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題名:同步與預前音樂介入對大專院校高爾夫選手壓力情境後推桿與揮桿表現與心生理反應之影響
作者:王宏宗
作者(外文):Wang, Hung-Tsung
校院名稱:臺北市立大學
系所名稱:競技運動訓練研究所
指導教授:戴遐齡
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2021
主題關鍵詞:心理壓力推桿揮桿音樂介入Psychological stressGolf puttingGolf swingMusic intervention
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目的:1) 比較心理壓力時,運動前音樂介入或運動中同步音樂介入,對大專高爾夫選手揮桿及推桿表現之影響; 2) 比較心理壓力時,運動前音樂介入或運動中同步音樂介入,對大專高爾夫選手心跳率、心率變異度以及心理焦慮之影響。方法:本研究以20名大專院校高爾夫選手為對象,依平衡次序法分別進行擊球前的預前音樂介入、同步音樂介入與無音樂三次試驗,每次試驗間隔48-72小時。首先進行前測安靜坐姿10分鐘的心跳率、心率變異度測量、情境特質焦慮量表、三向度焦慮量表之填寫。之後受試者進行安靜坐姿10分鐘無音樂介入或壓力測試前單次自選音樂介入,然後進行10分鐘壓力測試,隨後接著進行5次揮桿、20次推桿無音樂或單次自選音樂同步介入,最後進行安靜坐姿10分鐘的心跳率、心率變異度測量、情境特質焦慮量表、三向度焦慮量表之填寫。本研究以描述性統計數據平均值±標準差 (Mean ± SD) 呈現,統計比較以重複測量變異數分析與效果量檢驗。統計顯著水準定為p < 0.05。結果:同步與預前自選音樂介入對高爾夫選手面臨壓力時,推桿的準確度與揮桿擊球的距離、飛行距離、球速、起飛角度與無音樂介入之間皆無顯著差異。心跳率、心率變異度測量、情境特質焦慮量表在揮桿與推桿表現前測與後測比較,無交互作用和主要效果。唯三向度焦慮量表之身體焦慮構面,揮桿與推桿表現前後測百分比變化在無音樂、同步與預前音樂條件之間達顯著差異(p = 0.013,預前音樂介入 = -1.92% < 無音樂 = 0% < 同步音樂介入 = 4.58%)。結論:同步與預前自選音樂介入無法有效提升大專院校高爾夫選手面臨壓力後的技術表現;並且在心跳率、心率變異度與心理焦慮程度方面也沒有明顯改變的效果。
Purpose: To investigate the effect of synchronized and pre-task self-selected music intervention on golf putting and swing performance, heart rate (HR), HR variability (HRV) and anxiety among collegiate golfers. Methods: Twenty first division collegiate golfers were participated in this study. The experiment protocol was based counter-balanced measure in randomized order. All participants performed pre-task music, synchronize music, and controlled conditions with 48-72 hours apart. Participants were instructed to measure 10-minute resting HR and HRV in sitting position, state-trait anxiety inventory (STAI-S), and triple-dimension anxiety (TFAI) questionnaires at baseline measure. Afterward, participants were asked to quite sitting for 10 minute or to undertake 10-minute pre-task music intervention. Subsequently, the Stroop color-word interference test was used as mental stress intervention for 10 minute. Next, the participants performed 5 swings and 20 puttings in a Golfzon virtual golf simulation device. Consequently, 10-minute resting HR and HRV, STAI-S and TFAI. Descriptive data were presented as mean and standard deviation. Repeated measurement of analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare the statistical differences among the trials. Effect size was quantified to test the magnitude of pairwise comparisons. Results: The results showed no significant differences in putting accuracy and swing performance of the total distance, carry distance, speed of the ball and launch angle. No interaction and main effect were found in HR, HRV, and STAI-S. However, the pre-and-post percentage of physiological element of TFAI showed significant large in synchronized music trial (p = 0.013, pre-task trial = -1.92% < control trial = 0% < synchronized trial = 4.58%). Conclusion: The synchronized and pre-task self-selected music intervention has no effects on golf performance, anxiety level, and psychological and physiological responses after acute mental stress in collegiate golfers.
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