經網路方式進行分析,歸納出相關結論與建議,以此填補相關的研究缺口。研究結果發現共4項:(1)若專利熵指數越高,代表此公司專利的多樣性愈高,以多角化的策略來研發不同的專利技術領域,對於公司績效有正向影響;(2)ESG指數對公司績效在前、中期的投入的成效為正向影響,但隨著ESG指數往更高數值增加時,與公司績效呈現負向關係,顯示公司落實企業社會責任,有助於帶動公司績效的成效,但ESG指數達到一定的程度時,過度投入無法驅使ESG指數成長,亦表示公司落實企業社會責任時,應考慮公司自身的資源分配,立定短、中、長期目標在落實企業社會責任方面,過度追求ESG指數的成長,將資源投入在企業社會責任上而未將資源妥善分配到其他面向、忽略了投資人及市場以獲利為優先的考量,將會影響降低公司績效;(3)專利訴訟次數對公司績效的影響存在著轉折點,在公司發生專利訴訟次數較少時,可能此時因專利訴訟次數少而缺少相關經驗與管理應對方式,讓投資人及市場趨於觀望保守狀態,但隨著後續在轉折點後,呈現正向的關係;(4)研發支出對於公司績效之影響存在最適點,公司必須仔細評估短、中、長期研發支出為公司所帶來的效應,依照公司各階段訂定確切的策略目標在增加公司研發支出的同時,也應該考量增加產品的差異化及多元化,而非以成本為優先考量,這樣更能透過研發支出增加公司績效,也因為產品的差異及多元化,公司的專利熵指數也可以隨著提高。
According to the dynamic capability theory, when a company wants to maintain its leading position in the market, it should effectively adjust its corporate resources. Also, the company has to make quick response adjustments when facing changes in the market environment. Therefore, the research summarizes the past academic discussions about the critical factors that may affect the performance of pharmaceutical companies. The study uses the US pharmaceutical industries as research samples and uses the artificial neural network method to explore the impact of patent entropy index, ESG index, number of patent litigation, and R&D expense on corporate performance. Finally, the relevant conclusions and suggestions are summarized to fill the relevant research gaps. The results indicated that (1) The higher the entropy of patents, the higher the diversity of the corporate patents. Using diversified strategies to develop different patented technology fields has a positive impact on corporate performance. (2) When the ESG index reaches a certain level, excessive investment cannot drive the growth of the ESG index. (3) There is a turning point in the impact of patent litigation on corporate performance. When the number of patent lawsuits in the company is small, the lack of relevant experience and management response methods may cause investors and the market to be conservative. (4) As R&D expenses increase, managers should also consider increasing product differentiation instead of prioritizing costs. It could improve corporate performance and increasing the entropy of patents at the same time.
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