Traditional Chinese capital and leader system, wander up and down between
central authorities and local government all the time before the Tang Dynasty, promise
way of Yin by central officer and concurrently Beijing in the the Tang Dynasty, take,
march towards one towards central authorities, through making in Northern Song
Dynasty ' establish the position of special zone in the capital in the way of all laws of
Beijing ', Magistrates is as the central officer, but because the reason of the end state
basic policy that strong this is weak, know the power of the office only restricts in
Kaifeng, it is a leader of special zone of capital; Will it be initial stage the Southern
Song Dynasty, because gold Song pacify health, build the intersection of inflammation
and war, lose including capital Kaifeng office 4 Beijing office, the central government
migrates successively, from Yangzhou, build the health office, in Linan office
(Hangzhou) finally Establish, in order to show that does not forget to recover the
politics which loses the soil to declare, only claim ' walk here ', it is the Southern Song
Dynasty actually the country forms and walks two systems of building health office of
offices, cities established as a second capital besides the capital in Linan.
Capital and leader system of the Southern Song Dynasty, and not the same in
Northern Song Dynasty, strive in order to meet an enemy attack or prepare for the
system, Linan office is except inheriting the end in Northern Song Dynasty and
concurrently pacifying the system of person in over-all charge of department and army
riffraff, the relation cut down and merge because of the temple prison, belong to the
unit supervised in temple originally to transfer partly to and is subordinate to Linan
office, undertake the Song diplomatic general affairs of the money after continuing and
revitalizing peace talks in diplomacy, imperial palace and central the intersection of
government and construction work, supply central necessary goods and materials, can
carry out southeast work of exchanging etc. of son of administration, undertake the
affairs organization as the central authorities, Magistrates is transferred to from central
authorities, Zhejiang Cao more, in order to reduce the time of falling vacant; Leader
system,it different from knowing right by Kaifeng office Northern Song Dynasty,
Kaifeng office circle last that some public affair inside, outside fraction, the power to
know office is more centralized, and concurrently pacify and enable with the example,
in, outside grasp the city (the capital city and its environs / Zhejiang West Road) Civil
administration, know military power, police's right, judicial power in the city, can shift
three governments to prohibit the army on condition that notify the imperial court in
advance; Besides hold concurrentlying and pacifying enabling, know office one job
transship department, central 6, temple, supervise long two and concurrently know by
two Zhejiang way more even, status right know the intersection of Kaifeng and office
to be high than Northern Song Dynasty, know office one job consider as too, transferred
to the position examined as moving.
Linan office puts in department Linan, it is dynasty officers that the one that knows
the office sends officer's lowest steps of emolument, it is a natural central officer, often
joining the officer, grasp the duties and responsibilities of imperial court, the status is
powerful and influential, will involve central political situation in while being
unavoidable, participate in towards discuss, ceremony ceremony because the functions
and powers need, personnel to know office appoint also with emperor, kill, insist on to
close, thought of including but court official know the intersection of Linan and office
and emperor show and the intersection of political party,etc. and that right hold state
power represent their political appearances with imperial clan more; And then by
knowing to make the book, decline avoiding tables, not permitting instructing, peep and
know the emperor is to the expectation knowing the office is administrative in
appointment of the office.
City affairs, it is influenced by wills of imperial court, emperor deeply to manage
government affairs, mainly display in the social welfare; The construction of city, know
to mostly extend predecessors and repair, change successively, build again
progressively in the office, in the period of helping until being pure, let what has been
let at most know by office Zhao and? ? Comprehensive expression of, go on in an allround
way building exactly, establish late Song Linan the intersection of city and style
and features, make heir hope his person's back while being difficult. Have jurisdiction
over corporals the people to knowing the appraisal of the office, no matter is fine or not,
it is quite direct, subjective.
Know the system of the office in Linan in the Southern Song Dynasty, go still one
step further on the basis that Northern Song Dynasty knows the system of the office in
Kaifeng, open later age yuans of the intersection of person in over-all charge and the
intersection of office and way, Ming and Qing Dynasties the intersection of capital of
a country and beginning of system, of our country the intersection of municipality
directly under the Central Government and first sign of old system too.